The taxonomy, chorology and ecology of Stachys menthifolia Vis. (Lamiaceae) in the north-west part of its distribution area

The taxonomy, chorology and ecology of Stachys menthifolia Visiani were studied in its north-west distribution area. Two new localities of the same species were discovered in the eastern part of the Biokovo Massif, showing that the species is spreading in a north-west direction. As these localities present the only sure and verified finding places in Croatia, and as they form the north-west border of its distribution area, the autors suggest including this species as a rare subendemic in the next edition of the »Red book«, the vascular flora of Croatia

Atarch as as indicator of microtuberization in the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Razvitak gomolja krumpira je složeni razvojni proces koji uključuje promjenu razine regulatora rasta, sintezu specifičnih proteina i odlaganje škroba. Formiranje gomolja kontroliraju uvjeti kratkog dana i niske temperature. U uvjetima in vitro gomolji se mogu razviti iz pazušnih pupova na stabljici krumpira. U sklopu ovog diplomskog rada istraživano je odlaganja škroba u stanicama bočnih pupova izdanka krumpira (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. ΄Bintje΄) kao prvog znaka razvoja mikrogomolja. Biljke korištene u pokusima razmnožavane su nodijskim segmentima na podlozi MS uz dodatak 2% saharoze i 0,8% agara u razmacima od 4 tjedna. Segmenti stabljike presađeni su na podlogu MS modificiranu za razvitak gomolja koja je sadržavala 8% saharoze, 0,8% agara i 22 μM BA. Kulture su inkubirane na 20 °C u uvjetima kratkog dana (fotoperiod 12 sati). Za histološke analize pupovi su uzimani svaki dan tijekom 14 dana, fiksirani i bojani Lugolovom otopinom (IKI2) prije uklapanja u glicerol. Prvi znak odlaganja škroba uočen je treći dan pokusa u bazalnom dijelu bočnih pupova na podlozi za tuberizaciju. U eksplantatima uzgajanim u jednakim uvjetima, ali na podlozi bez BA odlaganje škroba nije uočeno niti nakon 14 dana. Četiri dana nakon prve pojave škroba bočni su pupovi zadebljali i tijekom sljedećih dana iz njih su se razvili mikrogomolji. Ovi rezultati potvrđuju važnost visoke koncentracije saharoze i prisutnosti BA u hranjivoj podlozi kao i duljine fotoperioda i temperature u procesu tuberizacije krumpira.Formation of potato tubers is a complex developmental system which includes important biological processes such as growth regulator level changes, synthesis of specific proteins and starch deposition. Tuber formation is controlled by short day and low temperature conditions. Axillary buds of potato stem can also produce tubers in in vitro conditions. Considering these facts the first sign of starch deposition during early development of microtubers in axillary buds of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. ΄Bintje΄) has been investigated. Potato plantlets used in the experiment were microcloned by nodal segments on MS medium with 2% sucrose and 0.8% agar in 4 week intervals. Stem segments were transferred on mod. MS medium for tuberization supplemented with 8% sucrose, 0.8% agar and 22 μM BA. Cultures were maintained at 20 ºC under short day conditions (12 hr photoperiod). For hystological analysis buds were taken every day for 14 days, fixed and stained with Lugol solution (IKI2) before embedding in glycerole. The first sign of starch deposition was noticed on day three in the basal part of axillary buds on tuber stimulative medium. In explants grown under same conditions but on medium without BA starch deposition was not noticed even after 14 days in culture. Four days after the occurence of the first starch deposition axillary buds were thickened and formed oval microtubers in next days. This confirms the importance of high sucrose concentrations and BA presence in nutrient medium as well as short photoperiod and temperature in the tuberization process of potatoes

AN APPROACH TO MULTIMEDIA PRESENTATIONS

Planning how to make a scenario for multimedia presentation of a museum we should ask ourselves weather we have used all the possibilities multimedia is giving us. The long time printed materials domination frequently results just in copying the content to the new media with a little or no change. Text, colour or photography reign in the print, while in a multimedia presentation we add the use of video, sound, animation, and the most important, interactivity. Using all advantages of multimedia, the desired material can be conveyed to the user more realistically. The quantity of the material being presented is also a frequent issue. Too much material (text, photos, illustrations, etc.) can repel the user when he/she sees its range at the first sight, as it is the case with a printed publication which dimensions realistically illustrate the quantity of the material. With multimedia, if the content is well structured, such problems do not exist, since the user will consume as much as he/she is interested in, not knowing how much material is yet to be searched. By making the right scenario for multimedia presentation of some content, we will achieve much more than it has been the case with a printed catalogue. Multimedia enables us to present the material in a more direct way becoming much more than a mere accompanying material of exhibition

Dizajn ambalaže trgovačkih marki

Dizajn ambalaže ima važnu ulogu u kreiranju funkcionalne komunikacije između potrošača i proizvođača posebno kod trgovačkih marki koje malo ulažu u oglašavanje putem masovnih medija. Komunikacijska vrijednost dizajna ambalaže i utjecaj kojeg isti ima na potrošače od presudne je važnosti za percepciju vrijednosti proizvoda što utječe na uspješnost proizvoda na tržištu. Uspješan dizajn ambalaže pridonosi stvaranju imidža trgovačke marke koji je u skladu sa zahtjevima ciljane publike čime se podiže vrijednost proizvoda. Prema rezultatima istraživanja za daljnji uspjeh trgovačkih marki na hrvatskom tržištu neophodno je razvijanje trgovačkih marki kao originalnih marki te ulaganje u kreiranje sveobuhvatne marketinške strategije koja se jednim djelom manifestira u obliku atraktivnog i dizajna ambalaže

