The Development Review of Foreign Direct Investment Enterprises in China: Basing on the Perspective of RMB Internationalization

外商直接投资已经被视作企业在全球扩张中的一种典型方式，也是一种对母国和投资国经济发展双赢的投资方式。近年来在华外商投资企业发展迅速，截止2016年11月，我国累计批准外商投资企业已经多达24355家。但是，在人民币国际化的背景下，在华外商直接投资企业的发展也受到了挑战。人民币国际化给外商投资企业发展带来了什么影响？在华外商直接投资企业如何应对这些影响？人民币国际化背景下在华外商投资企业如何发展？这些问题都值得研究和思考。基于此，本文围绕在华外商投资企业的发展问题进行了思考，对人民币国际化对在华外商直接投资企业的发展进行了定性与定量分析，就该类企业的投融资政策、资金管理政策，财务风险管理，和生产...Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is treated as one of the typical enterprise globalization methods, and also a method to increase the economy of home country and investment country. In recent year, FDI in China develops fast. Until November of 2016, FDI enterprises in China reaches 24355. However, the FDI in China faces challenges under the background of RMB internationalization. It is worthy study...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院_金融学学号：K20134221

Biodegradation and bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

生物修复在治理多环芳烃污染环境中的作用日益突出,其应用研究越来越受到重视。文中概述了生物修复技术发展的基础——多环芳烃微生物降解,论述了降解微生物分离、驯化、种类、降解机制等,探讨了提高多环芳烃降解速率的途径及其存在的一些问题,并对今后的发展趋势进行了展望。国家自然科学基金资助项目(4976302

盐生植物盐角草对中肋骨条藻的生长抑制

利用盐生植物抑制藻类生长是防治海洋赤潮发生的一种新兴技术.本文以中国近海典型赤潮原因种中肋骨条藻为对象,研究了滩涂盐生植物盐角草对藻生长的影响及其机制,并利用高效液相色谱技术分析潜在的抑藻物质.共培养实验结果显示,在营养盐充足的条件下,盐角草能够显著抑制中肋骨条藻的生长,降低藻生长水体叶绿素A(CHlA)浓度.除盐角草根系水提物之外,其余3种有机相提取物均能抑制藻的生长,改变藻细胞大小,并且影响单个细胞的CHlA含量.各种有机相提取物的抑制作用具有浓度效应,随浓度升高抑制作用增强;以甲醇相提取物效果最明显,其次是正丁醇和氯仿相提取物.经高效液相色谱分析,在甲醇相提取物中鉴定出2种黄酮化合物——芦丁和槲皮素-3-β-d-葡萄糖甙.其中芦丁对中肋骨条藻的生长具有一定的抑制作用,其抑制效果随芦丁浓度的升高而增强,随藻细胞初始接种密度的升高而减弱.结果表明,盐角草能够抑制中肋骨条藻的生长,芦丁作为盐角草的代谢产物之一有望成为新的抑藻剂.中科院知识创新重要方向项目(批准号:KSCX2-EW-J-1);国家高新技术研究发展计划(批准号:2007AA091704)资

骨髓细胞移植联合环磷酰胺诱导胰腺移植大鼠免疫耐受的实验研究

目的研究骨髓细胞(BMC)移植联合短期使用环磷酰胺(CTX)对诱导糖尿病大鼠胰腺移植免疫耐受的作用。方法采用链脲霉素(STZ)45mg/kg腹腔一次性注射法诱导建立BN大鼠1型糖尿病模型。以SD大鼠为供体,糖尿病BN大鼠为受体,制作异基因大鼠胰腺移植动物模型。20只BN大鼠1型糖尿病模型随机分为4组,每组5只。Ⅰ组:单纯行胰腺移植;Ⅱ组:胰腺移植术后第1d按150mg/kg腹腔注射CTX;Ⅲ组:胰腺移植时经门静脉注射供体BMC2.0×108个;Ⅳ组:胰腺移植时经门静脉注射供体BMC2.0×108个,移植术后第1d按150mg/kg腹腔注射CTX。术后监测血糖,记录大鼠功能性存活期。术后2周取外周血,制备单细胞悬液,用流式细胞仪检测Vβ11+T细胞的水平和嵌合体形成率。结果Ⅰ组大鼠功能性存活期为(7.8±1.2)d,Ⅱ组功能性存活期为(8.2±1.6)d,Ⅲ组功能性存活期为(8.8±1.4)d,而Ⅳ组功能性存活期为(18±2.2)d,与其它各组比较,存活时间延长(P<0.05)。Ⅳ组Vβ11+T细胞的水平(2.5±0.3)%,低于其它各组(P<0.05),Ⅳ组糖尿病大鼠外周血液中可以检测到供体骨髓源性细胞,嵌合率为(10.0±2.3)%,其它3组均未检测到供体骨髓源性细胞。结论 BMC移植联合短期使用CTX可促进嵌合体形成,诱导免疫耐受,延长大鼠胰腺移植术后功能性存活期

