Sapflow characteristics of Kandelia obovata and their controlling factors in Zhangjiang estuary,China

利用Granier热消散式探针法对福建漳江口国家级红树林自然保护区内红树植物秋茄的树干茎流密度(SFD)进行1年(2010年10月至2011年10月)的连续监测.结果表明:季节和树干径级对秋茄树干茎流密度均有显著影响.在夏季,胸径(DBH)为8~10 cm时秋茄树干最外层2 cm处的SFD达到最大,为38.21 g·m~(-2)·s~(-1),这与其他红树物种以及湿地乔木物种的茎流密度相当.不同径级(小、中、大径级分别为2~4、4~8、8~10 cm)秋茄每日整树蒸腾量(即水分日利用量)也呈现明显的季节变化,从冬季到夏季的波动值分别为0.14~0.19、0.94~1.45、1.96~3.43 kg·d~(-1).通过整合各个径级秋茄树的日蒸腾量推算得到秋茄林的日蒸腾量,再全年累加计算得到秋茄林年总蒸腾量为100.38 mm,不到当地年降水量的6%.主要环境因子对秋茄林蒸腾速率(E_s)均有极显著影响(P<0.001),其中,光合有效辐射(PAR)和饱和水汽压差(VPD)是E_s最主要的驱动因子,解释了E_s60%~92%的季节变异,且夏季秋茄E_s对PAR和VPD的依赖性大于冬季.秋茄E_s与环境因子之间存在明显的时滞现象,需要在解释秋茄林E_s季节变异时加以考虑.In this study,the Grainer's thermal dissipation probe method was applied to monitor sap flux density( SFD) of a mangrove species Kandelia obovata over a period of one year( 2010-10—2011-10) in Zhangjiangkou Mangrove National Nature Reserve,Fujian,China. The results showed that both season and diameter class exerted significant effects on the SFD of K. obovata trees. In summer,when the diameter at breast height( DBH) reached 8-10 cm,the highest SFD was found at a depth of 2 cm with a value of 38.21 g·m~(-2)·s-1,which was comparable with those for other mangrove tree species and forested wetland tree species. The mean whole tree transpiration( i. e.daily water use) of all stem size classes demonstrated large changes from winter to summer,increased from 0.14 to 0.19 kg·d~(-1)in small trees( S,DBH = 2-4 cm),from 0.94 to 1.45 kg·d~(-1)in medium trees( M,DBH = 4-8 cm) and from 1.96 to 3.43 kg·d~(-1)in large ones( L,DBH = 8-10 cm). The daily transpiration of K. obovata stand was calculated by summing all size classes,which was then summed up for entire year to estimate annual transpiration of entire K. obovata forest,which was about 100. 38 mm,less than 6% of local annual precipitation. Key environmental factors all had significant effects( all P<0.001) on the stand transpiration rate( E_s) of K. obovata forest,and photosynthetically active radiation( PAR) and vapor pressure deficit( VPD) were themain driving factors,which explained 60%-92% seasonal variation of E_s. The PAR and VPD had larger effects on the E_sin summer than that in winter. In addition,we observed an obvious time lag phenomenon in the relationship between E_sand PAR or VPD,which should be taken into account when explaining seasonal variation of E_sin K. obovata forest.国家自然科学基金项目(30930017);; 国家海洋局海洋公益性行业科研专项(201305021)资助~

奇异期权的非参数定价方法研究

2015年2月9日我国正式启动股票期权交易,意味着我国衍生品市场进入一个崭新的阶段。将非参数正则方法应用于路径依赖的奇异期权定价,选择奇异期权的价格敏感因素作为约束条件,通过数值计算得到各类约束条件下奇异期权价格的估计值,并与蒙特卡罗模拟方法得到的期权价格理论值进行比较从而计算正则方法的定价误差。研究表明:正则方法在为奇异期权定价时取得了与蒙特卡罗模拟相近的结果,且加入约束条件后定价误差减小,说明用正则方法为奇异期权定价是可行的,加入约束条件可以提高定价精度。国家自然科学基金项目(71073023); 福建省社科规划项目(2013B052); 福建省科技厅软科学项目(2014R0055

