412 research outputs found
Detection of chronic endometritis at fluid hysteroscopy
Chronic endometritis is a subtle condition that is difficult to detect; however, it may cause abnormal uterine bleeding and infertility. Few data exist about the appearance of chronic endometritis at fluid hysteroscopy and about the value of diagnostic fluid hysteroscopy in the detection of this condition. In our experience, at fluid hysteroscopy chronic endometritis is characterized by consistent association of stromal edema and either focal or diffuse hyperemia; in some cases, this finding is associated with endometrial micropolyps (less than 1 mm in size).
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Geophysical characteristics and structural composition of clay rocks in the terrigenous complex of the southeastern part of the West Siberian oil and gas bearing pro
The basic attributes identifying the clay rock composition in the terrigenous complex of the southeastern part of the West-Siberian platform have been determined, based on the correlation of structural composition and geophysical data, including induced potential logging, apparent resistivity, induction logging, radioactive and caliper logging. According to the obtained results it is possible to identify above-mentioned rocks in well logs, even under conditions of limited core samples, their application in well log correlation and back stripping. Key words: geophysical well logging, the West-Siberian oil and gas bearing province, terrigenous complex, clay rocks, back stripping
Exploring a role for a Par3/CaMKII protein complex in photoreceptor cell polarity and ciliogenesis
Cell polarity is an essential property of adult neurons, which rely on asymmetric distribution of receptors and transmitters for proper signal propagation and cell function. In the retina, loss of photoreceptor (PR) polarity can lead to retinal dystrophies such as Leber Congenital Amaurosis, but the molecular mechanisms involved in regulating PR polarity remain unclear. A highly conserved protein complex involved in the establishment of cell polarity from C. elegans to mammals is the Par complex. Localized at the subapical region of polarized cells, it is composed of the “partitioning defective” PDZ domain-containing proteins Par3/Par6 and the atypical protein kinase C (aPKC). Although extensively studied in epithelial cells, the role of the Par complex in mammalian neurons remains poorly understood. Our unpublished results indicate that conditional inactivation (cKO) of Par3 in the developing retina interferes with the polarized growth of the photosensitive cilium at the apical tip of PR cells, eventually leading to PR degeneration. To uncover how Par3 might regulate ciliogenesis in PR cells, we immunoprecipitated Par3 from mouse retinal extracts and carried out mass spectrometry analysis. We found a cluster of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) proteins as potential Par3-interacting partners in the retina. CaMKII is one of the most abundant proteins found in the central nervous system, where it constitutes 1-2% of total proteins. While extensive studies have demonstrated the importance of CaMKII in long-term potentiation (LTP), long term depression (LTD) and dendrite arborisation, its role in cell polarity remains unknown. Using tagged versions of Par3 and CaMKIID, we validated their interaction in vivo and in vitro by co-immunoprecipitation. Interestingly, we found that CaMKIID localizes to the ciliary region of PRs, suggesting that Par3 might recruit CaMKIID at the apical membrane of PR cells, where it could be involved in ciliogenesis. To explore this hypothesis, we investigated whether dominant-negative or constitutively active forms of CaMKIID could impact cilia formation in PRs. Interestingly, overexpression of both mutant forms of CaMKIID during PR development resulted in shortening of the photosensitive cilia (outer segments), similar to what we observed in Par3 cKO retinas. This study suggests that a CaMKIID/Par3 protein complex regulates the establishment of PR cell polarity, raising the possibility that this complex may be generally involved in controlling neuronal polarity throughout the nervous system.Le traitement et la propagation de l’information nerveuse repose sur une distribution
asymétrique de récepteurs et d’émetteurs à la surface de chaque neurone. Ce cloisonnement en
domaines sous-cellulaires distincts est également appelé polarité cellulaire. Dans la rétine, la
perte de polarité des photorécepteurs peut entraîner des dystrophies rétiniennes telle que
l'amaurose congénitale de Leber, mais les mécanismes moléculaires impliqués restent flous. Un
complexe protéique impliqué dans l'établissement de la polarité cellulaire, hautement conservé
de C. elegans aux mammifères, est le complexe PAR. Localisé au niveau de la région sous-apicale
des cellules polarisées, le coeur de ce complexe est constitué des protéines de la famille
partitioning defective Par3 / Par6 et de la protéine kinase C atypique aPKC. Bien que largement
étudié dans les cellules épithéliales, le rôle du complexe Par dans les neurones de mammifères
reste mal compris. Nos résultats indiquent que l'inactivation conditionnelle (cKO) de Par3 dans la
rétine de souris en développement interfère avec la croissance polarisée du cil photosensible à la
pointe apicale des cellules photoréceptrices (PR), conduisant finalement à une dégénérescence
des PRs. Pour découvrir comment Par3 pourrait réguler la ciliogenèse des PRs, nous avons
immunoprécipité Par3 à partir d'extraits rétiniens de souris et effectué une analyse par
spectrométrie de masse. Nous avons trouvé un ensemble de protéines appartenant à la famille
des calcium-calmoduline-dépendantes de la protéine kinase II (CaMKII) comme partenaires
potentiels de Par3 dans la rétine. Les CaMKII figurent parmi les protéines les plus abondantes du
système nerveux central où elles constituent 1 à 2% des protéines totales. Alors que des études
approfondies ont démontré l'importance de CaMKII dans la potentialisation et la dépression à
long terme (LTP et LTD), et l'arborisation des dendrites, son rôle dans la polarité cellulaire reste
inconnu. En utilisant des versions étiquetées de Par3 et CaMKIID, nous avons validé leur
interaction in vivo et in vitro par co-immunoprécipitation. Nous avons mis en évidence une
localisation de CaMKIID dans la région ciliaire des PR, suggérant que Par3 pourrait recruter
CaMKIID à la membrane apicale des cellules PR, où il pourrait être impliqué dans la ciliogenèse.
