Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification(LAMP) for Detection of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris in Foods

目的:利用环介导等温扩增技术建立食品中酸土环脂芽孢杆菌快速检测方法。方法:针对酸土环脂芽孢杆菌16S序列设计特异引物,再优选反应体系,用显色法检测实验结果。结果:该方法能够在63℃条件下1 H内检出食品中酸土环脂芽孢杆菌,所设计的引物有良好的特异性;灵敏度达6.7 Cfu/M l(弱阳性)。结论:该方法具有高效、特异性强和敏感性高等特点,可满足酸土环脂芽孢杆菌快速检测筛选的要求。Purpose: A loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP) method was established for the detection of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris in foods.Methods: After optimization of the reaction conditions of LAMP including the concentrations of primers, reaction time and amplification temperature, the LAMP method was developed, and its sensitivity and specificity were evaluated.Results: The method was capable of rapidly and specifically detecting A.acidoterrestris in foods within 1 hour at a constant temperature of 63 ℃.The sensitivity of the method was 6.7 CFU/m L and the specificity was 100%.Conclusions: The LAMP method is efficient, highly sensitive and specific, and suitable for the rapid detection of A.acidoterrestris in various food samples.福建省漳州市自然科学基金项目(ZZ2012J16

Genomic Insights into the Formation of Human Populations in East Asia

厦门大学人类学研究所、厦门大学生命科学学院细胞应激生物学国家重点实验室王传超教授课题组与哈佛医学院David Reich教授团队合作，联合全球43个单位的85位共同作者组成的国际合作团队通过古DNA精细解析东亚人群形成历史。研究人员利用古DNA数据检验了东亚地区农业和语言共扩散理论，综合考古学、语言学等证据，该研究系统性地重构了东亚人群的形成、迁徙和混合历史。这是目前国内开展的东亚地区最大规模的考古基因组学研究，此次所报道的东亚地区古人基因组样本量是以往国内研究机构所发表的样本量总和的两倍，改变了东亚地区尤其是中国境内考古基因组学研究长期滞后的局面。 该研究是由王传超教授团队与哈佛医学院（David Reich教授）、德国马普人类历史科学研究所（Johannes Krause教授）、复旦大学现代人类学教育部重点实验室（李辉教授和金力院士）、维也纳大学进化人类学系（Ron Pinhasi副教授）、南洋理工大学人文学院（Hui-Yuan Yeh助理教授）、俄罗斯远东联邦大学科学博物馆（Alexander N Popov研究员）、西安交通大学（张虎勤教授）、蒙古国国家博物馆研究中心、乌兰巴托国立大学考古系、华盛顿大学人类学系、台湾成功大学考古所、加州大学人类学系等全球43个单位的85位共同作者组成的国际合作团队联合完成的。厦门大学人类学研究所、厦门大学生命科学学院细胞应激生物学国家重点实验室为论文第一完成单位。厦门大学人类学研究所韦兰海副教授、胡荣助理教授、郭健新博士后、何光林博士后和杨晓敏硕士参与了研究工作。The deep population history of East Asia remains poorly understood due to a lack of ancient DNA data and sparse sampling of present-day people1,2. We report genome-wide data from 166 East Asians dating to 6000 BCE-1000 CE and 46 present-day groups. Hunter-gatherers from Japan, the Amur River Basin, and people of Neolithic and Iron Age Taiwan and the Tibetan plateau are linked by a deeply-splitting lineage likely reflecting a Late Pleistocene coastal migration. We follow Holocene expansions from four regions. First, hunter-gatherers of Mongolia and the Amur River Basin have ancestry shared by Mongolic and Tungusic language speakers but do not carry West Liao River farmer ancestry contradicting theories that their expansion spread these proto-languages. Second, Yellow River Basin farmers at ～3000 BCE likely spread Sino-Tibetan languages as their ancestry dispersed both to Tibet where it forms up ～84% to some groups and to the Central Plain where it contributed ～59-84% to Han Chinese. Third, people from Taiwan ～1300 BCE to 800 CE derived ～75% ancestry from a lineage also common in modern Austronesian, Tai-Kadai and Austroasiatic speakers likely deriving from Yangtze River Valley farmers; ancient Taiwan people also derived ～25% ancestry from a northern lineage related to but different from Yellow River farmers implying an additional north-to-south expansion. Fourth, Yamnaya Steppe pastoralist ancestry arrived in western Mongolia after ～3000 BCE but was displaced by previously established lineages even while it persisted in western China as expected if it spread the ancestor of Tocharian Indo-European languages. Two later gene flows affected western Mongolia: after ～2000 BCE migrants with Yamnaya and European farmer ancestry, and episodic impacts of later groups with ancestry from Turan.We thank David Anthony, Ofer Bar-Yosef, Katherine Brunson, Rowan Flad, Pavel Flegontov,Qiaomei Fu, Wolfgang Haak, Iosif Lazaridis, Mark Lipson, Iain Mathieson, Richard Meadow,Inigo Olalde, Nick Patterson, Pontus Skoglund, Dan Xu, and the four reviewers for valuable comments. We thank Naruya Saitou and the Asian DNA Repository Consortium for sharing genotype data from present-day Japanese groups. We thank Toyohiro Nishimoto and Takashi Fujisawa from the Rebun Town Board of Education for sharing the Funadomari Jomon samples, and Hideyo Tanaka and Watru Nagahara from the Archeological Center of Chiba City who are excavators of the Rokutsu Jomon site. The excavations at Boisman-2 site (Boisman culture), the Pospelovo-1 site (Yankovsky culture), and the Roshino-4 site (Heishui Mohe culture) were funded by the Far Eastern Federal University and the Institute of History,Archaeology and Ethnology Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; research on Pospelovo-1 is funded by RFBR project number 18-09-40101. C.C.W was funded by the Max Planck Society, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 31801040), the Nanqiang Outstanding Young Talents Program of Xiamen University (X2123302), the Major project of National Social Science Foundation of China (20&ZD248), a European Research Council (ERC) grant to Dan Xu (ERC-2019-ADG-883700-TRAM) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (ZK1144). O.B. and Y.B. were funded by Russian Scientific Foundation grant 17-14-01345. H.M. was supported by the grant JSPS 16H02527. M.R. and C.C.W received funding from the ERC under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant No 646612) to M.R. The research of C.S. is supported 30 by the Calleva Foundation and the Human Origins Research Fund. H.L was funded NSFC (91731303, 31671297), B&R International Joint Laboratory of Eurasian Anthropology (18490750300). J.K. was funded by DFG grant KR 4015/1-1, the Baden Württemberg Foundation, and the Max Planck Institute. Accelerator Mass Spectrometry radiocarbon dating work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) (BCS-1460369) to D.J.K. and B.J.C. D.R. was funded by NSF grant BCS-1032255, NIH (NIGMS) grant GM100233, the Paul M. Allen Frontiers Group, John Templeton Foundation grant 61220, a gift from Jean-Francois Clin, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. 该研究得到了国家自然科学基金“中国东南各族群的遗传混合”、国家社科基金重大项目“多学科视角下的南岛语族的起源和形成研究”、厦门大学南强青年拔尖人才支持计划A类、中央高校基本科研业务费等资助

