The Synthesis of [{n-Bu2Sn(S2N2)}2] and its use in the preparation of Organometallic Iridium Sulfur Nitrogen Complexes

The addition of [n-Bu2SnCl2] to a solution of [S4N3][Cl] in liquid ammonia gave after extraction of the dry reaction mixture the new tin disulfur dinitrido compound [{n-Bu2Sn(S2N2)}(2)] (1). Reaction of [{n-Bu2Sn(S2N2)}(2)] (1) with the pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (Cp*) iridium derivatives [{IrCl(mu-Cl)(eta(5)-C5Me5)}(2)] or [(eta(5)-C5Me5)IrCl2(PPh3)] gave different products, which were dependent on the reactant ratios. A 1:1 reaction between 1 and [{IrCl(mu-Cl)(eta(5)-C5Me5)}(2)] gave only [(eta(5)-C5Me5)Ir(S2N2)] (2) in moderate yield; the same product in higher yield was obtained from a 2:1 reaction between 1 and [(eta(5)-C5Me5)IrCl2(PPh3)]. Reaction of 1 and [(eta(5)-C5Me5)(2)IrCl2(PPh3)] (1:1 molar ratio) in the presence of NH4[PF6] gave the unusual bimetallic species [(eta(5)-C5Me5)IrCl(PPh3)(S2N2)Ir(eta(5)-C5Me5)][PF6] (3). The X-ray crystal structures of 1, 2, and 3 are reported.PostprintPeer reviewe

Accommodating Learners With Dyslexia in English Language Teaching in Sri Lanka : teachers' knowledge, attitudes and challenges

As it is estimated that 10% of the world population has dyslexia or related learning difficulties, it is vital for language teachers to have a thorough understanding of such difficulties and of inclusive teaching techniques. It is believed that teacher training can increase teachers’ knowledge of dyslexia and inclusion, inculcate positive attitudes among them on inclusion and increase their self-efficacy beliefs. The study discussed in this paper analysed if a teacher training programme aimed at a group of ELT professionals in Sri Lanka could do the same and also the challenges that they would face in introducing inclusive practices into their context. A questionnaire and interview data revealed that the teacher training programme was able to change teachers’ negative attitudes towards dyslexia, increase their knowledge of dyslexia and inclusive practices and increase their readiness to implement inclusive classroom techniques. The findings also revealed that institutional barriers such as a rigid examination system and lack of flexibility in the curriculum may hinder how inclusive practices are implemented. In addition, negative socio-cultural ideology and some practical classroom problems may also affect implementation

Identification of ejaculated proteins in the house mouse (Mus domesticus) via isotopic labeling

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Seminal fluid plays an important role in successful fertilization, but knowledge of the full suite of proteins transferred from males to females during copulation is incomplete. The list of ejaculated proteins remains particularly scant in one of the best-studied mammalian systems, the house mouse (<it>Mus domesticus</it>), where artificial ejaculation techniques have proven inadequate. Here we investigate an alternative method for identifying ejaculated proteins, by isotopically labeling females with ¹⁵N and then mating them to unlabeled, vasectomized males. Proteins were then isolated from mated females and identified using mass spectrometry. In addition to gaining insights into possible functions and fates of ejaculated proteins, our study serves as proof of concept that isotopic labeling is a powerful means to study reproductive proteins.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We identified 69 male-derived proteins from the female reproductive tract following copulation. More than a third of all spectra detected mapped to just seven genes known to be structurally important in the formation of the copulatory plug, a hard coagulum that forms shortly after mating. Seminal fluid is significantly enriched for proteins that function in protection from oxidative stress and endopeptidase inhibition. Females, on the other hand, produce endopeptidases in response to mating. The 69 ejaculated proteins evolve significantly more rapidly than other proteins that we previously identified directly from dissection of the male reproductive tract.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our study attempts to comprehensively identify the proteins transferred from males to females during mating, expanding the application of isotopic labeling to mammalian reproductive genomics. This technique opens the way to the targeted monitoring of the fate of ejaculated proteins as they incubate in the female reproductive tract.</p

Tashmim Al-Kitab Al-Madrasi Fi Darsi Al-Imlai Li Tanmiyati Maharah Al-Kitabah Li Al-Mubtadiin Li An-Nathiqin Bighairiha

This research aims to find out the characteristics of the textbook to Imlā lesson to develop the writing skill for beginners non-native speakers, and to scale the validity of the designed textbook. As for the method used for this research is Research &amp; Development, and the methods for collecting the data used are the interview, questionnaire, and documents. To find out the validity of the designed book, the researcher provided the questionnaire to three experts, that is, the expert in the content eligibility of the designed, the expert in the language eligibility of the designed book, and the expert in the graphic eligibility. The results of the search are the presence of the book in the form of the teacher's textbook. The researcher dealt with the characteristics of the textbook in which there are nine units, and in terms of its organization, it started from presenting examples, then explanation, qawā'id, and exercises. As for its validity, it scored good with a percentage score of 84.6%, meaning that the designed textbook can be used with little modification and correction