Corticosterone level alters optimal heat shock protein 90/glucocorticoid receptor ratio in hippocampus of stressed rats

Hippocampus (HIPPO) is one of the key brain structures, rich in glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a transcriptional factor involved in negative feedback of hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in response to stress. Heat shock proteins accompany GR maintaining its optimal conformation, ligand binding ability and translocation to the nucleus. In order to evaluate the expression of GR, Hsp90 and their ratio we exploited three diverse types of stress (acute immobilization, chronic isolation and combination of the two). Our results indicated the same pattern of expression and compartmental distribution for both proteins, as well as for their ratio, under acute and combined stress when the level of corticosterone (CORT) was high. On the contrary, when CORT was low, such as in chronic stress, Hsp90/GR ratio exhibited opposite pattern of expression and GR was not translocated to the nucleus.Physical chemistry 2008 : 9th international conference on fundamental and applied aspects of physical chemistry; Belgrade (Serbia); 24-28 September 200

Antioxidant enzymes expression in liver of stressed wistar rat

The antioxidant enzymes (AOEs) expression was studied in Wistar rat liver under two types of stress: acute (immobilization) and chronic (isolation). The acute stress induced increase in blood corticosterone (CORT) and glucose (GLU), but decreased AOEs expression, and such conditions may result in oxidative stress. In contrast to acute stress, in chronic stress conditions, when both CORT and GLU were low, the AOEs expression was markedly induced. This increase in MnSOD, CuZnSOD, and catalase exhibited similar trend implying efficient detoxification of O2 .- and H2O2.Physical chemistry 2008 : 9th international conference on fundamental and applied aspects of physical chemistry; Belgrade (Serbia); 24-28 September 200

Stress effects on the phosphorylation of c-jun-nterminal kinases and on nuclear translocation of hsp70 in rat hippocampus

Glucocorticoids have diverse effects in cellular processes in hippocampus (HIPPO) under stress. Beside genomic pathways, their effects are also mediated by direct activation of subfamily of mitogen-activated protein kinases termed, c-Jun-Nterminal kinases (JNKs). We analysed the phosphorylation status of cytoplasmic and nuclear JNK isoforms, and expression of its inhibitor Hsp70 protein in HIPPO of rats exposed to diverse types of stress. Activity of JNK1 in cytoplasm and nucleus was decreased in all types of stress, while the activity of cytoplasmic JNK2/3 was markedly higher in acute stress, and unaltered or lowered in chronic and combined stress. Hsp70 was significantly decreased in cytoplasm and increased in nucleus under all stress conditions indicating its cytoplasmic-nuclear translocation.Physical chemistry 2008 : 9th international conference on fundamental and applied aspects of physical chemistry; Belgrade (Serbia); 24-28 September 200

HPLC analysis of technetium(I)-99m labelled C60(OH)22

Fullerenols, water-soluble polihydroxylated fullerenes, are very important kinds of fullerene derivatives because it is suitable for biological study. In order to get convenient substance for studies (in vivo and in vitro) we investigate possibilities of labeling fullerenol. The HPLC results performed by isocratic HPLC, confirmed that hydrophilic organometallic [99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ precursor allows forming of 99mTc(I) complexes with fullerenol.Physical chemistry 2004 : 7th international conference on fundamental and applied aspects of physical chemistry; Belgrade (Serbia); 21-23 September 200

The photogenerated excess carriers influence on the photoacoustic signal of a narrow bandgap semiconductor

In this work, the influence of photogenerated excess carriers on thermodiffusion and thermoelastic mechanisms in the total photoacoustic signal is analyzed. Optically excited ntype silicon with light periodically modulated in the audio range from 20 to 20kHz showed that photogenerated excess carriers, with bulk and surface carrier recombination, lead to creation of slow thermal source (compared to fast source caused by photo-excited phonon) that have effects on thermodiffusion and thermoelastic mechanisms of the total photoacoustic signal at frequencies up to 1kHz, but also cause additional, plasmaelastic bending of semiconductor, which has an influence on the total photoacoustic signal at frequencies greater than 10kHz.Twenty-First Young Researchers’ Conference - Materials Science and Engineering: Program and the Book of Abstracts; November 29 – December 1, 2023, Belgrade, Serbi

The estimation of the frequency of cardiovascular diseases and glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in patients with spinal muscular atrophy

