小鼠岛叶皮质5型代谢型谷氨酸受体对神经病理性疼痛的调控作用

目的:通过保留性神经损伤(SNI)模型,探索神经病理性疼痛发生后,岛叶皮质(IC)中FOS蛋白和5型代谢型谷氨酸受体(m Glu R5)及其下游分子的表达变化,并观察对岛叶皮质局部应用m Glu R5激动剂DHPG和拮抗剂MPEP对动物疼痛行为的影响。方法:将健康成年的雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为SNI组和假手术组(Sham组),SNI组采用SNI模型制造神经病理性疼痛模型。造模后通过机械痛行为学检测造模是否成功,通过免疫荧光染色检测岛叶皮质FOS蛋白的表达变化,通过Western Blot检测小鼠IC中m Glu R5和下游分子p-ERK与PI3K的表达变化;通过埋管注射的方式向实验组与假手术组IC内给予m Glu R5拮抗剂MPEP与激动剂DHPG,观察两种药物对小鼠机械性痛行为的影响。结果:SNI术后,小鼠的机械性痛的痛阈出现明显下降,并可维持至术后4周。免疫荧光组织化学染色结果显示:与假手术组相比,SNI组小鼠在术后1、2周IC中FOS蛋白表达增加(P<0.05)。Western Blot检测岛叶皮质m Glu R5及其下游分子p-ERK、PI3K的表达结果显示:术后SNI组m Glu R5表达水平相比假手术组增高(P<0.05),SNI组p-ERK表达水平相比假手术组增高(P<0.05),而PI3K仅在第2周时出现升高(P<0.05)。IC内置管给予MPEP后假手术组小鼠痛阈出现下降(P<0.05),而给予DHPG后SNI组的痛阈出现升高(P<0.05)。结论:小鼠IC中m Glu R5参与神经病理性疼痛的发生或调控,并且IC中m Glu R5表现出抑制性作用。在SNI后m Glu R5出现保护性增高,而m Glu R5激动剂DHPG可起到镇痛作用。国家自然科学基金项目(81671095,31371126);;厦门大学校长基金(20720170106);;陕西省科技攻关课题(2016YFJH2-04

髓磷脂抑制因子Nogo-A及其受体在缺血性脑卒中中的作用及机制研究进展

作为临床常见的中枢神经系统血管性疾病,缺血性脑卒中具有发病率高、死亡率高、致残率高的\"三高\"特点[1]。从临床资料来看,脑卒中具有非常复杂的病理生理过程,其中一个重要原因是由于脑缺血再灌注后发生大脑局部缺血缺氧,造成组织细胞损伤,比如神经元损伤、轴突生长抑制等,导致运动、感觉、学习和记忆等神经功能障碍[2]。现有研究成果证明,髓磷脂抑制因子Nogo-A及其受体广泛存在于哺国家自然科学基金(81501207,81471265,31570845);;陕西省专项科研计划项目(16JK1645);;陕西省自然科学基金重大基础研究项目(2016ZDJC-16

Two Newly Recorded Species of Dalbergia L.f.(Leguminosae) from China

报道了2种黄檀属植物,即绒叶黄檀(Dalbergia velutina Benth.)和卵叶黄檀(D.ovata Graham ex Benth.)在中国云南的分布新记录。Two leguminous species of Dalbergia velutina Benth. and D. ovata Graham ex Benth. are newly recorded from Yunnan Province, China.国家自然科学基金项目(31270248,31070176)资助~

纳米级载药微泡的制备及其超声介导下的抑瘤研究

具有超声造影剂和药物载体双重功能的聚乳酸(PLA)微泡存在着载药率较低以及不能有效地透过肿瘤组织等缺点.对此,以PLA和卵磷脂为药物载体,采用改良的超声复乳法制备载紫杉醇的PLA-卵磷脂纳米级微泡.考察了卵磷脂对载药微泡理化特性(包括:形态、粒径、载药量、包封率和体外释药特性)的影响,利用X-射线衍射分析(XRD)考察了药物在微泡中的状态,最后在超声介导下对荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤率进行了研究.结果表明,卵磷脂与PLA质量比为50∶250时可制备得到平均粒径615 nm、内部空心的纳米级微泡,药物包封率达(90.90±5.79)%,载药率为(8.26±0.53)%,紫杉醇以无定型状态分布在微泡的壳中.微泡的体外药物释放具有缓释、零级释放以及超声介导加快药物释放的特性,而通过对H22肝癌荷瘤小鼠的实验研究表明,相对于紫杉醇针剂而言,超声介导下载药PLA-卵磷脂纳米级微泡注射剂能减小对小鼠的毒副作用,提高抑瘤率

Preparation and Characterization of “Water-in-Salt” Polymer Electrolyte for Lithium-Ion Batteries

