Taxonomy, distribution and comparative study of thermal tolerance in Nipponacmea limpets along China coast

作为生物圈最脆弱的系统之一，潮间带生态系统是研究全球变化对群落动态影响的理想系统。全球变化带来的环境变化如温度升高、海水酸化和海平面升高等可影响生物行为、生理以及进化适应，从而改变潮间带生物的种群动态和群落结构。而面对环境变化，物种间由于适应能力的差异，会出现“胜利者”和“失败者”。背尖贝（GenusNipponacmea）是常见潮间带生物，广泛分布于我国沿海中-高潮间带岩石上。本研究利用DNA条形码研究中国沿岸背尖贝的分类、系统发育以及地理分布格局，并测定不同温度下背尖贝属间生理和分子适应的差异，了解生物适应环境条件的生理机理，阐明环境决定潮间带生物分布的内在机制。主要研究结果如下： 1）...As one of the most fragile ecosystem, intertidal ecosystem is the ideal system to investigate the effects of global change on population dynamics. Environmental changes caused by global change, such as the temperature rises, ocean acidification and sea level rise may affect the biological behavior, physiology and evolutionary adaptation, thereby changing the intertidal community structure and dyna...学位：理学博士院系专业：海洋与地球学院_海洋生物学学号：2232012015345

Effects of parent acclimation and heat-shock at gastrula on growth and development of sea cucumber larvae

文章探讨了刺参(APOSTICHOPuS JAPOnICuS)亲本南方驯化和囊胚期幼体热应激对浮游幼体生长、发育的影响。刺参亲本分为未度夏(dA)组和已度夏(XP)组,每组设置对照组(C)和热应激组(H),在囊胚期对H组进行45MIn、26℃的高温应激,然后分别在18℃和23℃下培育至变态。结果表明,培育温度对H组和C组幼体的生长有显著影响,C组幼体在23℃下的特定生长率高于18℃,而H组正好相反。从耳状幼体第2天开始,dA组和XP组幼体的最大体长开始出现在H组,这与幼体对饵料的摄取有关。H组幼体的变态率要显著低于C组,这归因于高温应激导致的高畸形率。dA组和XP组幼体的生长、成活以及附着变态率之间差异不显著。鉴于之前研究结果,可通过下述途径获取耐高温刺参苗种:首先在囊胚期进行高温应激获取耐高温幼参,然后在南方进行幼体培育和中间养成,性成熟后进行苗种繁育,最后经过累代选育固定耐高温性状。This study investigated the effects of parent-acclimation and heat-shock at gastrula stage on growth and development of sea cucumber( Apostichopus japonicus) larvae.The adult sea cucumbers were split into two groups: DA group and XP group,each with two treatments: control( C) and heat-shock( H).Gastrula larvae of H were heated at 26 ℃ for 45 min and then reared at 18 ℃ and23 ℃ separately until metamorphosis.Results show that the specific growth rate at 23 ℃ was higher than that at 18 ℃ in the control,but the trend was opposite in heat-shock treatment.Since the 2ndday of auricularia,the maximum body length had been observed in heat-shock treatment for both DA and XP group,which was due to the ingestion of food.The setting rate of heat-shock treatment was significantly lower than that of the control due to the high rate of deformed individuals caused by heat-shock.Thus,high temperatureresistant sea cucumbers can be acquired via the following steps: first,obtain a certain number of high temperature-resistant juveniles by heat-shock at gastrula stage; then,culture these individuals in southern China until sexual maturity; finally,fix the high temperature-resistant properties by generation selection.中国博士后科学基金(2013M541862); 福建省杰出青年基金(2011J06017

产前滴滴涕或多氯联苯暴露与出生缺陷风险相关性的Meta分析

目的系统评价孕妇产前暴露于滴滴涕(DDT)或多氯联苯(PCBs)与新生儿出生缺陷风险之间的关系。方法计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、WanFang Data、VIP和CNKI数据库,搜集有关产前DDT或PCBs暴露与出生缺陷关系的病例-对照研究,检索时限均从建库至2017年2月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用Stata 13.0软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入14个研究,包括2 238例出生缺陷新生儿和2 355例对照新生儿。Meta分析结果显示:产前暴露于高水平的DDT会导致新生儿隐睾发生率增加[OR=1.12,95%CI(1.09,1.15),P<0.001]。而DDT暴露与尿道下裂和神经管畸形发生没有相关性。产前暴露于高水平的PCBs与隐睾、尿道下裂、神经管畸形发生也没有相关性。结论孕妇产前暴露于高水平的DDT可能是隐睾发生的危险因素。受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,上述结论尚待更多高质量研究予以验证。厦门市科技计划项目(编号:3502Z20163006);;厦门市集美区科技计划项目(编号:20142C01