Spinalna mišićna atrofija (SMA) je autozomno-recesivno, progresivno, degenerativno oboljenje motoneurona u prednjim rogovima kičmene i nižim delovima moždanog stabla koje se klinički ispoljava atrofijom i slabošću mišića. Međutim, sve je više dokaza da je SMA zapravo multisistemska bolest, a ne samo bolest motoneurona. Tradicionalno, SMA se deli u četiri tipa (tipovi 1–4) na osnovu uzrasta u vreme početka bolesti i težine bolesti, pri čemu je tip 1 SMA najteži, a tip 4 SMA najlakši oblik bolesti. Cilj: procena prevalencije kardiovaskularnih bolesti i poremećaja metabolizma šećera i masti kod bolesnika sa tipom 2 i 3 SMA, kao i ispitivanje povezanosti ovih poremećaja sa kliničkim karakteristikama pacijenata. Materijal i metode: Ovo je bila studije preseka, sprovedena u periodu od jula 2018. do jula 2019. godine, koja je obuhvatala pacijente sa tipom 2 i 3 SMA uzrasta do 19 godina. Metabolička ispitivanja su učinjena kod pacijenata sa SMA uzrasta ≥2 godine. Presimptomatski pacijenti sa bialelnom delecijom gena za preživljavanje motornog neurona 1 (SMN1) su isključeni iz studije. Pacijenti sa akutnom infekcijom su inicijalno isključeni, ali su mogli da učestvuju u istraživanju nakon izlečenja. Kod svih pacijenata su učinjena odgovarajuća klinička ispitivanja koja su obuhvatala detaljnu anamnezu, fizikalni pregled, testove motorne funkcije, ehokardiografiju, ultrazvuk jetre, elektrokardiografiju, 24-časovni holter monitoring i laboratorijske analize (srčani biomarkeri, nivo glukoze i insulina u serumu, hemoglobin A1c, lipidni profil, testovi za procenu funkcije jetre, C-reaktivni protein [CRP] i nivoi leptina). Kod određenih pacijenata sa tipom 2 i 3 SMA, učinjeni su test oralnog opterećenja glukozom (OGTT), 24-časovni ambulatorni monitoring krvnog pritiska (AMKP) i magnetna rezonanca srca. Za procenu povezanosti između z-skora za indeks telesne mase (ITM) i logaritma HOMA-IR (homeostatski model za procenu insulinske rezistencije), kao i povezanosti između z-skora za obim struka (OS) i logaritma HOMA-IR, korišćena je regresiona analiza i analiza varijanse (ANOVA). Pirsonov koeficijent korelacije i Spirmanov koeficijent korelacije ranga korišćeni su redom za procenu povezanosti između z-skora za ITM i logaritamski transformisanih vrednosti leptina i procenu povezanosti između skora na proširenoj Hamersmitovoj (Hammersmith) skali motorne funkcionalnosti (HFMSE skor) i nivoa leptina. P-vrednost manja od 0,05 je smatrana statistički značajnom. Rezultati: U istraživanje su uključena ukupno 42 bolesnika sa SMA (27 sa tipom 2 i 15 sa tipom 3 SMA) čija je medijana starosti iznosila 7,2 godine (opseg 1,2–18,9 godina). Nijedan pacijent nije imao strukturnu bolest srca, osim jedne pacijentkinje koja je imala prolaps mitralne valvule. Niko od pacijenata nije imao znake srčane disfunkcije. EKG je pokazao sinusnu tahikardiju kod 7 pacijenata (16,7%) i produžen PR interval kod jednog pacijenta (2,4%). Holter monitoring je pokazao benigne ventrikularne aritmije kod 2 pacijenta (4,8%) i retke supraventrikularne ekstrasistole kod jednog pacijenta. Prosečna 24-časovna srčana frekvencija je bila povišena kod 6 pacijenata (14,3%), dok je minimalna frekvencija bila povećana, a maksimalan RR interval snižen kod 23 pacijenta (54,8%). Šest pacijenata (14.3%) je imalo povišen krvni pritisak mereno sfigmomanometrom ili na AMKP-u. Metaboličko ispitivanje je učinjeno kod 37 pacijenata, od kojih je 11 (29,7%) ispunilo kriterijume za predijabetes, ali nijedan nije imao jasno ispoljen tip 2 dijabetesa. Postojala je statistički značajna kvadratna povezanost između z-skora za ITM i logaritma HOMA-IR, F(2, 34) = 22,5, p < 0,001, kao i između z-skora za OS i logaritma HOMA-IR, F(2, 34) = 19,6, p < 0,001. Dislipidemija je otkrivena kod 11 pacijenata (29,7%), a 4 pacijenta (10,8%) su imala steatozu jetre na ultrazvuku...Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive, progressive, degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and lower brainstem, manifesting clinically as muscular weakness and atrophy. However, there is growing evidence that SMA is a multi-organ disease rather than just a degenerative disorder of the lower motor neurons. Traditionally, SMA is classified into four types (SMA types 1–4) based on the age of onset and the severity of the disease, with SMA type 1 being the most severe and SMA type 4 the mildest form of the disease. Objective: to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in patients with SMA types 2 and 3 and to correlate these abnormalities with patients' clinical characteristics. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study of type 2 and 3 SMA patients aged less than 19 years, conducted between July 2018 and July 2019. The metabolic evaluation was performed in patients ≥2 years of age. Presymptomatic siblings with biallelic loss of the survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene were excluded. Patients with an intercurrent illness were allowed to enter the study after the resolution of the illness. All eligible patients underwent a comprehensive clinical assessment, including complete medical history, physical examination, motor function testing, echocardiography, liver ultrasound, electrocardiography, 24-hour Holter monitoring, and laboratory analyses (cardiac biomarkers, serum glucose and insulin levels, hemoglobin A1c, lipid profile, liver function tests, C-reactive protein [CRP], and leptin levels). A subset of patients underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Regression analysis and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed to estimate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) z-score and the logarithm of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as well as the relationship between waist circumference (WC) z-score and the logarithm of HOMA-IR. Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were used to estimate the relationship between the BMI z-score and the log-transformed leptin levels and between the expanded Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale (HFMSE) score and leptin levels, respectively. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In total, 42 SMA patients (27 type 2, 15 type 3) with a median age of 7.2 years (range 1.2–18.9 years) were enrolled. No patient had structural heart disease except for one with mitral valve prolapse. None had signs of ventricular dysfunction. ECG showed sinus tachycardia in 7 patients (16.7%), and prolonged PR interval in one (2.4%). Holter monitoring detected benign ventricular arrhythmias in 2 patients (4.8%), and rare supraventricular premature beats in one. The mean 24-hour heart rate was elevated in 6 patients (14.3%), while the minimum heart rate was increased and the maximum RR interval decreased in 23 (54.8%). Six patients (14.3%) had high blood pressure as determined by sphygmomanometry or ABPM. Thirty-seven patients underwent metabolic evaluation. Of them, 11 patients (29.7%) met the criteria for prediabetes, but none had overt type 2 diabetes. There was a statistically significant quadratic relationship between the BMI z-score and the logarithm of HOMA-IR, F(2, 34) = 22.5, p < 0.001, as well as between the WC z-score and the logarithm of HOMA-IR, F(2, 34) = 19.6, p < 0.001. Dyslipidemia was detected in 11 patients (29.7%), and 4 (10.8%) had hepatic steatosis on ultrasound. Sixteen patients (43.2%) had at least one abnormal finding (prediabetes, dyslipidemia, or hepatic steatosis); all but one were non-ambulatory and 12 (75%) had BMI ≥85th percentile..

