The Seljan Brothers – Croatian Explorers in South America. Paraguay, Chile and Brazil 2022

When I assumed the management of the Non-European Collection of the Ethnographic Museum in 2015, the first query about the material donated by researchers Mirko and Stevo Seljan came from Paraguay. Gustavo Glavinich, an architect of Croatian descent, inquired about the book “El Salto del Guayra” published in Spanish and French by the Seljan brothers in 1905 in Buenos Aires. The book follows their journey from Asunción to the Guairá Falls, located on the border between Paraguay and Brazil, that no longer exist due to the construction of a hydroelectric plant. Glavinich heard about it in 2000s in Asunción, when Mario Saletto and Jasna Ferluga were there to film the series “In the Footsteps of the Seljan Brothers”. The volume provided him with valuable information about the time when the Seljan brothers visited the area, while his colleague from the Faculty of Architecture used several photos in a monograph on the architecture of the Guaraní people

Role of nurses in application of ethical standards in clinical drug trials

Klinička ispitivanja je nužno provoditi prije nego li se neki lijek počne primjenjivati u širokoj populaciji. Svako kliničko ispitivanje je pomno isplanirano, kako bi dokazalo djelotvornost lijeka, ali i ukazalo na štetne učinke. Kako se klinička ispitivanja provode na ljudima moraju biti u skladu sa dobrom kliničkom praksom, koja je definirana međunarodno priznatim i prihvaćenim etičkim i znanstvenim standardima za planiranje, provođenje i praćenje kliničkih ispitivanja. U kliničkim ispitivanjima primjenjuju se ista etička i pravna načela koja vrijede za medicinsku praksu, ali su puno strože kontrolirana međunarodnim i nacionalnim zakonima i propisima, a sve u svrhu najvišeg stupnja zaštite prava i sigurnosti ispitanika gdje se sigurnost ispitanika stavlja ispred znanosti. Svaki pojedinac koji sudjeluje u kliničkom ispitivanju mora biti osposobljen, educiran, uvježban i iskusan za obavljanje zadataka koji mu je dodijeljen u ispitivanju. Medicinska sestra je neizostavan član tima za provođenje kliničkih ispitivanja, ali do sada nedovoljno priznat i sa malo dokaza koji to potvrđuju. Stoga se ovim radom želi naglasiti njihova uloga, a sudjelovanjem u kliničkim ispitivanjima osigurati područje sestrinske skrbi. Kompetentnost medicinskih sestara u kliničkim ispitivanjima je neupitna, ali je potrebno više dokaza kroz objavljivanje radova koji će govoriti u prilog tome.Clinical studies should be performed before a drug is to be administered to a wider population. Each clinical trial is a carefully planned, in order to prove the effectiveness of the drug, but also to point out its harmful effects. As the clinical trials is conducted on humans it must be in accordance with good clinical practice, which is defined by internationally recognized and accepted ethical and scientific standards for the planning, implementation and monitoring of clinical trials. The same ethical and legal principles that apply to medical practice are also valid in clinical trials. However, these principles are stringently controlled by international and national laws and regulations, all aimed at the highest level of protection of the rights and safety of patients, where the safety of patients is placed in front of science. Each individual who participates in a clinical trial should be qualified, educated, trained and experienced in performing the tasks assigned to him/her in the study. The nurse is an indispensable member of the team which conducts clinical trials. However, their role was not sufficiently recognized, and there is little evidence about it. Thus, this paper aims to emphasize their role and participation in clinical trials in order to ensure this role in this area of nursing care. The competence of nurses in clinical trials is unquestionable, but needs more evidence through the publication of works that will speak in favour of it

AN ANFIS – BASED AIR QUALITY MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF SO2 CONCENTRATION IN URBAN AREA

This paper presents the results of attempt to perform modeling of SO2concentration in urban area in vicinity of copper smelter in Bor (Serbia), using ANFIS methodological approach. The aim of obtained model was to develop a prediction tool that will be used to calculate potential SO2 concentration, above prescribed limitation, based on input parameters. As predictors, both technogenic and meteorological input parameters were considered. Accordingly, the dependence of SO2concentration was modeled as the function of wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, humidity and amount sulfur emitted from the pyrometallurgical process of sulfidic copper concentration treatment