基于多维决策分析的海湾海岸带主体功能区划技术研究

文章根据海岸带区域特征,剖析了主体功能区划内涵,遵循基于生态系统管理以及海陆统筹等原则,构建了基于多维决策分析的海湾海岸带主体功能区划技术方法,包括海湾海岸带主体功能区划原则、技术框架和分析方法。2009年度海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目“海岸带主体功能区划分技术体系框架研究与应用示范(200905005-06)

Growth,Viserosomatic Index,and RNA/DNA Ratio in Aestivating Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

为了深入了解夏眠期间仿刺参(APOSTICHOPuS JAPOnICuS SElEnkA)的生长和生理变化,研究了夏眠仿刺参的体质量、肠体比以及rnA/dnA(简称r/d)比值.实验期间,夏眠组水温以每周5℃(0.7℃/d)由16℃缓慢升至26℃,然后在26℃后保持5周;对照组水温在16℃维持7周.期间每周称量仿刺参体质量并取样,测定仿刺参的肠体比比值以及肠、呼吸树和体壁中的r/d比值.实验结果显示,夏眠组仿刺参体质量和肠体比缓慢下降,当进入夏眠阶段后,夏眠组肠体比比值显著低于对照组.夏眠组仿刺参肠、呼吸树和体壁中r/d比值均表现出先升高后降低的趋势,其中夏眠初期的r/d比值显著高于对照组.这说明夏眠过程中仿刺参肠道严重退化,r/d比值可以用于反映夏眠阶段仿刺参的生长特征.本研究丰富了仿刺参的基础研究,对于夏季仿刺参养殖生产有一定的理论指导意义.In order to investigate the physiological changes of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicusunder aestivation,physiological indices,such as growth,viserosomatic index,and RNA/DNA(R/D)ratio of this species were studied.For the aestivation group,water temperature was increased gradually from 16to 26℃ within two weeks(5℃increase each weak),and maintained at 26℃for five weeks.For the control group,the temperature was kept at 16℃for seven weeks.During the experiment period,five individuals from each group were sampled every week,and the viserosomatic index and R/D ratio were measured.Results showed that the growth and viserosomatic index in the sea cucumbers from aestivation group decreased gradually during the whole period.The viserosomatic index became significantly lower than that from the control group when they entered the state of aestivation.The R/D ratio of body wall,intestine and respiratory tree in the sea cucumbers from the aestivation group shared the same trend.The R/D ratio increased with the temperature increase,became significantly higher than that from the control group after aestivation,and then decreased to the initial level.While values of animals from the control group maintained at a relatively low level.The results indicate that the intestine of the sea cucumber degenerates seriously,and R/D ratio can reflect the growth traits of aestivation.This study enriches the basic research of sea cucumber and provides some theoretical guides for the aquaculture of this species in summer.中国博士后科学基金(2013M541862); 福建省杰出青年基金(2011J06017)项

Effects of Salinity Fluctuation on the Expression of hsp70 and hsp90s Genes in Sea Cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus Selenka