Effect of dietary supplementation with medium chain fatty acids on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, lipid profile and intestinal microflora of broiler chickens

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) diet supplementation on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, serum biochemistry and intestinal microflora of broiler chickens. The study was performed on 180 one-day-old broilers of the same origin (Cobb 500 hybrid), over a 42-day period. They were fed diets supplemented with three treatments: control group (basal diet without supplementation); group with MCFA supplementation; and group with MCFA and coccidiostat supplementation. Broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with MCFAs had a significantly greater final bodyweight. The weights of carcass cuts (breast, drumsticks with thighs and wings) were greater in broilers receiving MCFAs than in control broilers. The addition of MCFAs to broiler diet significantly increased villus length and crypt depth in the duodenum and caecum, and significantly decreased villus width in the duodenum and ileum. Additionally, serum HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were increased significantly in broilers with MCFA dietary supplementation. The results indicated that the MCFA diet supplementation had a beneficial effect on the performance of broiler chickens, their intestinal histomorphology and microflora.Keywords: Carcass characteristics, coccidiostat supplementation, nutrition, poultry, serum biochemistr

CONSTRAINED DYNAMICS OF TACHYON FIELD IN FRWL SPACETIME

In this paper, we continue the study of tachyon scalar field described by a Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) type action with constraints in the cosmological context. The proposed extension of the system introducing an auxiliary field in the minisuperspace framework is discussed. A new equivalent set of constraints is constructed, satisfying the usual regularity conditions

Type and frequency of chromosomal aberrations and importance of molecular JAK2V617F marker in primary myelofibrosis