铬酸钾碳酸化回收钾碱的初步研究

探讨了铬酸钾碳酸化制备钾碱的反应过程中铬酸钾初始浓度、二氧化碳分压和反应温度对碳酸化结果的影响. 结果表明,在铬酸钾浓度为40%、二氧化碳分压0.6 Mpa、反应终点温度18oC的条件下, 所得碳酸氢钾的浓度可达225 g/L以上. 并推导了其反应机理和动力学方程

铬酸钠与氯化钠的分离

研究了铬酸钠和氯化钠双饱和溶液在不同温度下的液相组成 ,提出了铬酸钠与氯化钠分离的新方法 ,并根据相图 ,确定了分离操作的工艺条件和循环流程。实验结果表明 ,重结晶法对除去铬酸钠中的氯化钠是有效可行

铬酸钾碳酸化回收钾碱的初步研究

探讨了铬酸钾碳酸化制备钾碱的反应过程中铬酸钾初始浓度、二氧化碳分压和反应温度对碳酸化结果的影响. 结果表明,在铬酸钾浓度为40%、二氧化碳分压0.6 Mpa、反应终点温度18oC的条件下, 所得碳酸氢钾的浓度可达225 g/L以上. 并推导了其反应机理和动力学方程

铬酸钾碳酸化回收钾碱的初步研究

探讨了铬酸钾碳酸化制备钾碱的反应过程中铬酸钾初始浓度、二氧化碳分压和反应温度对碳酸化结果的影响. 结果表明,在铬酸钾浓度为40%、二氧化碳分压0.6 Mpa、反应终点温度18oC的条件下, 所得碳酸氢钾的浓度可达225 g/L以上. 并推导了其反应机理和动力学方程

浓碱溶液中氯化钠的吸附分离

用自制的新型吸附剂从浓氢氧化钠溶液中吸附分离氯化钠，确定了吸附时间、碱液浓度、吸附剂用量、吸附温度等影响，结果表明，该吸附剂对浓碱溶液中的氯化钠有良好的吸附分离效果，且容易洗脱，重复使用１０次以上仍具有较好的吸附性能

“跨界融合子” 审理对我们的启示:审稿案例分析

通过分析典型审稿案例 ,揭示审稿活动的科学本质。 科学的可批评性使审稿成为可能和必要。审稿人应首先审核 论文中结果的可重复性条件。划清科学实践与经验的界限是 正确审稿的必要理论准备 ,论文结果的价值判断应以 “材料和 方法” 的可靠性为前提。学术期刊编辑应充分重视审稿人的意 见 ,防止 “轰动效应” 干扰自己的正常判断力。审稿活动中的 “马太效应” 可以成为推进科学进步的动力 ,使已有科学理论体 系的 “潜能” 得到充分揭示 ,使真正具有生命力的科学新芽在脱 颖而出时已扎根深土 ,格外茁壮

EM Design of a f =325 MHz, =0:52 Double Spoke Superconducting Cavity

中国科学院近代物理研究所设计的工作频率为325 MHz、最优为0.52的双柱超导Spoke 腔的电磁已经完成。详细地描述了Spoke 基部横截面形状和大小对腔体射频性能的影响,采用了跑道形来取代通常的圆形Spoke 基部截面。从归一化峰值电磁场和分路阻抗两方面出发,比较了横截面为横向跑道和纵向跑道的Spoke 基部。Spoke 基部横截面的形状为横向跑道时能得到较好的射频参数,满足中国ADS(C-ADS)的工程需求。最后利用CST 粒子工作室对得到的腔体进行了二次电子倍增分析,在工作电压附近不存在二次电子倍增,验证了该腔体形状的可行性。<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">The EM design of a 325 MHz beta = 0.52 superconducting double Spoke cavity has been finished at Institute of Modern Physics (IMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS). In this paper, the optimization of the Spoke base is described in detail. The goal is to minimize the peak surface field and maximize the shunt impedance. The common cylinder is replaced by the racetrack shape for the Spoke base. The transverse racetrack Spoke base can offer a better RF property than the longitudinal racetrack Spoke base, which meet the requirement of the C-ADS. The simulation of multipactor finished by CST Particle Studio is also presented, which gives a promising result that there is no multipactor around working voltage.</span