锂同学的成长之路

将锂元素比拟成化学世界的一位小姑娘,讲述了她被人类发现后如何逐渐拓展应用的领域,成为世界瞩目的明星金属元素的故事。文章用生动的语言介绍了锂元素的物理、化学性质,让读者在阅读中轻松理解相关知识,了解锂独特的美。“化学学科拔尖学生培养试验计划”学生科研能力培养探

磷小姐升职记

将磷元素拟人化,通过生动的语言,讲述了她在生命体内的作用以及在人类生活中的应用,让磷元素的生理功能以及应用更简单易懂,使读者体会到磷元素独特的美。“化学学科拔尖学生培养试验计划”学生科研能力培养探

Effect of Yuhan Nuanwei Cream Acupoints Stiking Therapy on Gastric Mucosa TNF-α,PCNA of Mice with Chronic Atrophic Gastritis

目的:研究御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴对慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)大鼠胃黏膜肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)表达的影响,探讨御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴对慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变CAG大鼠胃黏膜损伤修复的作用机制。方法:大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴组、药物对照组,采用综合干预方法复制慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变大鼠模型,肉眼下观察大鼠胃黏膜损伤指数,光镜下观察胃黏膜组织的病理变化,采用酶联免疫分析法测定胃黏膜细胞中TNF-α、PCNA的表达水平。结果:与正常组比较,模型组的大鼠胃黏膜组织病理学检查提示存在腺体的萎缩和一定程度的细胞异型增生,大鼠胃黏膜细胞中TNF-α、PCNA的表达水平升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与模型组比较,御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴组和药物对照组大鼠胃黏膜组织的病理损伤得到修复,大鼠胃黏膜细胞中TNF-α、PCNA的表达水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);结论:御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴可以促进CAG大鼠胃黏膜损伤的修复,该作用可能是通过调节胃黏膜细胞TNF-α、PCNA的表达水平来实验的。Objective:To study the effect of Yuhan Nuanwei cream(YNC)acupoints stiking therapy on gastric mucosa tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) expression of mice with chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG),so to discuss the renovation mechanism of YNC on CAG precancerous lesions. Methods:The mice were divided into normal group,model group,YNC group,drug control group. Duplicate mice model with CAG precancerous lesions by the method of comprehensive intervention,observe gastric mucosal lesion index of mice with the naked eyes,observe pathological change of gastric mucosa tissue under light microscope,measure expression level of TNF-α and PCNA in gastric mucosa cells by the method of enzyme-linked immunoassay. Results: Comparing with normal group, mice gastric mucosa histopathological examinations in model group reminded that there exist gland atrophy and some degree of cell atypical hyperplasia,the expression level of TNF-α and PCNA in mice gastric mucosa cell are increased,differences being significant(P<0.05). Comparing with model group,pathological damage of mice gastric mucosa tissue in YNC group and drug control group obtained obvious repair,the expression level of TNF-α and PCNA in mice gastric mucosa cell were dropped, differences being significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The therapy of YNC acupoints stiking therapy can promote the renovation of CAG mice gastric mucosal lesion. This fuction may be experimented by regulating the expression level of TNF-α and PCNA in mice gastric mucosa cell.深圳市科技研发资金项目(JCYJ20130401105615482