Primarna mijelofibroza (PMF) je hronična, maligna hematološka bolest, koja se karakteriše leukoeritroblastnom krvnom slikom, anizopoikilocitozom eritrocita u obliku suze, različitim stepenom fibroze kostne srži i hepatosplenomegalijom usled ekstramedularne hematopoeze. Od genetičkih specifičnosti bolesti, ističu se hromozomske aberacije u patološkim, mijeloidnim ćelijama krvi i tačkasta mutacija V617F na genu JAK2. Osnovni cilj studije bio je ispitati kariotipske i citogenetičke parametre i prisustvo mutacije JAK2V617F u genomu bolesnika sa de novo PMF. Ispitani su i drugi dijagnostički parametari, njihove međusobne korelacije i njihov uticaj na kumulativno preživljavanje bolesnika. Analiza kariotipa vršena je konvencionalnom citogenetičkom metodom. Alel-specifična PCR analiza je korišćena za detekciju mutacije JAK2V617F. U studiji su korišćene deskriptivne i analitičke statističke metode. Retrospektivnom analizom citogenetičkih rezultata 61 bolesnika, registrovan je patološki kariotip kod 41% bolesnika. Zastupljene su bile aberacije specifične za PMF: 13q-, 20q-, +8, ali i aberacije ređe zastupljene u ovoj bolesti. Prospektivnom studijom bilo je obuhvaćeno 144 bolesnika. Ispitana je učestalost hromozomskih aberacija u kariotipu bolesnika, učestalost mutacije JAK2V617F, njihova međusobna korelacija i korelacija sa kliničkim i hematološkim, laboratorijskim parametrima. Hromozomske aberacije bile su zastupljene kod 29% bolesnika. Od specifičnih aberacija za PMF, najzastupljenija je bila trizomija hromozoma 9, a zatim 13q- i 20q-. Mutacija JAK2V617F je registrovana kod 55% bolesnika. Ispitivanjem korelacije mutacije i tipa kariotipa, odnosno mutacije i hromozomskih aberacija različitog stepena rizika, nije registrovana statistički značajna razlika (p=0.153). Ispitivanjem značaja kliničkih i hematološko laboratorijskih parametara registrovana je razlika u preživljavanju bolesnika različitih prognoznih grupa primenom Lilskog, Servantesovog, IPSS, DIPSS prognoznih sistema (PS-a) (za sve p<0.001), Mayo PS za sve bolesnike (p=0.001) i Mayo PS za mlađe bolesnike (p=0.013). Ispitivanjem uticaja mutacije JAK2V617F, pokazano je da ne postoji statistički zna čajna razlika (p=0,807) u preživljavanju bolesnika sa i bez mutacije...Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF) is a chronic, malignant hematological disease, characterized by leukoerythroblastic blood picture, anisopoikilocytosis teardrop-shaped erythrocyte, different degree of bone marrow fibrosis and hepatosplenomegaly due to extramedullary hematopoiesis. Among genetic specificities of the disease, those that stand out are chromosomal aberrations in pathological, myeloid blood cells and point mutation V617F in the JAK2 gene. The main goal of study was to examine karyotype and cytogenetic parameters and presence of JAK2V617F mutation in the genome of patients with de novo PMF. Additionally, other diagnostic parameters, their mutual correlations and their effect on cumulative survival rate of patients were examined. Karyotype analysis was performed by conventional cytogenetic method. Allelespecific PCR was used to detect the JAK2V617F mutation. The study used descriptive and analytical statistical methods. By retrospective analysis of cytogenetic results that included 61 patients, abnormal karyotype was registered in 41% of them. Specific PMF aberrations that were found are : 13q-, 20q-, +8, but also aberrations that are rarely present in this disease. Prospective study included 144 patients. The frequency of chromosomal aberrations was tested, so as the frequency of JAK2V617F mutation, their mutual correlation and correlation with clinical and hemato-laboratory parameters. Chromosomal aberrations were present in 29% of patients. Of specific aberrations for PMF, the most common was trisomy of chromosome 9, then 13q-and 20q-. JAK2V617F mutation was registered in 55% of patients. Examining the correlation between mutation and type of karyotype and mutation and chromosomal aberrations with various risk level, statistically significant difference was not registered (p=0.153). Examining the importance of clinical and hematological parameters, difference was registered in survival of patients with different prognostic groups applying Lille, Cervantes, IPSS, DIPSS prognostic systems (PSs) (for all p<0.001), Mayo PS for all patients (p=0.001) and Mayo PS for younger patients (p=0.013)..