Role of nurses in application of ethical standards in clinical drug trials

Klinička ispitivanja je nužno provoditi prije nego li se neki lijek počne primjenjivati u širokoj populaciji. Svako kliničko ispitivanje je pomno isplanirano, kako bi dokazalo djelotvornost lijeka, ali i ukazalo na štetne učinke. Kako se klinička ispitivanja provode na ljudima moraju biti u skladu sa dobrom kliničkom praksom, koja je definirana međunarodno priznatim i prihvaćenim etičkim i znanstvenim standardima za planiranje, provođenje i praćenje kliničkih ispitivanja. U kliničkim ispitivanjima primjenjuju se ista etička i pravna načela koja vrijede za medicinsku praksu, ali su puno strože kontrolirana međunarodnim i nacionalnim zakonima i propisima, a sve u svrhu najvišeg stupnja zaštite prava i sigurnosti ispitanika gdje se sigurnost ispitanika stavlja ispred znanosti. Svaki pojedinac koji sudjeluje u kliničkom ispitivanju mora biti osposobljen, educiran, uvježban i iskusan za obavljanje zadataka koji mu je dodijeljen u ispitivanju. Medicinska sestra je neizostavan član tima za provođenje kliničkih ispitivanja, ali do sada nedovoljno priznat i sa malo dokaza koji to potvrđuju. Stoga se ovim radom želi naglasiti njihova uloga, a sudjelovanjem u kliničkim ispitivanjima osigurati područje sestrinske skrbi. Kompetentnost medicinskih sestara u kliničkim ispitivanjima je neupitna, ali je potrebno više dokaza kroz objavljivanje radova koji će govoriti u prilog tome.Clinical studies should be performed before a drug is to be administered to a wider population. Each clinical trial is a carefully planned, in order to prove the effectiveness of the drug, but also to point out its harmful effects. As the clinical trials is conducted on humans it must be in accordance with good clinical practice, which is defined by internationally recognized and accepted ethical and scientific standards for the planning, implementation and monitoring of clinical trials. The same ethical and legal principles that apply to medical practice are also valid in clinical trials. However, these principles are stringently controlled by international and national laws and regulations, all aimed at the highest level of protection of the rights and safety of patients, where the safety of patients is placed in front of science. Each individual who participates in a clinical trial should be qualified, educated, trained and experienced in performing the tasks assigned to him/her in the study. The nurse is an indispensable member of the team which conducts clinical trials. However, their role was not sufficiently recognized, and there is little evidence about it. Thus, this paper aims to emphasize their role and participation in clinical trials in order to ensure this role in this area of nursing care. The competence of nurses in clinical trials is unquestionable, but needs more evidence through the publication of works that will speak in favour of it

Mapping of spatial conflicts and creating scenarios of spatial development Branicevo district