MRI表观弥散系数预测肝细胞癌肿瘤免疫细胞浸润

目的探索MRI弥散加权成像（DWI）的表观弥散系数（ADC）评估肝细胞癌（HCC）免疫细胞浸润的可行性。方法纳入初治HCC患者24例，所有患者均于术前行MRI DWI检查。收集患者术后1 h内新鲜组织块，分别取瘤内、瘤旁2 cm内组织块。采用多色流式细胞分析术获得组织内炎性细胞、T细胞、B细胞、CD4+ T细胞、CD8+ T细胞以及CD8+PD1+ T细胞、调节性T细胞、巨噬细胞比率。在MRI ADC图上测量肿瘤ADC值、瘤旁肝组织ADC值（pADC），计算肿瘤比瘤旁组织相对ADC值（rADC）。采用Pearson’s相关系数分析ADC值与肿瘤、瘤旁肝组织免疫细胞浸润的相关性。结果肿瘤和瘤旁肝组织免疫细胞数量存在差异，与瘤旁肝组织相比，瘤内CD45+细胞数量偏少（18.39% vs. 25.38%，P = 0.026），而CD8+PD1+T细胞明显偏高（46.22% vs. 18.78%，P&lt;0.001），此外瘤内调节T细胞数量亦明显偏高（3.29% vs. 2.01%， P=0.010）。ADC与多类疫细胞比例具相关性，rADC与瘤内CD4+T细胞比率呈正相关（r＝0.523，P＝0.009）、与瘤旁PD1+ Tc细胞呈正相关（r＝0.535，P＝0.007），肿瘤ADC值与瘤旁CD19+ B细胞呈负相关（r＝-0.476，P＝0.019），pADC值与PD1＋效应T细胞呈负相关（r＝-0.410，P＝0.047）。结论HCC肿瘤与瘤旁肝组织免疫浸润微环境存在差异，MRI ADC值可以无创性评估肿瘤、瘤旁肝组织免疫浸润情况

几种天然产物在海洋防污涂料中的应用研究

将天然产物齐墩果酸、蛇床子素和鱼藤酮作为防污剂,分别制备海洋防污涂料,在厦门海域检验其海区防污效能,并与已报道在厦门海域具防污效能的天然产物喜树碱进行比较,发现蛇床子素和鱼藤酮在海区挂板2个月内显示出一定的防污效能,齐墩果酸没有呈现出防污效能,而喜树碱的海区防污效能明显优于上述3种天然产物。另外,将喜树碱与鱼藤酮进行1∶1复配,并将这2种天然产物与氧化亚铜、N-(2,4,6-三氯苯基)马来酰亚胺(TCPM)和吡啶硫铜锌(ZPT)这3种防污(助)剂分别进行1∶1复配,共获得7种复配防污剂,制备相应的海洋防污涂料以检测其防污效能,发现喜树碱-TCPM、喜树碱-ZPT以及喜树碱-鱼藤酮这3种复配防污剂具良好的防污效能。进一步在上述涂料中选取了防污效能最优的含喜树碱涂料,在福建东山海域和海南陵水海域分别进行了海区挂板试验,结果表明含喜树碱涂料在这2个海域均显示出稳定、优异的防污效能,且期效可达13个月以上。文中研究为推进天然防污产物在海洋防污涂料中的应用进程提供了重要资料。厦门市海洋经济创新发展示范产业链协同创新类项目(16CZB023SF12);;海洋(赤潮)灾害立体监测技术与应用国家海洋局重点实验室开放研究基金(MATHAB201808);;福建省海洋经济发展补助资金项目(FJHJF-L-2018-2

针灸促进胃黏膜损伤修复的代谢机制研究进展

介绍针灸促进胃黏膜损伤修复的代谢机制,重点从针灸在胃黏膜损伤修复的氨基酸代谢、脂代谢、糖代谢等几个方面探讨其机理,认为针灸可通过调节以上3个方面的代谢途径实现胃黏膜修复,并提出代谢组学在中医应用的展望。广东省自然科学基金项目(2017A030313748)深圳市卫生计生委科研项目(201607061)深圳市福田区卫生公益性科研项目(FTWS20160033

Fluormentric Determination of Superoxide Dismutase

对肾上腺素自氧化反应进行了研究， 发现反应中间产物能发出较强的荧光， 其生成量受超氧化物歧化酶的抑制. 据此建立了分析超氧化物歧化酶的新方法. 该方法线性范围为0 ~52-6ng/M l， 检测限为8-56ng/Ml， 相对标准偏差为1-6 % （ n ＝ 6） .A fluorescent method is proposed for the determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD) based on epinephrine autoxidation.We found that the intermediate product of the autoxidation process of epinephrine autoxidation.Can fluoresce rather strongly at 533 nm when excited at 333 nm.The amount of SOD is linearly dependent on the extent of the decrease of the fluorescence of the immediate.Under optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear over a range of 0～53 ng/mL SOD.The detection limit was 8 6 ng/mL SOD.The relative deviation was 1 6% for 26 ng/mL SOD ( \%n\%=6 ).国家自然科学基金!（29677014