Bloqueio dos nervos ílio‐hipogástrico/ilioinguinal em correção de hérnia inguinal para tratamento da dor no pós‐operatório: comparação entre a técnica de marcos anatômicos e a guiada por ultrassom

ResumoObjetivoComparar a eficácia de bloqueios dos nervos ílio‐hipogástrico/ilioinguinal feitos com a técnica guiada por ultrassom e a de marcos anatômicos para o manejo da dor no pós‐operatório em casos de herniorrafia inguinal em adultos.MétodosForam randomicamente divididos 40 pacientes, estado físico ASA I‐II, em dois grupos iguais: nos grupos AN (técnica de marcos anatômicos) e US (técnica guiada por ultrassom), o bloqueio dos nervos ílio‐hipogástrico/ilioinguinal foi feito com 20mL de levobupivacaína a 0,5% antes da cirurgia com as técnicas especificadas. Escore de dor na avaliação pós‐operatória, tempo de primeira mobilização, tempo de internação hospitalar, escore de satisfação com a analgesia no pós‐operatório, efeitos colaterais induzidos por opiáceos e complicações relacionadas ao bloqueio foram avaliados durante 24horas de pós‐operatório.ResultadosEscores EVA em repouso na sala de recuperação e todos os valores clínicos durante o acompanhamento foram significativamente menores no grupo ultrassom (p<0,01 ou p<0,001). Escores EVA em movimento na sala de recuperação e todos os valores clínicos durante o acompanhamento foram significativamente menores no grupo ultrassom (p<0,001 em todos os tempos avaliados). Enquanto os tempos de internação e da primeira mobilização foram significativamente menores, os índices de satisfação com a analgesia foram significativamente maiores no grupo ultrasom (p<0,05, p<0,001, p<0,001, respectivamente).ConclusãoDe acordo com o nosso estudo, o bloqueio dos nervos ílio‐hipogástrico/ilioinguinal guiado por US em herniorrafias inguinais em adultos proporciona uma analgesia mais eficaz e maior satisfação com a analgesia do que com a técnica de marcos anatômicos. Além disso, pode‐se sugerir que a observação das estruturas anatômicas com a US pode aumentar o sucesso do bloqueio e minimizar as complicações relacionadas ao bloqueio.AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of iliohypogastric/ilioinguinal nerve blocks performed with the ultrasound guided and the anatomical landmark techniques for postoperative pain management in cases of adult inguinal herniorrhaphy.Methods40 patients, ASA I–II status were randomized into two groups equally: in Group AN (anatomical landmark technique) and in Group ultrasound (ultrasound guided technique), iliohypogastric/ilioinguinal nerve block was performed with 20ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine prior to surgery with the specified techniques. Pain score in postoperative assessment, first mobilization time, duration of hospital stay, score of postoperative analgesia satisfaction, opioid induced side effects and complications related to block were assessed for 24h postoperatively.ResultsVAS scores at rest in the recovery room and all the clinical follow‐up points were found significantly less in Group ultrasound (p<0.01 or p<0.001). VAS scores at movement in the recovery room and all the clinical follow‐up points were found significantly less in Group ultrasound (p<0.001 in all time points). While duration of hospital stay and the first mobilization time were being found significantly shorter, analgesia satisfaction scores were found significantly higher in ultrasound Group (p<0.05, p<0.001, p<0.001 respectively).ConclusionAccording to our study, US guided iliohypogastric/ilioinguinal nerve block in adult inguinal herniorrhaphies provides a more effective analgesia and higher satisfaction of analgesia than iliohypogastric/ilioinguinal nerve block with the anatomical landmark technique. Moreover, it may be suggested that the observation of anatomical structures with the US may increase the success of the block, and minimize the block‐related complications

Interview with Marjorie Harkins Buchanan Kiewit

In this interview with Julia Stringfellow, Marjorie Harkins Buchanan Kiewit, LU class of 1943, discusses her time as a student as well as her time on the Board of Trustees.https://lux.lawrence.edu/oralhistories/1036/thumbnail.jp

Unpublished Mediterranean and Black Sea records of marine alien, cryptogenic, and neonative species

To enrich spatio-temporal information on the distribution of alien, cryptogenic, and neonative species in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, a collective effort by 173 marine scientists was made to provide unpublished records and make them open access to the scientific community. Through this effort, we collected and harmonized a dataset of 12,649 records. It includes 247 taxa, of which 217 are Animalia, 25 Plantae and 5 Chromista, from 23 countries surrounding the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Chordata was the most abundant taxonomic group, followed by Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Annelida. In terms of species records, Siganus luridus, Siganus rivulatus, Saurida lessepsianus, Pterois miles, Upeneus moluccensis, Charybdis (Archias) longicollis, and Caulerpa cylindracea were the most numerous. The temporal distribution of the records ranges from 1973 to 2022, with 44% of the records in 2020–2021. Lethrinus borbonicus is reported for the first time in the Mediterranean Sea, while Pomatoschistus quagga, Caulerpa cylindracea, Grateloupia turuturu, and Misophria pallida are first records for the Black Sea; Kapraunia schneideri is recorded for the second time in the Mediterranean and for the first time in Israel; Prionospio depauperata and Pseudonereis anomala are reported for the first time from the Sea of Marmara. Many first country records are also included, namely: Amathia verticillata (Montenegro), Ampithoe valida (Italy), Antithamnion amphigeneum (Greece), Clavelina oblonga (Tunisia and Slovenia), Dendostrea cf. folium (Syria), Epinephelus fasciatus (Tunisia), Ganonema farinosum (Montenegro), Macrorhynchia philippina (Tunisia), Marenzelleria neglecta (Romania), Paratapes textilis (Tunisia), and Botrylloides diegensis (Tunisia).peer-reviewe