Pour explorer cette hypothèse, nous avons étudié si les formes dominantes négatives ou
constitutivement actives de CaMKIID pouvaient avoir un impact sur la formation des cils des PRs.
vii
La surexpression des deux formes mutantes au cours du développement des PRs a entrainé un
raccourcissement des segments externes, semblable à ce que nous avons observé dans les rétines
Par3 cKO. Cette étude montre qu'un complexe de protéines CaMKIID / Par3 pourrait réguler
l’établissement et le maintien de polarité des PRs, suggérant l’implication ce complexe dans le
contrôle de la polarité neuronale de l’ensemble du système nerveux central
Dynamics of a turbulent buoyant plume in a stratified fluid : an idealized model of subglacial discharge in Greenland fjords
Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2017. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Physical Oceanography 47 (2017): 2611-2630, doi:10.1175/JPO-D-16-0259.1.This study reports the results of large-eddy simulations of an axisymmetric turbulent buoyant plume in a stratified fluid. The configuration used is an idealized model of the plume generated by a subglacial discharge at the base of a tidewater glacier with an ambient stratification typical of Greenland fjords. The plume is discharged from a round source of various diameters and characteristic stratifications for summer and winter are considered. The classical theory for the integral parameters of a turbulent plume in a homogeneous fluid gives accurate predictions in the weakly stratified lower layer up to the pycnocline, and the plume dynamics are not sensitive to changes in the source diameter. In winter, when the stratification is similar to an idealized two-layer case, turbulent entrainment and generation of internal waves by the plume top are in agreement with the theoretical and numerical results obtained for turbulent jets in a two-layer stratification. In summer, instead, the stratification is more complex and turbulent entrainment by the plume top is significantly reduced. The subsurface layer in summer is characterized by a strong density gradient and the oscillating plume generates internal waves that might serve as an indicator of submerged plumes not penetrating to the surface.This work was supported
by Linné FLOW Centre at KTH and the
Academy of Finland Centre of Excellence program
(Grant 307331) (E. E.) and VR Swedish Research Council, Outstanding Young Researcher Award,
Grant VR 2014-5001 (L. B.). Support to C. C. was given
by the NSF Project OCE-1434041.2018-04-2
Core acid treatment influence on well reservoir properties in Kazan oil-gas condensate field
The research involves investigation of the influence of hydrochloric acid (HCI-12%) and mud acid ( mixture: HCl - 10 % and HF - 3 %) treatment on the Upper-Jurassic reservoir properties in Kazan oil-gas condensate field wells. The sample collection included three lots of core cylinders from one and the same depth (all in all 42). Two lots of core cylinders were distributed as following: first lot - reservoir properties were determined, and, then thin sections were cut off from cylinder faces; second lot- core cylinders were exposed to hydrochloric acid treatment, then, after flushing the reservoir properties were determined, and thin sections were prepared. Based on the quantitative petrographic rock analysis, involvin 42 thin sections, the following factors were determined: granulometric mineral composition, cement content, intergranular contacts and pore space structure. According to the comparative analysis of initial samples, the following was determined: content decrease of feldspar, clay and mica fragments, mica, clay and carbonate cement; increase of pore spaces while in the investigated samples- on exposure of rocks to acids effective porosity and permeability value range is ambiguous
Geophysical characteristics and structural composition of clay rocks in the terrigenous complex of the southeastern part of the West Siberian oil and gas bearing pro
The basic attributes identifying the clay rock composition in the terrigenous complex of the southeastern part of the West-Siberian platform have been determined, based on the correlation of structural composition and geophysical data, including induced potential logging, apparent resistivity, induction logging, radioactive and caliper logging. According to the obtained results it is possible to identify above-mentioned rocks in well logs, even under conditions of limited core samples, their application in well log correlation and back stripping. Key words: geophysical well logging, the West-Siberian oil and gas bearing province, terrigenous complex, clay rocks, back stripping
То the Question of Forming aesthetic Competence of Primary School Teachers with the Means of Music
При финансовой поддержке Российского гуманитарного научного фонда, проект № 08-06-14135
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