Последњих година, имајући у виду да је друштво себи наметнуло високе циљеве, међу којима је непрестана тежња ка одрживом развоју, које обухвата друштвено благостање, висок квалитет животне средине, и економски просперитет, јавља се потреба за новим приступима у просторном планирању, стога идентификација и картирање просторних конфликата све више добија на значају. Браничевски округ, захваљујући својим природним потенцијалима представља одличан пример простора (региона) где се преплићу различити интереси. Идентификација и картирање конфликата захтевало је да се конфликти сагледају кроз предео и однос између предеоних функција, јер су запарво оне те које иницијално диктирају правце развоја којим ће се кренути. С обзиром да се ради о просторном развоју у фокусу су биле предеоне функције које имају улогу носача (пољопривредна производња и експлоатација минералних сировина) и рекреативни туризам који спада у информативне функције. Геоеколошким вредновањем, кроз одређивање степена погодности предела, спроведено је картирање изабраних предеоних функција (пољопривредне производње и рекреативног туризма). Компарацијом вредности све три предеоне функције извршена је квантификација односа међу њима, који може бити у већој или мањој мери конфликтан, те су на основу добијених резулатата дефинисани нивои потенцијалне конфликтности. Картиране предеоне функције посматране су као капацитет предела да пружи добра и услуге, и као такве у потпуности се подударају са функцијама у просторном планирању. Имајући у виду да су конфликти у основи друштвени феномен и да просторно планирање у свом пољу деловања има за циљ усаглашавање супростављених интереса између различитих друштвених група, зарад успостављања оптималног просторног развоја, од изузетног значаја је познавање преференција и ставова локалног становништва. Анкетним истраживањем изведено је вредновање девет предеоних вредности и четири доминантне активности (пољопривреда, рекреативни туризам, експлоатација минералних сировина и заштита природних и културних вредности), које би, према мишљењу испитаника, допринеле развоју округа. Вредновање је спроведено за тринаест подручја на којима је картиран висок и условно висок ниво потенцијалне конфликтности. Резултати добијени геоеколошким вредновањем и квантификацијом односа између предеоних функција, као и анкетним истраживањем, у коме су испитаници изнели своје ставове о правцима развоја, представили су базу за дефинисање могућих развојних сценарија Браничевскг округа.In recent years, considering that society has set high goals for itself, including the constant pursuit of sustainable development, which comprises social welfare, high quality of the environment and economic prosperity, a need for new approaches in spatial planning has arisen, and, therefore, the identification and mapping of spatial conflicts has become increasingly important. Branicevo district, owing to its natural potentials, represents an excellent example of a space (region) where different interests intertwine. The identification and mapping of potential land use conflicts required those conflicts to be viewed through the landscape and the relationship between landscape functions, because they are the ones which initially dictate the directions of further development Considering that it is a matter of spatial development, the focus was mainly placed on functions which has the carrier function role in the landscape (agricultural production and exploitation of mineral resources) and the recreational tourism which which belongs to the informative functions. The mapping of the selected landscape functions (agricultural production and recreational tourism) was conducted by means of geoecological evaluation, i.e. by determining the degree of the landscape suitability. By comparing the values of all three landscape functions, the quantification of the relationship between them was performed, which can be more or less conflicting, and based on the obtained results, the levels of potential conflicts were defined. The mapped landscape functions have been observed as the capacity of the landscape to provide goods and services, and, as such, they fully coincide with the functions in spatial planning. Bearing in mind that conflicts are basically a social phenomenon and that spatial planning in its field of action aims to harmonize conflicting interests among different social groups, in order to establish optimal spatial development, it is extremely important to know the preferences and attitudes of the local population. The survey evaluated nine landscape values and four dominant activities (agriculture, recreational tourism, the exploitation of mineral resources and protection of natural and cultural values), which, according to the respondents, would contribute to the development of the district. The evaluation was conducted for thirteen areas in which a high and conditionally high level of potential conflicts was mapped. The results obtained by geoecological evaluation and quantification of the relationship between landscape functions, as well as by the survey, in which the respondents presented their views on the directions of development, presented the basis for defining possible development scenarios of Braničevo district

Application of cold plasma in isolation of polyphenols from grape skin of grape pomace