The scientific studies on smart grid in selected European countries

Smart grid is a power system consisting of many transmission and distribution systems subjected to an automation which are efficient, reliable and coordinated with each other. As a nature friendly technology, Smart grid come into prominence due to the increasing energy consumption and limited renewable energy sources around the world. In the near future, the use of renewable energy sources is not expected to grow rapidly; but the transmission and distribution systems will be enhanced by Smart grid technologies. Considering these significant benefits, the studies have been increased on Smart grid technologies to meet the energy requirement in each country. Herewith, the aim of this study is to analyse the scientific studies in developed European countries such as Italy, Germany, United Kingdom, France and Spain to find out the increment rate of the importance devoted to the Smart grid technologies in academicals manner. The scientific researches on Smart grid are achieved from the Web of Science database and the statistical analysis have been made by utilizing proper SQL queries in combination with Excel Power Pivot for these countries. The correlation between the scientific studies on smart grid and the virtual smart grid applications are also outlined for each selected country

The scientific studies on smart grid in selected European countries

Smart grid is a power system consisting of many transmission and distribution systems subjected to an automation which are efficient, reliable and coordinated with each other. As a nature friendly technology, Smart grid come into prominence due to the increasing energy consumption and limited renewable energy sources around the world. In the near future, the use of renewable energy sources is not expected to grow rapidly; but the transmission and distribution systems will be enhanced by Smart grid technologies. Considering these significant benefits, the studies have been increased on Smart grid technologies to meet the energy requirement in each country. Herewith, the aim of this study is to analyse the scientific studies in developed European countries such as Italy, Germany, United Kingdom, France and Spain to find out the increment rate of the importance devoted to the Smart grid technologies in academicals manner. The scientific researches on Smart grid are achieved from the Web of Science database and the statistical analysis have been made by utilizing proper SQL queries in combination with Excel Power Pivot for these countries. The correlation between the scientific studies on smart grid and the virtual smart grid applications are also outlined for each selected country

SECURITY ISSUES IN FLYING AD-HOC NETWORKS (FANETs)

Technological advancements in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) encourage the use of multi-UAV systems in military and civil applications. The most important benefit of the multi-UAV system is to fulfill missions that require collaborative and cooperative behavior which depends on communication between UAVs. Flying Ad-Hoc Network (FANET) is a technique that both solves the coverage range problem between ground station and the UAVs; and supports real time data transfer without any infrastructure. FANET, which can be considered another type of ad-hoc network, holds all security issues of ad-hoc networks. Besides, it might also have new security problems, because it consists of UAVs. In this paper, FANET security limitations and challenges are surveyed. In addition, open research areas are also discussed

The histomorphological findings of kidneys after application of high dose and high-energy shock wave lithotripsy

INTRODUCTION: In this animal study, we reviewed the histomorphological findings in rabbit kidneys after a high number of high-energy shock wave applications and observed if there were any cumulative effects after repeated sessions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We formed 2 groups, each consisting of 8 rabbits. Group 1 received 1 session and group 2 received 3 sessions of ESWL with a 7 day interval between sessions, consisting of 3500 beats to the left kidney and 5500 beats to the right kidney per session. The specimens of kidneys were examined histomorphologically after bilateral nephrectomy was performed. For statistical analysis, 4 groups of specimens were formed. The first and second groups received 1 session, 3500 and 5500 beats, respectively. The third and fourth groups received 3 sessions, at 3500 and 5500 beats per each session, respectively. The sections were evaluated under a light microscope to determine subcapsular thickening; subcapsular, intratubular and parenchymal hemorrhage; subcapsular, intersitital, perivascular and proximal ureteral fibrosis; paranchymal necrosis; tubular epithelial vacuolization; tubular atrophy; glomerular destruction and calcification. RESULTS: In histopathological examinations capsular thickening, subcapsular hematoma, tubuloepithelial vacuolisation, glomerular destruction, parenchymal hemorrhage, interstitial fibrosis, and perivascular fibrosis were observed in all groups. In statistical analysis, on the basis of perivascular fibrosis and tubular atrophy, there was a beats per session dependent increase of both. CONCLUSIONS: The detrimental effects from ESWL are dose dependent but not cumulative for up to 3 sessions. Histopathological experimental animal studies will aid in understanding local and maybe, by means of these local effects, systemic effects

