Researching on nitrite-oxidizing bacteria communities from the Pearl River estuary to the South China Sea basin

氮元素的生物地球化学循环几乎完全依赖于海洋生态系统中丰富的微生物调节。硝化作用（包括氨氧化过程和亚硝酸盐氧化过程）就是一个由微生物所介导的氧化反应，分别由氨氧化细菌、古菌（ammonia-oxidizingbacteria，AOB；ammonia-oxidizingarchaea，AOA）和亚硝酸盐氧化细菌（nitrite-oxidizingbacteria，NOB）介导。长期以来氨氧化作用一直被视为硝化作用的限速步骤，因此，亚硝酸盐氧化过程一直被人们所忽略。直到最近，在对纳米比亚氧最小层、北太平洋热带东部地区上层水体与氧最小层研究时均发现亚硝酸盐氧化率可能比氨氧化率高，且2步氧化反应并没有必...The biogeochemical nitrogen cycle is almost totally dependent on regulation by abundant microorganisms in marine systems. Nitrification (ammonia oxidation and nitrite oxidation) is carried out by specific groups of prokaryotes: ammonia is firstly oxidized to nitrite by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and subsequently to nitrate by nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (N...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与地球学院_海洋生物学学号：2232012115132

我国科技期刊媒体融合制约因素及突破路径探析

目的 分析并探讨我国科技期刊媒体深度融合的制约因素及突破路径。方法 通过文献调研、案例分析与对比,基于政策导向、专家意见及期刊现实情况,对期刊的发展现状进行归纳与分析。结果 系统梳理了制约我国科技期刊媒体融合的4个主要因素,提出可从5个方面进行融合转型升级路径探索。 结论 制约我国科技期刊媒体融合的因素主要包括管理机制与相关政策、人才与团队构建、先进技术与内容产品、发展资金等。要实现科技期刊与新媒体的深度融合,应坚持&ldquo;五位一体&rdquo;的融合路径:坚持正确的理念、思维及意识;组建&ldquo;领军人才+专才&rdquo;的团队或联盟;构建立体化网络平台与全媒体产业链,形成传播媒体矩阵;用技术外包实现近期内容创新,同时加大技术自主研发力度,以掌握深度融合的主动权;管理运营要注重顶层设计、资源有效配置、利用最大化,促进科技期刊事业的可持续发展。</p

Occurrence and Integrated Control of Disease and Pests of Orchard in Wangdonggou Watershed

长武王东沟杏园虫害为李小食心虫、桑白蚧 ,病害为杏疔病 ,苹果树上的害虫为桃小食心虫。李小在杏园中4月中旬出土 ,6月初达到为害高峰期 ,桑白蚧 5月上旬为卵孵化高峰期 ,桃小食心虫越冬代幼虫出土高峰期在 6月 7日左右 ,第一代幼虫孵化高峰期在 6月 2 5日到 7月 1日之间 ,第二代幼虫孵化高峰期发生在 8月 15日左右。在防治上主要抓住越冬幼虫出土期、幼虫脱果期、幼虫孵化期进行地面喷药和树上喷药 ,同时结合成虫诱杀、套袋等措施。对杏疔病的防治采取人工销毁病枝和药剂防治的办

卒中患者病历出院小结现状及其与住院医师规范化培训的相关性研究 Study on Discharge Summary Quality Analysis of Stroke Patients and Its’ Association with Standardized Training for Resident Doctors

