[[alternative]]Evaluation of Middle-Frequency Electrical Stimulation on Meridian and Fatigue Syndrome for Hemodialysis Patients

[[abstract]]皮膚在接受外在刺激後的信息傳遞是一種中醫經絡現象，經絡腧穴是電流、光、聲音的良好傳導路徑，電刺激是一種非侵入性、非藥物性的物理治療方式，會造成身體組織化學及神經層面的改變，對人體產生不同的療效，經絡與電刺激的結合是中醫針灸理論的延伸應用。良導絡診斷儀主要是依據皮膚表面電阻測定法之原理而設計，利用人體十二經絡左右共24個穴位之良導值，簡易快速精準的檢測人體生理功能興奮或障礙等狀態的評估，以得知人體健康狀態。本研究以血液透析患者為研究對象，實施每次15分鐘，共16次的中頻電刺激於雙側之湧泉穴與三陰交穴，並於介入措施實施前、介入措施後第四週及第八週，以良導絡診斷儀檢測十二經絡能量值、台灣版簡明疲憊量表及中文版匹茲堡睡眠品質指標量表進行成效評值。研究結果顯示血液透析患者實驗組之上下比值在介入措施第四週與第八週後均較介入措施前顯著降低，疲憊感受程度與疲憊對生活干擾程度在介入措施後第四週與第八週均較介入措施前顯著改善，睡眠品質總分在介入措施第八週後較介入措施前顯著改善。實驗組之十二經絡能量與對照組比較，在介入措施第四週後左右肺經、左右心包經、左右心經、左右小腸經、左三焦經、左脾經、左肝經、左腎經、左右膀胱經、左膽經、整體平均值與左血右氣平均值，此17項經絡能量值變化之統計結果皆較對照組顯著提升；在介入措施第八週後，實驗組之右肺經與左膽經統計結果皆較對照組顯著提升。本研究結果顯示中頻電刺激局部穴位後能調節經絡能量，使機體上盛下虛的狀態趨於平衡，對於大多偏屬虛證的血液透析患能提高其經絡能量數據，讓患者處於較覺醒的狀態。[[abstract]]The skin is a kind of Chinese medicine meridian phenomenon in the information transmission of accepting after stimulating externally. Chinese medicine meridian is conducting the route well of electric current, light, and sound good conduction way. Electricity stimulation is one kind of non - intrusional and non- medicine physical therapy way. It will cause the body organize the changes of chemistry and neural aspect, produce different curative effect to the human body. This study take the hemodialysis patient as the object , and implementation each time 15 minutes, total 16 times electricity stimulation in both legs of Yungchuan and Sanyingjao . It measures value with the Ryodoraku bio-energy test, Taiwanese version of the Brief Fatigue Inventory and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index does for the effect commenting value before the measure of getting involved is mplemented, get involved in the fourth week and the eighth week after the measure. The result of study shows that the data of the ratio from top to bottom in the Chinese medicine meridian , fatigue severity and fatigue interference with dialy have significant difference in the experiment group is getting involved the fourth week and the eighth week, and the data sleep quality have significant difference in the experiment group is getting involved the eighth week. After the fourth week of measure of getting involved, the collateral channels energy of the right and left lung meridian, right and left pericardium meridian, right and left heart meridian, right and left small intestines meridian, left triple energizer, left spleen meridian, left liver gallbladder, left kidney meridian, right and left bladder meridian, left Gallbladder meridian and the elevation of bio-energy value have significant difference in the experiment group is compared with the control group. And after getting involved in the eighth week of measure, the collateral channels energy of right lung meridian and left gallbladder meridian have significant difference in the experiment group is compared with the control group. This result of study shows the intermediate frequency electricity stimulates some point can regulate collateral channels energy, make the body state tend towards the balance and awakening

Physical health care monitoring for people with serious mental illness

Background Current guidance suggests that we should monitor the physical health of people with serious mental illness and there has been a significant financial investment over recent years to provide this. Objectives To assess the effectiveness of physical health monitoring as a means of reducing morbidity, mortality and reduction in quality of life in people with serious mental illness. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (October 2009) which is based on regular searches of CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO. Selection criteria All randomised or quasi-randomised clinical trials focusing on physical health monitoring versus standard care or comparing i) self monitoring vs monitoring by health care professional; ii) simple vs complex monitoring; iii) specific vs non-specific checks iv) once only vs regular checks or v) comparison of different guidance. Data collection and analysis The authors (GT, AC, SM) independently screened search results and identified three studies as possibly fulfilling the review's criteria. On examination, however, all three were subsequently excluded. Main results We did not identify any randomised trials which assessed the effectiveness of physical health monitoring in people with serious mental illness. Authors' conclusions There is no evidence from randomised trials to support current guidance and practice. Guidance and practice are based on expert consensus, clinical experience and good intentions rather than high quality evidenc

植物模式标本的考证与数字化:以中国国家植物标本馆为例

模式标本是最重要的植物标本,是确定植物学名的依据,是植物分类学家从事植物系统分类研究必不可少的科学材料,也是开展专科专属研究、编写国家或地方植物志、进行植物区系调查研究、开发利用和保护植物资源的重要基本资料。但模式标本的人为和自然毁损难以避免,模式标本及其标签信息的数字化使得模式标本的形态、地理分布、采集等主要信息得到最大限度的永久保存,可以极大地方便模式标本信息的共享,可以为科学研究人员或相关人员提供植物形态、地理分布、历史变迁等多方面的信息。本文以中国科学院植物研究所国家植物标本馆维管束植物模式标本数字化建设为例,详细介绍了规范化整理模式标本的方法、模式标本数字化的操作流程,并通过大量实例介绍了模式标本考订的过程、常见问题的处理方法等,以期为其他单位开展模式标本数字化建设提供经验

General physical health advice for people with serious mental illness

There is currently much focus on provision of general physical health advice to people with serious mental illness and there has been increasing pressure for services to take responsibility for providing this. For the comparison of physical healthcare advice versus standard care we identified five studies (total n = 884) of limited quality. For measures of quality of life one trial found no difference (n = 54, 1 RCT, MD Lehman scale 0.00 CI -0.67 to 0.67) but another did (n = 407, 1 RCT, MD Quality of Life Medical Outcomes Scale - mental component 3.7 CI 1.7 to 5.6). There was no difference between groups for the outcome of death (n = 407, 1 RCT, RR 1.3 CI 0.3 to 6.0), for the outcome of uptake of ill-health prevention services, one study found percentages significantly greater in the advice group (n = 363, 1 RCT, MD 36.9 CI 33.1 to 40.7). Economic data were equivocal. Attrition was large (> 30%) but similar for both groups (n = 884, 5 RCTs, RR 1.18 CI 0.97 to 1.43). Comparisons of one type of physical healthcare advice with another were grossly underpowered and equivocal