TO REFER OR NOT TO REFER: WHAT SHOULD WE DO?

Referral system applications are important pieces of Health System of WHOsuggesting to developed and developing countries since decades. Starts withdefining health centers as primary, secondary and tertiary, sustained with healthstaff and patients attendance. Referral system which supplies countries to use theirhuman and economical resources, are in application in very few country because ofsome obstacles. In Turkey, it is first tried in 1960's, but because of primary healthcare was not developed enough. Also in Health Reform Program, which is started toapplied in 2003, "gradual referral system" idea is accepted theorically. In 2008November, it is tried in 4 city, after couple of months in January 2009 it iscancelled.Researches are showing that, societies most of health problems are can be solved inprimary health centers. (%80-90) Thats why,referral system, is a system supportedby people who are working in these issues, because of the reasons; using moreefficient of human and financial resources, decreasing the barriers of academicdevelopment, increasing the service quality of secondary and tertiary healthcenters. However there are obstacles against referral system, still. To pass beyondthese obstacles, referral system, the advantages, obstacles and solutions must bedefined and able to be measurable.The aim of our research is to make addition to researches about family physiciansand specialists thoughts about referral system. This search is planned asqualitative. We used a detailed questinaire form for physicians, and applied with a in-depth interview method. All of the physicians were agree that referral system isneeded. But in small details they were separating

Plurilingual repertoires and identity constructions in transit states of the Arabian Gulf: A language portrait study with young people in a Turkish school

This study focuses on the role of plurilingual repertoires in the construction of identities among adolescents in the Arabian Gulf region. The region attracts numerous migrant workers, each contributing to the linguistic diversity of a largely multilingual yet under-researched population. We analyzed visual data - specifically language portraits (LPs) - and interview responses from twelve adolescents attending a Turkish school in this region. This school was chosen for two reasons: firstly, its plurilingual environment was representative of the diverse linguistic interactions we aimed to study, and secondly, the school offered convenient access to the study group as the first author was working there as a teacher. Our analysis contributes to the understanding of the complex and dynamic interplay between plurilingual repertoires and identity constructions. A thematic and metaphorical analysis of LPs reveals how the young participants navigated their identities amidst intricate relationships among social, territorial, imagined, and symbolic affiliations. These connections notably shape the dynamics of transit societies, particularly in settings where English is the common language

The Challenge of Femicide and Violence Against Women in Turkey

Violence against women in Turkey is a tangible manifestation of the way that Turkish men have used force to exercise dominance over Turkish women. It is considered by many in society as natural, cultural and possibly unchanging. Violence is, inarguably, a critical social challenge throughout Turkey and has not improved, even as the world is addressing it more and more. Violence against women is a crime against human rights, which this study attempts to address. The aim of this paper is to discover the reasons for femicide and violence and to determine whether a change in the legal system can ultimately resolve the problem. Indeed, in present-day Turkey it is very difficult to verify the precise levels of violence against women. The paper concludes that unless there is a fundamental change in attitudes towards women, especially on the part of men, violence against women and femicide will continue to be major challenges and will remain to be properly addressed by lawmakers. Furthermore, because attitudes towards women are not good in Turkey, official statistics regarding violence against women are unreliable, making it that much more difficult to implement targeted, effective measures to address violence against women and femicide.&nbsp

PROSPECTIVE SCIENCE TEACHERS’ VIEWS ON CAREER PLANNING AND THEIR SELF-EFFICACY LEVELS FOR CAREER DECISION-MAKING

The aim of this survey study was to determine prospective science teachers’ competency levels in making career decisions and to determine their views on career planning. The participants were 88 prospective middle school science teachers enrolled at the Science Teaching Program of a state university during the spring 2018. The data were collected through the Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale (CDSS) (Ulaş & Yıldırım, 2016) and open-ended, written extended response questions prepared by the researcher. The findings revealed that for career decision-making, the participants had high efficacy levels; they were predominantly doing their own career planning; and that they were influenced by their family members’ views. They envisioned career planning as a long-term process starting at birth and encompassing the whole school and professional lives. The majority thought that their career decisions affected every aspect of their lives

Use of Association Rule Mining within the Framework of a Customer-Oriented Approach

In this study, it was aimed to investigate whether an association rule exists between the products sold, using the sales data of a supermarket with the data mining method within the framework of a customer-oriented approach. For this purpose, the Association Rule Mining Method was used, and analyses were carried out on existing data with the Apriori Algorithm that is widely used in this method. Various association rules were determined between the products sold as a result of these analyses. It was assessed that Association Rule Mining is an alternative technique to proactive customer orientation by revealing the latent purchasing behaviour patterns of the customers