反相高效液相色谱法分析盘基网柄菌对氨基酸的利用

为观察盘基网柄菌(Dictyostelium discoideum)在SIH培养基上对氨基酸的利用情况,以2,4-二硝基氯苯为衍生化试剂,研究了用反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)测定氨基酸的方法.在60min内16种氨基酸达到基线分离,峰面积与氨基酸浓度的线性相关系数为0.992～0.999.对发酵液样品的分析结果表明,盘基网柄菌对赖氨酸的利用最为彻底,发酵后期赖氨酸已被消耗完全.蛋氨酸、色氨酸、精氨酸、组氨酸也较易被盘基网柄菌利用,而对天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、苏氨酸、脯氨酸、缬氨酸的需求不大.这一代谢特点为改进盘基网柄菌培养基组成提供依据

Comprehension and Persuasion on Advertising Message: Heuristic-Systematic Model Approach

[[abstract]]本研究應用「捷思式－系統式訊息處理途徑模型」之觀點，探討來源可信度與視覺化線索如何影響消費者對廣告訊息的理解與態度，並同時驗證消費者的理解過程是否符合方法目的鏈所述「屬性－結果－價值」之結構。研究－結果顯示，消費者在捷思式途徑中會依賴來源可信度作為廣告訊息理解的主要線索，且理解層級符合方法目的鏈所主張，從屬性到結果到價值的層次。研究二則發現，捷思式－系統式二元訊息處理途徑中的捷思式與系統式途徑兩者可以並存，當訊息以口語化方式呈現時，消費者主要採取捷思式處理途徑，依賴來源可信度（代言人）作為線索來評估與判斷廣告內容，然而若強化訊息內容的有形線索，則會誘發消費者進行系統式途徑，因而弱化來源可信度的影響力；換言之，視覺化有形線索是有效的調節變數，可用來干擾來源可信度對訊息的理解與態度形成。[[abstract]]For a long history, firms abundantly use different kinds of endorser in advertisements as an information cue or a signal of quality, But still very few researches have been devoted to understand how source credibility can influence the way consumers comprehend advertising messages and evaluate advertised product. It is also not clear whether the persuasion effect of celebrity endorser is always belier than non-famous endorser, and in what condition firms can use cheaper non-famous endorser but generate comparable communication effect. In order to answer those questions, this article, through the lens of the heuristic-systematic dual-processing model (HSM), is aimed to research how source credibility and visualization can impact consumer's comprehension and persuasion of advertising messages, as well as to examine whether the structure of comprehension conforms to the means-end chain (MEC) theory which postulated an ”attribute-consequence-value” sequential chain in comprehension of product message. MEC was developed by Gutman in 1982 with the intension to explain how consumers link product attributes to the consumption consequence and then to the value they desired during the process of comprehending adverting message. This theory provided a good tool to measure the communication effect on message comprehension. And Hovland, Janis, and Kelly (1953) assumed that persuasion variables (e.g., source expertise) can influence persuasion by their impact on the causally prior processes of attention and comprehension of message content. So they proposed that comprehension mediates persuasion. On the other hand, the HSM is a persuasion-based model that examines information processing as an antecedent to attitude formation in social judgment (Chaiken Liberman, and Eagly 1989). When processing information heuristically, message perceivers are said to employ comparably little effort, typically relying on easily accessible information, such as the source's identity or other non-content cues, in deciding whether or nor to accept a message's conclusion (Chaiken 1980). This type of processing is more likely to occur with low involvement, low perceived capacity to process information, or when an individual does not perceive more in-depth processing to be of much consequence. On the contrary, systematic processing is defined by effortful exploration and comparison of information. When processing information systematically, perceivers actively attempt to comprehend and evaluate a message's arguments (Chaiken and Eagly 1983). We can thus infer that the impact of source credibility will be different between heuristic and systematic processing amid will be much salient when customers process information heuristically. But how can we induce consumers to engage systematic processing and therefore the impact of source credibility can be weakened? What Mitchell (1986) argued may give us some ideas. Mitchell (1986) demonstrated that the visual component in ads may affect the evaluation of product attributes. Photographs (pictures) often play a major role in persuasion and are evaluated positively, creating more favorable attitudes toward