目的 调查卒中患者病历出院小结现状，以及住院医师规范化培训与出院小结的关系，梳理目前存在的问题，为下一步制定针对性改善措施提供可靠数据。 方法 本研究通过调查一个区域性高级卒中中心连续2个月出院卒中患者病历的出院小结，利用标准病历书写质量（针对书写内容重要元素完整性及质量等7项内容，总分10分）及卒中病历质量评分（包括卒中类型、病因分型、诊疗经过及用药、并发症描述、出院时神经功能评估、预后评估、进一步诊断检查建议、出院用药指导、出院血压及血脂控制目标及治疗随访建议11个项目，每项目计1分，共计11分）对其进行定量评估，了解其现状，总结存在的问题，并比较经过神经专科一阶段培训和未经过培训的住院医师在书写出院小结中暴露的问题差异。 结果 共收集卒中患者病历出院小结105份，分别来自6位不同年资的住院医师。标准病历书写质量总体得分为6～10分，平均得分为（9±1）分，＞8分比例为83.8%（88/105），最低分为6分（1份）。主要不达标部分在出院医嘱中关于复诊时间及复查项目方面，比例为50.5%（53/105）。卒中病历质量总体得分为4～10分，平均分为（7±1）分，≥7分比例为76.2%（80/105），不达标比例项最高在血压、血脂控制目标部分，达标比例分别只有6.7%（7/105）和1.0%（1/105）。经过神经专科一阶段培训的高年资住院医师组和未经过培训的低年资住院医师组标准病历书写质量得分均为（9±1）分（P=0.753），各子项得分差异也无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）；两组卒中病历质量评分均为（7±1）分（P=0.335），但在卒中病历质量评分的子项中关于进一步诊疗计划方面，高年资住院医师组书写质量达标比例较低年资住院医师组稍高（95.6% vs. 78.4%，P=0.016）。 结论 卒中患者病历出院小结书写质量整体尚可，但具体危险因素控制指标及进一步诊疗随访计划等书写质量还有待于进一步提高。住院医师培养方面，在住院医师专科培训中要突出卒中病历内涵书写的重要性。 Abstract: Objective To investigate the current situation of discharge summary of stroke patients, as well as the relationship between standardized training of resident doctors and discharge summary, to clarify the existing problems, and to provide reliable data for formulating targeted improvement measures in the next step. Methods This study examined the discharge summary of the medical records of stroke patients discharged during the continuous 2 months from a regional advanced stroke center. The criteria for case quality scales (including 7 items about integrity and quality of important elements of writing content, 10 points in total) and stroke medical record quality scores (including stroke type, etiology classification, diagnosis and treatment process and medication, complication description, neurological function evaluation at discharge, prognosis evaluation, further diagnosis and examination suggestions, discharge medication guidance, discharge blood pressure and lipid control objectives and treatment follow-up suggestions, 1 points for each item, 11 points in total) were used to evaluate the cases we collected by two stroke neurologists independently. To understand the current situation, summarize the existing problems, and compare the differences between residents who were before and after neurology first-stage training. Results A total of 105 cases were included into analysis, which were written by 6 residents at different levels. The overall score for standard medical record writing quality ranged from 6-10, and the average score was 9±1. Most of them were above 8 points (83.8%, 88/105) . One case got the lowest score of 6 points. 50.5% (53/105) of them have some defect on suggestions after discharge, as well as follow up time. The overall score for stroke medical history quality score ranged from 4-10, and the average score was 7±1. 76.2% (80/105) were 7 points and above. Of the items included, treatment goals for blood pressure and lipid ranking last, only 6.7% (7/105) and 1.0% (1/105) reached the standard, individually. The scores of standard medical record writing quality of senior residents who had received first-stage training in neurology and those of junior residents who had not received training were (9±1) points (P=0.753) , and there was no significant difference in the scores of each sub-item (P > 0.05) . The quality scores of stroke patients medical records in both groups were (7±1) points (P=0.335) . However, in terms of the stroke patients medical records quality score for further diagnostic, the writing quality of the senior residents was slightly higher than junior residents (95.6% vs. 78.4%, P=0.016) . Conclusions The general stroke case discharge summary is acceptable, but need further improvement in content, especially for the treatment goals in cardiovascular risk factors, as well as in further follow up. In terms of residency training, the importance of writing stroke medical records should be highlighted in the residency training in the future

彩巢计划——“成长在中国”

随着中国进入老龄化社会,人口生育政策逐步放开,揭示脑与行为毕生发展的一般规律和常规模式(常模)正成为公共卫生和人口健康领域的重大基础需求.本文介绍&quot;中国彩巢计划&quot;(Chinese Color Nest Project&mdash;CCNP)这一在全国范围内分期分步地开展的项目规划,在10年(2013~2022年:http://zuolab.psych.ac.cn/colornest.html)内CCNP将积累毕生发展各年龄段的心理行为与脑影像样本,基于加速纵向实验设计方法建立中国人脑毕生发展的常模轨线.作为CCNP的发育项目&quot;成长在中国&quot;(dev CCNP:Growing Up in China)这一学龄儿童青少年脑与行为生长曲线项目,dev CCNP已经完成对重庆北碚区192名健康儿童青少年(6~18岁)的5年追踪.初步的研究结果表明,dev CCNP在实验设计、样本采集策略、数据获取和存储、初步发现和数据共享等方面具备长期实施的可行性,我国应及早部署开展儿童青少年的脑与认知生长曲线常模的大规模脑科学研究计划,提升中国在脑科学与医疗健康研究领域的国际实力和影响力,革新脑疾病临床实践.&nbsp