DEĞİŞİM OLGUSU VE ÖRGÜTLERDE İNSAN KAYNAKLARI YÖNETİMİNİN DEĞİŞEN FONKSİYONLARI

Değişim olgusunun tartışılmaz bir gerçek olduğu günümüz dünyasında örgütlerin mali ve fiziki sermayelerinin etkinliği ve sonuç üretebilme güçleri beşeri sermayelerinin etkinliği ve yetkinliği ile doğru orantılıdır. Teknolojinin ve mali yapıların örgütler için önemi tartışılmaz iken, bunlarıverimlilik ve performansa dönüştürecek olan güç insanların gönüllü sinerjik etkilerine bağlıdır. Bu amaçla örgütler insan kaynaklarının etkin yönetimine her dönemden daha fazla mahkumdurlar. Bu mahkumiyet ya da muhtaçlık klasik anlamdaki kayıt sisteminin ötesinde motivasyonu, güç oluşturmayı, sinerji yaratmayıve ehliyeti içermektedir. Bu anlamda bu makale örgütlerde insan kaynaklarıyönetimi olgusunu ve onun bir rekabet aracıolarak içinde yaşadığımız dönemde yenilenen ve zorunlu olan fonksiyonlarının neler olduğunu teorik olarak incelemeyi hedeflemektedir

Sonocatalytic degradation of methylene blue by a novel sno2-fe3o4@mwcnt hybrid nanocatalyst under ultrasonic irradiation

In the present work, SnO2-Fe3O4@MWCNT nanocatalyst was fabricated according to a sonochemical-hydrothermal procedure. The surface morphology and structure analyses of the synthesized SnO2-Fe3O4@MWCNT were investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, EDS, FTIR and BET analyses. The degradation efficiency of SnO2-Fe3O4@MWCNT nanocatalyst in MB solution was tested by several experimental conditions such as SnO2-Fe3O4@MWCNT dosage (8-20 mg/L), initial MB concentration (20-50 mg/L), initial solution pH (5-9), and ultrasonic output power (37-60 kHz). SnO2-Fe3O4@MWCNT nanocatalyst retained its efficiency as 85% at common experimental conditions of 16 mg/L of SnO2-Fe3O4@MWCNTs, 45 mg/L of MB, pH of 8, H2O2 of 15 mM, and 60 kHz in 60 min under ultrasonic irradiation. In addition, the optimum experiment conditions for SnO2-Fe3O4@MWCNTs in MB degradation were investigated. The experiment result showed that the degradation efficiency of MB was increased by adding H2O2 to the reaction medium due to forming more free radicals. Further, it was detected that OH center dot radicals were determined to be the dominant oxidative species in MB degradation using SnO2-Fe3O4@MWCNT catalyst. The reuse tests showed that SnO2-Fe3O4@MWCNT sonocatalyst preserved its very stable structure after using the same catalyst 5 times. The intermediates and by-products after MB degradation using the catalyst were indicated by GC-MS analysis. Overall the results showed that the SnO2-Fe3O4@MWCNT sonocatalyst has excellent potential for treating organic pollutants in wastewater