ads and brands. In line with this rationale, we assume that consumers use source credibility as a heuristic cue to comprehend an advertised product's message, and the ”attribute-consequence-value” chain does exist in the message comprehension process which mediates their attitude toward the ads and the brand. Additionally, based on Morchell's argument, we proposed that visualization of message may activate the systematic processing in which the persuasion effect of celebrity endorser may be diluted. This research is consisted of 2 experimental studies in which a series of TV type advertisements was created as the stimulus materials, and a credit card of fictitious brand was used as the product. We included undergraduate students from a large university in Taiwan as subjects in both studies and subjects were randomly assigned to one of the experimental conditions. Study 1 was to investigate the structure of comprehension and the effect of source credibility on comprehension and persuasion. We proposed that consumers use source credibility as a heuristic cue to activate their heuristic processing. A one-factor 4-level (source credibility: celebrity/expert/student/employee) between-subjects experiment was conducted. After watching the ads, each participant was asked to report their perception of comprehension and persuasion by answering the questions in a booklet. The intent of Study 2 was to further invest the effect of visualization on comprehension and persuasion. The hypothesis is that the moderating effect of visualization can provide important information for consumers who are motivated to use heuristic-systematic dual-processing to develop accurate comprehension and attitudes. We used a 4×2 factorial between-subjects design. The two factors were source credibility (celebrity/expert/student/employee) and message type (verbalization/visualization). Before watching the ads, participants were asked to report their product knowledge of credit card. The purpose was to activate systematic processing, since it can elicit individuals' considerably greater cognitive effort and make them focus on specific information. Findings of Study 1 reveal that consumers rely on source credibility in heuristic processing to comprehend a product's attributes, consequences, and value. And the structure of comprehension indeed consists with what means-end chain theory postulated. But it failed to confirm the mediating role of comprehension on persuasion. Findings of Study 2 show that heuristic and systematic processing can co-occur. When an advertising message is presented by verbalization, consumers are more likely to engage in heuristic processing, relying on source credibility as a heuristic cue to arrive at a judgment. However, when information is presented by visualization, the influence of systematic processing tends to dominate over heuristic processing, and as a result, the effect of source credibility was diluted. These two replicated experiments offer important implications for advertisers. In the case of a tangible and familiar product for the target (e.g., a credit card,), it could be essential to provide product-attribute messages to counteract the effects of source credibility heuristic cues. In other words, when the message type is provided for more visual condition, compared with a high-credibility endorser (e.g., a celebrity), a low-credibility endorser (e.g., an employee) may produce commensurate communication effect. Moreover, it could be dramatically cost saving for a company to adopt its own employee or a typical consumer as an endorser

Economic Study of Canada’s Marine and Ocean Industries by Kenneth White

本报告重点阐述加拿大海洋经济与海洋产业的重要性。加拿大大陆架面积3.6万平方公里，位居全球第二，周围分布北冰洋、太平洋和大西洋等三大洋。此外，圣劳伦斯河，圣劳伦斯湾，哈得孙湾和詹姆斯湾是加拿大的主要航道，对加拿大的经济、国防和政治利益具有重要作用。海洋为加拿大提供了大量的经济活动和就业机会，并提供了食品、能源，以及运送货物和人员的通道。目前，向加拿大公民和海外市场提供这些海洋资源的质量和效率大大提高，这主要源于联邦和省两级政府和私营机构在技术革新和海洋科学研究方面的共同努力。本研究主要讨论加拿大传统海洋产业、新兴海洋产业、海洋科技三者之间的关系。目前已经确认，海洋、海洋科技以及传统产业正受到软硬件技术的影响。译者单位：国家海洋信息中心海洋经济部（300171