92 research outputs found

    晚清东北海疆驻防体系变革考析

    Get PDF
    清廷在第二次鸦片战争之后,开始着手恢复在东北边疆的统治秩序,其首要即是变革东北的驻防体系。在此变革过程中,清廷对于东北海疆驻防体系的革新最具特色,不仅在旅顺新设北洋海军军港,在吉林设立靖边水师营,而且亦在沿海诸海口增设驻防力量,革新旧有操练之法。晚清时期东北海疆驻防体系的变革从深层次原因来看,一方面是内忧外患相结合的结果,即对外防俄,对内剿匪;另一方面清廷主动作为,在近代东北亚国际关系巨变之际维系以清王朝为中心的宗藩体系

    以生物多樣性指標評估集水區崩塌地治理優選順序

    Get PDF
    The abundance of endemic species in Taiwan is a great natural treasure accomplished by a diverse altitude ranges due to violent tectonic activities and humid tropical weather conditions with ocean surrounded. With the characteristics of few flatlands, the slope lands are inevitable and have been developed for economic and social requirement gradually, which has caused habitation shrinking of animal and plant. Furthermore, Taiwan also suffers disasters such as striking of torrential rains and typhoons during summer season annually, and is vulnerable to landslide because of fragile geology which threats to the living things. Thus, to enhance the efficiency of vegetation recovery in landslide area can benefit the habitats of species. Typhoon Morakot induced landslides and vegetation recovery rate in Kao-Ping watershed can be quickly extracted and/or derived from the satellite images in this study. The biodiversity index established in the database of the watershed can then be applied to assess the treatment priority of landslides. The result shows that the highest landslide rate in Chi-Shan and Lao-Nong watersheds are Xiao-Lin and Ching-Shui Xi sub-watersheds respectively. For vegetation recovery rate, the downstream area is higher than upstream area. For treatment priority, the top 10 of sub-watersheds almost distribute in Lao-Nong watershed. It hopes that the result could provide the related authorities as the references of environmental restoration.台灣雖位處北回歸線,但因造山運動拱起4,000 公尺海拔落差,使台灣物種跨越熱帶、溫帶及寒帶,且四面環海及高溫多雨之島嶼氣候,孕育出許多台灣特有種生物,然台灣因高山多、平地少,在高人口密度下,居民為了生活不得不開發山坡地之原始森林,此舉壓縮了動、植物之生存空間,此外,台灣山高且地質破碎,夏季之暴雨或颱風易造成大規模之崩塌,除對當地居民造成威脅外,亦影響其他物種之生存環境,為此,如何加速崩塌地之植生復育,將有助於恢復各物種之棲地。本研究以莫拉克風災為事件,利用該事件前後期之衛星影像萃取集水區崩塌區位,另計算災後集水區植生復育良窳之熱點區位,最後以生物多樣性指數配合崩塌率及植生復育率評估集水區崩塌地治理之優選順序。研究結果顯示,旗山溪及荖濃溪集水區中崩塌率最高之子集水區分別為小林及清水溪;植生復育率則為下游高於上游區位;整體崩塌地治理優先順序中,得分最高之前10 處主要分布於荖濃溪集水區。期本研究之結果可作為相關生態保育單位於環境復育之參考

    蒿芩清胆汤及其拆方对湿热型流感病毒性肺炎及NF-κB水平的作用研究

    Get PDF
    目的:通过观察蒿芩清胆汤及其拆方对湿热型流感病毒性肺炎及NF-κB的干预作用,以期探讨其治疗机制。方法:通过气候仓、肥甘饮食加流感病毒滴鼻感染造模成功后,蒿芩清胆汤及其拆方组以相应中药干预,比较各组肺指数、光镜下病变程度半定量、肺组织NF-κB mRNA表达水平。结果:蒿芩清胆汤及其拆方均能不同程度降低肺指数、肺部病理改变及NF-κB mRNA表达水平,其中全方效果最佳。结论:蒿芩清胆汤具有抗湿热型流感病毒性肺炎的作用,其机制可能与抑制NF-κB活化从而减少其下游炎性细胞因子分泌,截断"炎症瀑布"效应有关