Septo-Optic Dysplasia: A Case Report

An 18-year-old male patient was admitted with loss of vision in the right eye and blurred vision in the left eye. The right eye did not respond to the stimuli in the pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEP) test, and there was a significant delay in the p100 latency in the left eye. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a decrease in the calibration of both optical nerves, absence of septum pellucidum, and deformity in both frontal horns of the side ventricles. Despite the rare incidence of Septo-optik displazi (SOD), it should be considered in cases of unilateral or bilateral visual complaints, especially if optical nerve hypoplasia is also present. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2014; 44: 246-8

Distal Rektum Tümörü Nedeni ile Uzun Dönem Neoadjuvan Kemoradyoterapi Sonrası FOLFOX Tedavisi ile Ameliyatsız Takip Edilen Hastaların Erken Dönem Sonuçları

Amaç: Lokal ileri distal rektum tümörü (LİDRT) hastalarında konsolidasyon neoadjuvan kemoterapi (KNKT) sonrası klinik tam yanıt elde edilen hastalarda ameliyatsız takip (non-operative management (NOM)) stratejisi tercih edilen hastaların klinik tam yanıt, lokal nüks ve uzak metastaz açısından erken dönem sonuçlarını araştırmaktır. Gereç-Yöntem: Bu prospektif faz II kohort çalışmasında LİDRT hastalarında total mezorektal eksizyona (TME) uygun evre II veya III LİDRT hastaları, uzun dönem neoadjuvant kemoradyoterapi (nKRT) sonrası elde edilen yanıta bağlı altı kür FOLFOX (KNKT) tedavisine alındı; nKRT veya KNKT sonrası tedaviye yanıt vermeyen hastalara TME uygulandı. NOM hastaları ilk iki yılda üç ayda bir ve daha sonra altı ayda bir takip edildi. Bulgular: Eylül 2016 ve Kasım 2018 arasında, nKRT sonrası TEM ya da NOM stratejisine yönlendirilen 53 hasta belirlendi. 28 hastaya (% 52,8) nKRT sonrası TME uygulandı ve belirgin klinik yanıt elde edilen 25 hastaya (% 47,2) KNKT uygulandı. KNKT sonrası klinik tam yanıt elde edildi. 18 (%72) hastaya NOM uygulandı ve klinik tam yanıt elde edilemeyen 4 hastaya TME önerildi. Üç hastanın tedavisi devam etmektedir. Ortalama takip süresi 21,4 ay ve tümörün dentat çizgisi ile mesafesi 4.0 (0,3-6,0) cm olarak saptandı. NOM uygulanan dört (% 22,2) hastada lokal yeniden tümör büyümesi, rutin takip sürecinde tespit edildi ve kurtarma cerrahisi (TME) uygulandı. Tüm hastalarda kurtarma cerrahi sonrası pelvik kontrol sağlandı. Yeniden lokal tümör büyümelerin %75’i birinci yılda ve tümü rektum duvarında saptandı. Yeniden lokal tümör büyüme saptanan dört hastanın birinde (%5,55) ayrıca sistemik metastaz saptandı. Genel sağkalım %94,4 ve hastalıksız sağkalım NOM grubunda %77,7 olarak saptandı. Sonuç: Seçilmiş LİDRT hastalarında NOM stratejisi ile hem sfinkterin korunabildiği hem de pelvik tümör kontrolünün iyi bir şekilde sağlandığı ortaya konuldu. Fakat, en sık ilk iki yılda ve en sık da bağırsak duvarında saptadığımız lokal yeniden tümör büyüme riski nedeniyle hastaların yakın takibi kurtarma cerrahisi şansını kaçırmamaları için dikkatle yapılmalıdı

Retrofitting of masonry structures considering the architectural perspective: A case study in Foca, Izmir

3rd World Multidisciplinary Civil Engineering, Architecture, Urban Planning Symposium (WMCAUS); JUN 18-22, 2018; Prague, Czech RepublicMasonry structures have been preferred for centuries in most of the countries across the world because they are easy to build and economical due to the use of local materials in their construction. As a result of high usage volume, masonry structures that created the architectural section of history and culture constitute an important part of the current building stock despite the developing and diversified construction techniques nowadays. The protection of these structures, which are important both in terms of their cultural values and their transfer to future generations, is of great importance in the architectural point of view. For this purpose, a masonry structure from Foca is selected. The material properties and architectural plan of the structure are determined in accordance with the original one. The structure is modelled by using a software program under seismic effects. Displacement and stress values for each acceleration record are obtained. Besides, an evaluation is made in the direction of the analysis results and it is determined according to the seismic performance of the structure. After that, the structure is retrofitted according to the current design codes and without distorting the architectural perspective. This study aims to increase the structural strength of the case building by using conventional and modern techniques for the recovery of the structure