为研究夏季暴雨导致的养殖池塘盐度变化对仿刺参(APOSTICHOPuS JAPOnICuS)生理的影响,在实验室内模拟野外盐度变化,采用半定量rT-PCr的方法研究了其HSP70、HSP90A及HSP90b基因的表达。实验中,盐度先以每6H降2.5的速度由30降至20;保持96H后,再以同样的速度由20升至30,随后在盐度为30条件下保持96H。在盐度变化过程中随机取样。HSP70和HSP90b基因在盐度降至20后表达量开始显著升高(P<0.05),HSP90A基因在盐度降至22.5时表达量开始显著升高(P<0.05);但保持在盐度为20条件下,3个基因的表达量均逐渐降低至初始值。在之后的盐度升高及恢复阶段,3个基因表达量均有先升高后降低的趋势,表明HSP70、HSP90A和HSP90b基因是仿刺参在盐度胁迫下的重要响应因子。The expression of hsp70,hsp90a and hsp90b genes in sea cucumber(apostichopus japonicus Selenka) were studied in a simulated field salinity decrease after a heavy rainfall in summer.Salinity firstly decreased gradually from 30 to 20 at a rate of 2.5 every 6 h,and then was maintained at 20.After 96 h at the low salinity(20),salinity was increased gradually to 30 at a rate of 2.5 every 6 h,and then was maintained at 30 for 96 h.Results showed that expressions of hsp70,hsp90a and hsp90b genes all increased after salinity decrease,led to the maximum levels at the lowest salinity,and then dropped to the original level after 72 h at low-salinity exposure.Similarly,the expression of these three genes in sea cucumber increased with the salinity increase,and decreased to the original level after 72 h at low-salinity exposure.Compared to the second salinity fluctuation,the gene expressions were lower than those of the first salinity fluctuation,which might be caused by energy budget.In this study the expression of hsp90a and hsp90b genes was similar to hsp70 gene's expression,and the upregulated expression of hsp90s also could be regarded as the physiologic adaptation of Apostichopus japonicus to environmental stresses.国家自然科学基金项目(30400333);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD09A01);山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金计划项目(BS2009NY019)资

Effects of Heat-Shock in Pelagic Stages on Survival and Hsp70 Expression of Juvenile Sea Cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus Selenka

设计不同温度(21.5,26,28和30℃),对刺参(APOSTICHOPuS JAPOnICuS)囊胚期、原肠期和耳状幼体期幼体进行热激处理,热激45 MIn后,将幼体在21.5℃条件下继续培养至耳状幼体后期,计算刺参幼体的存活率,并用蛋白杂交方法测定幼体HSP70的表达量。结果表明,高温刺激对幼体的存活有显著性影响,各时期幼体的存活率均随热激温度的升高而降低,原肠期的存活率要高于囊胚期和耳状幼体时期。原肠期幼体HSP70表达量要比囊胚期和耳状幼体时期高,这表明在发育过程中HSP70表达量与幼体存活率具有相关性。The effects of heat-shock in pelagic stages on survival and Hsp70s expression of juvenile sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus Selenka were investigated.Larvae at the stage of blastula,gastrula and auricularia were heat-shocked at selected temperatures(21.5,26,28 and 30 ℃) for 45 min and returned to 21.5 ℃ for continuous rearing.After the heat-shock,there were significant differences in survival among larvae in the four heat-shocked treatments.The survival rate of larvae decreased with the increasing of heat-shock temperature,and the rate was higher in the stage of gastrula than those in blastula and auricularia.The Hsp70s expression of larvae in the stage of gastrula was higher than those in the stages of blastula and auricularia,suggesting that the survival of larvae partly correlates with the expression of Hsp70s.国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD09A01);山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金计划项目(BS2009NY019)资

一种益生菌微胶囊产品及其制备与应用

本发明涉及一种益生菌微胶囊产品，微胶囊产品为粒径10-1000微米的球形或不规则形微胶囊，其结构分为壁层与内核两部分，其中，壁层由海藻酸盐、壳聚糖、甲基丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸酯高分子材料组成，内核为高密度的益生菌

一种胰蛋白酶抑制剂及其应用

本发明涉及一种胰蛋白酶抑制剂，其特征在于所述的胰蛋白酶抑制剂主要成分为海藻酸盐或其衍生物；与传统胰蛋白酶抑制剂相比，本发明优势在于抑酶效率高，成本低，原料丰富，制备简单，无毒副作用，生物稳定性好，更适合作为蛋白质与多肽类药物制剂中的抗酶解辅料

一种脂质载体与难溶性药物组合物及其制备方法

本发明提供一种脂质载体与难溶性药物组合物及其制备方法，该组合物包括两种：自微乳难溶性药物组合物和固体脂质纳米粒载体与难溶性药物组合物。所述自微乳难溶性药物组合物由难溶性药物0.05-10wt%，液态脂质5-60wt%,表面活性剂20-50wt%，助表面活性剂10-35wt%组成；所述固体脂质纳米粒载体与难溶性药物组合物由难溶性药物0.05-5wt%,固态脂质40-69wt%，表面活性剂30-59wt%组成。上述脂质载体与难溶性药物组合物通过改变脂质的种类和比例可以控制脂肪酶对其水解程度在3-90%之间。由于难溶性药物在脂质载体中的释放速率与脂质载体的水解相关，进而通过控制脂质载体的水解速率实现改变难溶性药物药代动力学的目的