    熱力學與相圖之關係

    Get PDF
    This paper extends the notion of the rational agent in economics by acknowledging the role of the unconscious in the agent's decision-making process. It argues that the unconscious can be modelled by a rational agent with his own objective function and set of information. The combination of both the conscious and unconscious agents is called the dual agent. This dual agent presents rationally biased behaviors that may persist through aggregation and could be potentially measured. It also provides a theoretical approach to the emotionally-driven actions

    [[alternative]]大陳過臺灣 : 1950年代新移民的個案研究

    No full text
    碩士[[abstract]]  國共戰爭後期,國府退守台灣,但國共戰爭並沒有因此而結束,國府在浙東沿海和閩東沿海外仍保有許多「外島」。外島的功用在牽制共軍,阻礙中共在東南沿海一帶的發展。位於台州列島上的大陳島,為浙東沿海外島的中心據點。1953年韓戰結束後,中共將兵力集中於閩浙沿海,共軍於1954年起開始猛烈攻擊外島,1955年1月攻下「一江山」島,使大陳島岌岌可危,隨時可能被共軍攻陷。   當台海危機一觸即發時,美國方面建議國府放棄大陳,將軍力集中於台灣、澎湖,美國願意協助國府,進行「大陳撤退」的任務,命名為「金剛計畫」,由國軍與美國第七艦隊共同實施。金剛計畫在1955年2月7日開始,於2月12日順利完成,成功將浙東沿海外島的軍民物資,全體撤回台灣。一萬八千餘名的大陳居民,離開故鄉來到陌生的台灣,國府為感念大陳居民反共的義行,便稱其為「大陳義胞」。     國府為了照顧大陳義胞,特別成立「大陳地區來台義胞就業輔導委員會」來進行安置。政府在全台十二個縣市,興建了三十五個大陳新村,提供大陳義胞居住。同時以農、漁、工、商等職業,分別輔導義胞就業,希望義胞能夠在台灣落地生根。但政府的輔導措施,在很多方面都無法兼顧,導至大陳義胞的生活面臨困境,為了養家活口,大部份的人都再次離鄉背景,離開政府所安排的大陳新村,到外地去工作、跑船。本文將從大陳撤退開始,金剛計畫的進行,以及大陳人來台後,政府輔導措施的進行,輔導成效的優劣,進行探討。並將大陳人在台灣所遭遇到的困境,應對的方式和社會適應做一說明,進一步瞭解大陳人在台灣的生活情形,以期讓大陳人從故鄉到台灣的過程與經歷,能完整的呈現出來。[[abstract]]  At the later part of civil war between Nationalist and Communist, the Nationalist Government retreated to Taiwan, but the civil war did not end for it. Nationalist still held quite some off-shore island along the east cost of Chejiang and Fukien, which were used to attract the communist forces and to retard the development of Communist China along coastal area of South East China. Tachen Island, one of Taizhou Archipelago is a critical point at the offshore of eastern Chejiang. After the end of Korean War in 1953, Communist China concentrated forces at the coastal area of Chejiang and Fukien, and they started attacking off shore island in 1954 and in January, 1955, they took Yi Jiang Shan Island and exposed Tachen Island to the open fire of Communist China, who could take it anytime.   When the crisis in Taiwan Strait was at brink of volcano, US suggested the Nationalist to give up Tachen Island and concentrate forces in Taiwan and Penghu, where US would help Nationalist in retracting military and civilians to Taiwan and it was named as King Kong Project. It was conducted jointly by Nationalist forces and 7th Fleet of US. King Kong Project commenced on Feb. 7 and completed on Feb. 12, 1955 soundly, and the civilians, armed forces and their belongings and equipment were successfully removed to Taiwan. Civilians, in total number of 18,000 odd, Tachenians (Tachen people) left their home island and arrived at Taiwan, a place of total stranger to them. The Nationalist Government called them Loyal Tachenians to commemorate their loyalty to Nationalist and defied