Study of Saiga Horn Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry

The saiga horns have been investigated the using of modern analytic methods. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with mass-spectrometric (MS and MS/MS) detection and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) were used. It could be concluded that basic proteins of the saiga horns are keratins and collagen. The basic representation protein in all samples is keratin type I microfibrillar (from sheep), keratin type II microfibrillar (from sheep), collagen type I (α1) (from bovine) and collagen type I (α2) (from bovine). Free amino acids we determined in all samples are nontreated by enzyme

Community guidelines to increase the reusability of marine microfossil assemblage data

Data on marine microfossil assemblage composition have multiple applications. Initially, they were primarily used for (chrono)stratigraphy and palaeoecology, but these data are now also widely used to study evolutionary and ecological processes, such as past biodiversity and its links with environmental dynamics, or to provide a basis for conservation efforts and biomonitoring. The large range of potential applications renders microfossil abundance data ideal for reuse. However, the complexity inherent in taxonomic data, which encompass extant and extinct species, coupled with the inherent intricacies of information on biological communities extracted from sedimentary archives, poses considerable hurdles in reusing marine microfossil data, even when they are publicly available. Here, we present guidelines derived from an online survey conducted within the marine micropalaeontological community, aimed at improving the reusability of microfossil assemblage data. These guidelines advocate for clarity and transparency in the documentation of the methods and the outcome, and we outline the data attributes required for effective reuse of micropalaeontological data. These guidelines are intended for researchers who generate microfossil abundance datasets and for reviewers, editors, and data curators at repositories.A total of 113 researchers evaluated the relevance of about 50 data attributes that might be needed to enable and maximise the reuse of marine microfossil abundance datasets. Each property is ranked based on the survey results. All information is, in principle, considered “desired”. Information that improves the reusability is ranked as “recommended”, and information that is required for reuse is ranked as “essential”. Analysis of a selection of datasets available online reveals a rather large gap between data properties deemed essential by survey participants and what is actually contained in publicly available microfossil assemblage datasets. While the survey indicates that the micropalaeontological community values good data stewardship, improving data reusability still requires new efforts to incorporate all the essential information. The guidelines presented here are intended as a step in that direction. Determining the optimal forms and formats for data sharing are obvious next steps the community needs to take

Stress and in Fieldwork

vii, 79 hal,;ilust: 23c

Comprehensive proteomic analysis of human dentin

Proteomic analysis of the human body is a significant recent scientific endeavour. In this study, we investigated the proteomic profile of human dentin using modern analytical and mass spectrometric techniques. Five healthy permanent human molars from five adults were cut, pulverized, denaturated with guanidine buffer, and demineralized with EDTA buffer. The extracted proteins were analysed by gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis), digested with trypsin, and separated by liquid chromatography/high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. We identified 289 proteins with high confidence, 90 of which had not been previously detected in human dentin. Nine (currently hypothetical) proteins were identified for the first time in an actual human sample. The proteins have a variety of functions, including calcium-ion binding, formation of the extracellular matrix, formation of the cytoskeleton, cytoskeletal protein binding, immune response, and transport. In conclusion, this is the first use of two-dimensional electrophoresis for investigating human dentin

Identifikace poly-3-hydroxybutyrátů s krátkým řetězcem v extraktech rohů saigy pomocí LC-MS/MS

Saiga horn extracts were analyzed with the goal of obtaining new information about compounds present in it. The purpose of this study is to find synthetic alternatives to Saiga horn extract, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine, by identifying potentially biologically active compounds in the extracts. Using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolutionmass spectrometry, we have been able to identify a series of short-chain polyhydroxybutyrates in alcoholic extracts of Saiga horn. Optimized high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry methods for analysis of short-chain poly-3-hydroxybutyrates were developed and subsequently applied to investigate Saiga horn extract for the presence of these compounds, which might explain its biological actions, particularly for its antipyretic and procoagulant properties.Byly analyzovány extrakty rohů saigy s cílem získat nové informace o sloučeninách, které jsou v ní obsaženy. Účelem této studie je nalézt syntetické alternativy extraktu z rohoviny saigy, který se používá v tradiční čínské medicíně, identifikováním potenciálně biologicky aktivních sloučenin v extraktech. Pomocí vysokoúčinné kapalinové chromatografie ve spojení s vysokorozlišovací hmotnostní spektrometrií jsme dokázali identifikovat řadu polyhydroxybutyrátů s krátkým řetězcem v alkoholických extraktech rohoviny Saiga. Byla vyvinuta a optimalizována metoda vysokoúčinné kapalinové chromatografie ve spojení s tandemovou hmotnostní spektrometrií pro analýzu poly-3-hydroxybutyrátů s krátkým řetězcem a tato byla následně použita pro studium extraktu rohů saigy zaměřené na přítomnost těchto sloučenin, což by mohlo vysvětlit jeho biologické účinky, zejména antipyretické a prokoagulační vlastnosti