Komina grožđa koja zaostaje kao nusproizvod pri proizvodnji vina, značajan je izvor polifenola. Razvijene su brojne metode za ekstrakciju polifenola, ali se ispituju i nove metode ekstrakcije koje omogućuju bolje prinose i veću stabilnost tijekom ekstrakcije. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati utjecaj hladne plazme (proizvedena je pomoću metode visoko-voltažnog elektičnog pražnjenja) na izolaciju polifenolnih spojeva iz liofilizirane pokožice komine grožđa. Ekstrakcija je provedena primjenom vodenih otopina etanola (10%-tni, 30%-tni i 50%-tni etanol) pri sobnoj temperaturi, a ispitivan je i utjecaj frekvencije i vremena tretiranja. Najveći prinos polifenola (18,59 mg/g) ostvaren je uz upotrebu 50%-tne vodene otopine etanola pri frekvenciji od 120 Hz i vremenu tretiranja od 10 min.Grape pomace, which remains as by-product after wine production, is important source of polyphenols. A numerous methods for polyphenolic extraction are developed but also, there are new extraction methods that are examined and give better yields and higher stability during extraction. The aim of this work was to research the effect of cold plasma (it is produced by high voltage electrical discharge method) on isolation of polyphenolic compounds from lyophilised grape pomace. Extraction is conducted by using aqueous solution of ethanol (10%, 30% and 50%) and the influence of frequency and treating time were tested, too. The highest yield of polyphenols (18,59 mg/g) is achieved using 50% aqueous solution of ethanol at frequency 120 Hz, and treating time, 10 min

Application of cold plasma in isolation of polyphenols from grape skin of grape pomace

Komina grožđa koja zaostaje kao nusproizvod pri proizvodnji vina, značajan je izvor polifenola. Razvijene su brojne metode za ekstrakciju polifenola, ali se ispituju i nove metode ekstrakcije koje omogućuju bolje prinose i veću stabilnost tijekom ekstrakcije. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati utjecaj hladne plazme (proizvedena je pomoću metode visoko-voltažnog elektičnog pražnjenja) na izolaciju polifenolnih spojeva iz liofilizirane pokožice komine grožđa. Ekstrakcija je provedena primjenom vodenih otopina etanola (10%-tni, 30%-tni i 50%-tni etanol) pri sobnoj temperaturi, a ispitivan je i utjecaj frekvencije i vremena tretiranja. Najveći prinos polifenola (18,59 mg/g) ostvaren je uz upotrebu 50%-tne vodene otopine etanola pri frekvenciji od 120 Hz i vremenu tretiranja od 10 min.Grape pomace, which remains as by-product after wine production, is important source of polyphenols. A numerous methods for polyphenolic extraction are developed but also, there are new extraction methods that are examined and give better yields and higher stability during extraction. The aim of this work was to research the effect of cold plasma (it is produced by high voltage electrical discharge method) on isolation of polyphenolic compounds from lyophilised grape pomace. Extraction is conducted by using aqueous solution of ethanol (10%, 30% and 50%) and the influence of frequency and treating time were tested, too. The highest yield of polyphenols (18,59 mg/g) is achieved using 50% aqueous solution of ethanol at frequency 120 Hz, and treating time, 10 min

The making of the Smoke – A Tobacco Story Exhibition

Rad donosi podatke o procesu nastanka muzejske izložbe o duhanu što je podrazumijevalo stručnu obradu predmeta iz Zbirke pušačkog pribora Etnografskog muzeja u Zagrebu, uvide u funduse drugih muzeja, arhiva, zbirki privatnih kolekcionara i pojedinaca te terenska istraživanja. Poseban naglasak je stavljen na pregled domaće literature o temi uzgoja duhana i načina njegova konzumiranja, budući da ta tema u Hrvatskoj gotovo da nije bila obrađivana s etnološkog aspekta. Detaljnije je prikazana muzeološka koncepcija te popratna događanja uz izložbu „Dim – priča o duhanu“ (Etnografski muzej, 30. 1. – 28. 6. 2015.).The paper presents data on the organisation of the Museum tobacco exhibition, i.e. the professional processing of the material from the Smoking Accessories collection of the Ethnographic Museum in Zagreb, insight into the holdings of other museums, archives, private collections and individuals, and field exploration. Particular emphasis was placed on national references on the cultivation and consumption of tobacco since the topic has hardly been discussed in Croatia from the ethnological aspect. The museological concept and accompanying events at the Smoke – the Tobacco Story exhibition (30 January to 28 June 2015) have been presented in greater detail