communist   For taking care of their livings, Nationalist Government established Employment Assistance Council for Loyal Citizens from Tachen Area” for their settlement. The government also built 35 Tachenian settlements all over Taiwan in every jurisdiction. At the same time, jobs in agriculture, fishing, industrial and commerce were offered for them to let them settled and rooted in Taiwan. But the policies and measures of the government did not work well in every aspect and they were in miseries, and for raising family, most of them were forced or lured to left the Tachen settlements arranged by the government to find jobs, such as sailors. This paper will study, beginning from the retreat of Tachen, the proceeding of King Kong Project, the Guidance Measure of the government after Tachenians are migrated into Taiwan as well the success and failure of such settlement measures. The miseries of Tachenians in Taiwan ought to be exposed to the public, so that the history and the process of migration may be presented to the public in its full features.[[tableofcontents]]緒 論----------------------------------------------------1 一、 研究動機與目的-----------------------------------1 二、 問題意識-----------------------------------------2 三、 文獻回顧-----------------------------------------3 四、 研究方法與史料介紹-------------------------------6 五、 論文主題的界定-----------------------------------7 第一章 原鄉大陳-----------------------------------------9 第一節 大陳島的自然環境、經濟型態與歷史沿革-------------9 第二節 國共戰爭時期的大陳島----------------------------17 第二章 從大陳到台灣------------------------------------32 第一節 大陳撤退的原因--------------------------------- 32 第二節 「金剛計劃」的實施------------------------------40 第三節 「飛龍計劃」的實施------------------------------48 第三章 安置與輔導--------------------------------------53 第一節 大陳義胞來台初期的安置--------------------------53 第二節 大陳新村的建立----------------------------------64 第三節 就業輔導措施------------------------------------93 第四章 大陳人在台灣-----------------------------------104 第一節 發展歷程---------------------------------------104 第二節 社會適應---------------------------------------140 第三節 大陳人與大陳文化-------------------------------150 結論----------------------------------------------------168 參考書目------------------------------------------------172 附錄----------------------------------------------------187 附錄一  大陳島撤防第八五特遣部隊每日行動紀綠表--------187 附錄二  大陳島村里地名對照表--------------------------189 附錄三  大陳大事年表----------------------------------190 附錄四  大陳新村分佈圖--------------------------------195 附錄五  大陳新村一覽表--------------------------------196 圖次目錄 圖1-1  台州列島地理形勢圖------------------------------10 圖1-2  上下大陳及一江山兵誌概要圖----------------------12 圖2-1  金剛計劃中美軍全般行動概要圖--------------------47 圖2-2  飛龍計劃指揮圖----------------------------------55 圖3-1  大陳義胞至基隆接待所時所拍之照片----------------57 圖3-2  宜蘭縣礁溪鄉成功新村----------------------------68 圖3-3  宜蘭縣頭城鎮忠孝新村街景------------------------68 圖3-4  花蓮縣花蓮市大陳一村----------------------------70 圖3-5  花蓮縣花蓮市大陳二村活動中心--------------------70 圖3-6  台東縣台東市披山新村村牌------------------------72 