Greek atrocities in local press of Cyprus between 1958-1974

Bu çalışmada, Kıbrıs'taki Rum halkının 1958-1974 yılları arasında Türk halkına karşı yapmış olduğu mezalimler incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma ile Kıbrıs Türk halkının günümüzde bir devlet olabilme mücadelesini verirken bulunduğu şartlar ve bu mücadele için hem cephede hem de cephe gerisinde de halkın sağladığı katkının büyüklüğü ile dayanma azmi yerel basın gözüyle irdelenerek ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmanın birinci bölümünde, 1571-1959 yılları arasında ‟Kıbrıs Adası'nın Tarihi" hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Ada sırasıyla Hitit, Finike, Asur, Mısır, Persler, Photomeler, Lüzinyan, Roma, Bizans, Emevi, İngiltere ve Osmanlı Devleti tarafından yönetilmiştir. Bu dönemler içerisinde en iyi yönetildiği dönem Osmanlı idaresinde kaldığı dönem olmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti'nin son dönemlerinden itibaren Rumlar arasındaki milliyetçi fikirlerin artması ile Enosis fikri ortaya çıkmış ve bu fikir doğrultusunda hareket edilmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde ‟Kıbrıs Basın Tarihi" ele alınmış ve günümüze kadarki basın tarihinin gelişimi incelenerek Kıbrıs Milli Mücadelesindeki önemi ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmanın üçüncü bölümünde 1958-1963 yılları arasında Rumların Türklere karşı giriştiği ilk şiddet olaylarından Sinde, Atlılar ve Üç Şehitler katliamları anlatılmıştır. Bu katliamlarla Türklere gözdağı vererek Türkleri adadan kaçırmak istenmiştir. Çalışmanın dördüncü bölümünde 1963-1974 yılları arasında yaşanan Kumsal Baskını, Ayvasıl, Arpalık, Geçitkale Katliamları ve Pilot Yzb. Cengiz Topel'in şehit edilişi anlatılmıştır. Vatanlarını terk etmeyen Kıbrıslı Türklere karşı şiddet olayları artmış, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti buna sessiz kalamamış ve tepki göstermiştir. Çalışmanın son bölümünde, 1974 yılında Rumların Enosis ve Akritas planlarını gerçekleştirmek için bir kez daha harekete geçmesiyle Alaminyo, Muratağa, Sandallar, Atlılar, Taşkent'de yapılan katliamlar ile birçok Türk'ün şehit edilmesi, öldürülen ve yaralı Kıbrıslı Türklerin topluca mezarlara gömülmeleri anlatılmıştır.In this work, Cypriot Greek's atrocities against the Turkish community between the years of 1958 - 1974 were examined. With this work, conditions of Turkish Cypriot people in their struggle to establish a sovereign state and importance of the contribution provided by the people both in front and behind the line for this struggle and also their willingness will be examined from the point of view of local press. In the first section of this study, information about "The History of Cyprus Island" between the years of 1571 and 1959 were given. The Cyprus island was ruled by Hittites, Phoenicians, Assyrians, Egyptians, Persians, Ptolemaics, Lusignans, Romans, Byzantines, Umayyads, Ottomans and British. It can be alleged that the best management was realized during the Ottoman rule. Rise of nationalist ideas among the Cypriot Greek Cypriots during the last periods of Ottoman Empire caused to born of the ENOSIS notion and activities of Greeks in accordance to it. In the second section of the work, history of press in Cyprus was examined, development of press to modern times was studied and importance of the press in the National Struggle of Cypriot Turks was illustrated. In the third section of the work, some of the earlier violent actions of the Greeks against the Turks; such as Sinde, Atlilar, Üçsehitler massacres was recited. These massacres were aiming to intimidate Turks and make them to leave the island. In the fourth section of this study, the Beach Raid, Ayvasıl, Arpalık, Gecitkale massacres and martyrdom of Pilot Lt. Cengiz Topel was described. By this time, the violences against the Cypriot Turkish people who had insisted to stay in their homes increased and Republic of Turkey reacted to the situation. In the last section of the study, martyrdom of Turks during the massacres of Alaminos, Murataga, Sandallar, Atlılar and Taskent conducted by the Cypriot Greeks who were acting for the purpose of the realization of the ENOSIS and Akritas and burial of killed or wounded Turks in mass graves

NAPO as a novel marker for apoptosis

Apoptosis or programmed cell death plays a pivotal role in embryonic development and maintenance of homeostasis. It is also involved in the etiology of pathophysiological conditions such as cancer, neurodegenerative, autoimmune, infectious, and heart diseases. Consequently, the study of apoptosis is now at center of both basic and clinical research applications. Therefore, sensitive and simple apoptosis detection techniques are required. Here we describe a monoclonal antibody–defined novel antigen, namely NAPO (negative in apoptosis), which is specifically lost during apoptosis. The anti-NAPO antibody recognizes two nuclear polypeptides of 60 and 70 kD. The antigen is maintained in quiescent and senescent cells, as well as in different phases of the cell cycle, including mitosis. Thus, immunodetection of NAPO antigen provides a specific, sensitive, and easy method for differential identification of apoptotic and nonapoptotic cells

Acupuncture in Preterm Babies during Minor Painful Procedures

ObjectiveTo evaluate analgesic effects of acupuncture in preterm neonates during minor painful procedures.MethodsTen preterm neonates requiring heel prick for blood gas analysis were enrolled in the study, which had a crossover design. Oxygen saturation, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, heart rate, and crying duration were recorded before and after heel prick. Babies were given expressed breast milk before each procedure. Patients were randomly assigned to receive acupuncture or not, and the groups were crossed over on the following day, so that patients who had received acupuncture received only breast milk, and the previous breast milk only group received both acupuncture and breast milk. The neonatal infant pain scale (NIPS) was used for pain evaluation.ResultsCrying duration and NIPS pain scores during heel prick were lower in the neonates who had received acupuncture.ConclusionAcupuncture is an effective method for the treatment of pain in neonates