为提高柔性锂离子电池安全性和循环稳定性能,本实验以自由基聚合结合冷冻干燥得到的聚丙烯酰胺膜为电解质载体,引入21 mol·kg-1 LiTFSI 高浓度电解液,得到“water-in-salt”聚合物电解质。通过聚合物膜的形貌和孔道结构表征,红外光谱分析,离子电导率及电化学稳定窗口测试等对其基本物化特性进行了研究。冷冻干燥得到的聚丙烯酰胺膜内部具有大量微孔结构,有利于电解液的载入。将该吸附了电解液的聚合物电解质膜与锰酸锂(LiMn2O4)正极和磷酸钛锂(LiTi2(PO4)3)负极组装全电池进行充放电性能测试。结果表明,制得的柔性聚合物电解质具有良好的拉伸性能,高离子电导率(20°C,4.34 mS·cm-1)和宽电化学稳定窗口(3.12 V)。以“water-in-salt”聚合物电解质为隔膜组装的LiMn2O4||LiTi2(PO4)3 全电池表现出优异的倍率性能和长循环稳定性。Since the development of wearable and flexible electronic products, the demand of flexible energy storage devices such as batteries and super capacitors is in urgent. To enhance the safety and cycling stability for flexible lithium-ion batteries, “water-in-salt” polymer electrolyte was prepared by introducing 21 mol·kg-1 LiTFSI electrolyte into cross-linked polyacrylamide (PAM) after freeze-drying. A great amount of holes with the size range of 10 ~ 20 μm can be found on the surface and in the bulk of polyacrylamide, which is benefited from the freeze-drying process and acts as a great support for the electrolyte uptake. The “water-in-salt” polymer electrolyte showed good tensile property, high ionic conductivity (4.34 mS·cm-1 at 20℃), and broadened electrochemical stability window (ESW, 3.12 V). Comparing the FTIR spectra of PAM, “water-in-salt” electrolyte (WiSE) and WiSE-PAM, the signal that can be assigned to H-O bending mode transfered from 3186 cm-1 in PAM to higher wavenumber of 3560 cm-1 in WiSE-PAM. Therefore, it can be inferred that the amide group in PAM participates in the Li+ solvation sheath in WiSE-PAM electrolyte, due to the hydrogen bond between amide group and water. On the one hand, the Li+ solvation sheath can transfer through the polymer bone and the liquid in the hole, resulting in high ionic conductivity. On the other hand, due to the hydrogen bond between amide group in PAM bone and free water, the enrichment of free water along the polymer bone can be obtained. Therefore, the free water content on the electrode surface is reduced, resulting in expanded ESW. With this polymer electrolyte, LiMn2O4||LiTi2(PO4)3 full cell showed high initial charge/discharge capacity (68.1/62.1 mAh·g-1) and coulombic efficiency (91.2%) at 1 C. The high capacity retention of 94.2% (with discharge capacity of 58.5 mAh·g-1) could be obtained after 100 cycles. To evaluate the rate capability, the cells were charged and discharged at different current densities varying from 1 C to 30 C. The remarkable capacity of 28.1 mAh·g-1 was still retained even at 30 C. After the rate test, the current was decreased back to 1 C, there was still 99.2% of the initial capacity could be recovered. In addition, when cycling at 10 C rate, 79% of the initial capacity was retained even over 5000 cycles. There results demonstrate that the full cell also showed superior rate capability and long-term cycling stability. This work offers an idea for the electrolyte design with high safety to enable the application of high-performance aqueous lithium-ion batteries in flexible electronics.通讯作者:李劼E-mail:[email protected]:JieLiE-mail:[email protected] Muenster (HI MS), IEK-12,Muenster 481492.四川大学化工学院,四川 成都 6100653.Politecnico di Milano, Department of Energy, Milano 201561. Helmholtz-Institute Muenster (HI MS), IEK-12,Muenster 48149, Germany2. School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China3. Politecnico di Milano,Department of Energy, Milano 20156, Ital

Technical advances in space cell bioreactor

为了研究空间微重力环境对生命系统的影响,在空间进行细胞生物学实验是不可或缺的环节。空间细胞生物反应器作为支持空间生命科学研究的重要技术手段,直接影响到空间实验数据的质量和研究水平。迄今为止,空间细胞生物反应器技术仍在发展之中.,尚无统一标准。综述空间细胞生物反应器发展的现状,介绍几类典型空间细胞生物反应器的工作原理,着重分析培养液供应方式和空间流体力学环境的特点,并简要分析对温度、溶氧、溶液PH值等过程参数控制及在线显微观测技术,以期探讨空间生物反应器的未来发展方向。</p

我国科技期刊媒体融合制约因素及突破路径探析

目的 分析并探讨我国科技期刊媒体深度融合的制约因素及突破路径。方法 通过文献调研、案例分析与对比,基于政策导向、专家意见及期刊现实情况,对期刊的发展现状进行归纳与分析。结果 系统梳理了制约我国科技期刊媒体融合的4个主要因素,提出可从5个方面进行融合转型升级路径探索。 结论 制约我国科技期刊媒体融合的因素主要包括管理机制与相关政策、人才与团队构建、先进技术与内容产品、发展资金等。要实现科技期刊与新媒体的深度融合,应坚持&ldquo;五位一体&rdquo;的融合路径:坚持正确的理念、思维及意识;组建&ldquo;领军人才+专才&rdquo;的团队或联盟;构建立体化网络平台与全媒体产业链,形成传播媒体矩阵;用技术外包实现近期内容创新,同时加大技术自主研发力度,以掌握深度融合的主动权;管理运营要注重顶层设计、资源有效配置、利用最大化,促进科技期刊事业的可持续发展。</p

基因编辑的法律与伦理问题

跨域同仁聚焦公共话题,本辑围绕基因编辑的法律与伦理议题,各位学者基于不同的立场与视角做出不同的评议。为尊重言论,兹实录对话,仅做最低限度的技术处理