圖3-7  台東縣台東市漁山新村----------------------------73 圖3-8  台東縣大武鄉披星新村----------------------------73 圖3-9  屏東縣新園鄉中興新村----------------------------75 圖3-10  屏東縣高樹鄉日新新村活動中心--------------------76 圖3-11  高雄縣林園鄉力行新村----------------------------77 圖3-12  高雄縣阿蓮鄉再興新村----------------------------77 圖3-13  台南市明德里博愛新村----------------------------80 圖3-14  新竹市北區信義新村------------------------------80 圖3-15  高雄縣阿蓮鄉再興新村之公廁----------------------89 圖3-16  屏東縣枋寮鄉新龍新村新龍分校--------------------90 圖3-17  就地取地以當地石頭為建材(屏東縣百畝村)--------90 圖3-18  大陳新村主要是以磚房為主(高雄縣和平新村)------91 圖4-1  屏東縣新園鄉五房新村外之堤防-------------------106 圖4-2  台東縣大武鄉披星新村旁的堤防道路(朝庸溪)-----107 圖4-3  殘破不堪的克難新村,現己無大陳人居住(屏東縣里港鎮)----------------------------------------------------112 圖4-4  荒涼的鳳尾新村(屏東縣潮州鎮)-----------------113 圖4-5  披山新村的大陳婆婆(台東市豐田里)-------------113 圖4-6  和平新村之街景(高雄縣大社鄉)-----------------114 圖4-7  東振新墾區灌溉用抽水馬達(屏東縣高樹鄉)-------116 圖4-8  披星新村之衛生室(台東縣大武鄉)---------------129 圖4-9  梁普法從事海員之照片---------------------------133 圖4-10  南田新村內之石敢當(高雄縣茄萣鄉)-------------145 圖4-11  全台規模最大的大陳廟宇-白沙崙威武廟(茄萣鄉南田新村)----------------------------------------------------151 圖4-12  阮弼真君廟(花蓮市大陳一村)-------------------152 圖4-13  蔣公報恩觀(高雄市旗津區實踐新村)-------------152 圖4-14  漁師廟(宜蘭縣壯圍鄉仁愛新村)-----------------153 圖4-15  仁愛新村漁師爺壽誕(宜蘭縣壯圍鄉)-------------155 圖4-16  信義廟之對聯「觀音慈航護中華、神聖顯赫佑大陳」(新竹市信義新村)------------------------------------------158 圖4-17  寧波年糕---------------------------------------160 圖4-18  魚麵-------------------------------------------161 圖4-19  鰻魚乾-----------------------------------------161 圖4-20 送子還願時贈予廟方之喜燈與白球------------------163 圖4-21 老一輩大陳婦女仍有裹小腳,圖為裹腳婦女穿的鞋子--164 表次目錄 表1-1  大陳島海路交通表--------------------------------14 表1-2  上、下大陳島中、小學校一覽表--------------------22 表1-3  大陳地區各島軍事佈署一覽表(民國四十年(1951)九月)-----------------------------------------------------28 表1-4  國軍駐守大陳軍力表------------------------------30 表2-1  國共戰爭期間共軍攻擊大陳一覽表------------------34 表2-2  金剛計劃的內容----------------------------------43 表2-3  金剛計劃運送軍民物資一覽表----------------------46 表3-1  宜蘭縣大陳新村一覽表----------------------------67 表3-2  花蓮縣大陳新村一覽表----------------------------69 表3-3  台東縣大陳新村一覽表----------------------------72 表3-4  屏東縣大陳新村一覽表----------------------------74 表3-5  高雄縣大陳新村一覽表----------------------------76 表3-6  其他縣市大陳新村一覽表--------------------------78 表3-7  高雄縣茄萣鄉白雲新村撥用公地計劃書--------------83 表3-8  大陳新村建地土地來源資料表----------------------85 表3-9  政府徵收土地賠償情形一覽表----------------------87 表3-10  墾農與僱農分輔導內容與分佈地區表----------------95 表3-11  大陳漁村二噸半級動力舢舨分配數量表--------------98 表3-12  工業與手工藝新村輔導就業表----------------------99 表3-13  商業新村一覽表----------------------------------100 表4-1  以河川新生地為建地的大陳新村--------------------105 表4-2  大陳新村的現況----------------------------------110 表4-3  台東縣三年來辦理大陳義胞免費施醫情形調查表------127 表4-4  大陳新村周圍台灣族群分佈表----------------------142 表4-5  大陳新村與眷村的異同----------------------------148 表4-6  大陳廟宇舉辦廟會活動一覽表----------------------154 表4-6  帶有政治色彩之大陳廟宇--------------------------156[[note]]學號: 690060016, 學年度: 9

    液壓缸心軸襯套洩露之研究

    No full text
    corecore