Projekt "MHI - Muzeji Hrvatske na Internetu"

Muzejski dokumentacijski centar pokrenuo je još 1997. godine projekt Muzeji Hrvatske na Internetu kojemu je cilj bilo predstavljanje hrvatskih muzeja na Internetu na stručan i sustavan način

Nastajanje mrežnih stranica MDC-a

Prve mrežne stranice MDC-a bile su stranice u okviru projekta Muzeji Hrvatske na Internetu (MHI). Bio je to projekt koji je MDC pokrenuo 1996. godine, a u okviru njega, tijekom nekoliko godina, predstavljene su 33 muzejske ustanove, odnosno ukupno 50 muzeja, njihovih područnih zbirki i lokaliteta. U vrijeme kada su rijetki muzeji imali svoje mrežne stranice projekt MHI imao je velik utjecaj na predstavljanje hrvatske baštine u Hrvatskoj i svijetu. Mnogi su muzeji u to vrijeme bili oštećeni ratnim razaranjima i s građom u čuvaonicama, pa je ovo bio jedini način njihova predstavljanja

Atarch as as indicator of microtuberization in the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Razvitak gomolja krumpira je složeni razvojni proces koji uključuje promjenu razine regulatora rasta, sintezu specifičnih proteina i odlaganje škroba. Formiranje gomolja kontroliraju uvjeti kratkog dana i niske temperature. U uvjetima in vitro gomolji se mogu razviti iz pazušnih pupova na stabljici krumpira. U sklopu ovog diplomskog rada istraživano je odlaganja škroba u stanicama bočnih pupova izdanka krumpira (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. ΄Bintje΄) kao prvog znaka razvoja mikrogomolja. Biljke korištene u pokusima razmnožavane su nodijskim segmentima na podlozi MS uz dodatak 2% saharoze i 0,8% agara u razmacima od 4 tjedna. Segmenti stabljike presađeni su na podlogu MS modificiranu za razvitak gomolja koja je sadržavala 8% saharoze, 0,8% agara i 22 μM BA. Kulture su inkubirane na 20 °C u uvjetima kratkog dana (fotoperiod 12 sati). Za histološke analize pupovi su uzimani svaki dan tijekom 14 dana, fiksirani i bojani Lugolovom otopinom (IKI2) prije uklapanja u glicerol. Prvi znak odlaganja škroba uočen je treći dan pokusa u bazalnom dijelu bočnih pupova na podlozi za tuberizaciju. U eksplantatima uzgajanim u jednakim uvjetima, ali na podlozi bez BA odlaganje škroba nije uočeno niti nakon 14 dana. Četiri dana nakon prve pojave škroba bočni su pupovi zadebljali i tijekom sljedećih dana iz njih su se razvili mikrogomolji. Ovi rezultati potvrđuju važnost visoke koncentracije saharoze i prisutnosti BA u hranjivoj podlozi kao i duljine fotoperioda i temperature u procesu tuberizacije krumpira.Formation of potato tubers is a complex developmental system which includes important biological processes such as growth regulator level changes, synthesis of specific proteins and starch deposition. Tuber formation is controlled by short day and low temperature conditions. Axillary buds of potato stem can also produce tubers in in vitro conditions. Considering these facts the first sign of starch deposition during early development of microtubers in axillary buds of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. ΄Bintje΄) has been investigated. Potato plantlets used in the experiment were microcloned by nodal segments on MS medium with 2% sucrose and 0.8% agar in 4 week intervals. Stem segments were transferred on mod. MS medium for tuberization supplemented with 8% sucrose, 0.8% agar and 22 μM BA. Cultures were maintained at 20 ºC under short day conditions (12 hr photoperiod). For hystological analysis buds were taken every day for 14 days, fixed and stained with Lugol solution (IKI2) before embedding in glycerole. The first sign of starch deposition was noticed on day three in the basal part of axillary buds on tuber stimulative medium. In explants grown under same conditions but on medium without BA starch deposition was not noticed even after 14 days in culture. Four days after the occurence of the first starch deposition axillary buds were thickened and formed oval microtubers in next days. This confirms the importance of high sucrose concentrations and BA presence in nutrient medium as well as short photoperiod and temperature in the tuberization process of potatoes

THATCHERISM – POLITICAL CONCEPTION OF BELIEF

Velika kriza sedamdesetih u Velikoj Britaniji je poprimila dramatične razmjere u zimi 1978./1979., poznata kao Winter of Discontent. Nezadovoljstva izražena u štrajkovima nisu bila samo znak radničkih previranja radi ostvarivanja socijalnih prava već puno dublji pokazatelj ozbiljne državne krize. Kao odgovor na poremećaj u ekonomskome, političkome i društvenome životu pojavio se tačerizam i označio početak transformacije britanske države. Tačerizam je utemeljen prvenstveno na snažnim uvjerenjima i jakoj političkoj volji da se provedu u život. Internaliziranje i odanost idejama poput slobodnoga tržišta, individualizma, slobode i samoodgovornosti rezultirali su tačerizmom i respektabilnom političkom dugovječnosti. Svaka politika određena je vrijednostima koje zagovaraju političke vođe, a uspjeh je dobrim dijelom ovisan o tome koliko su vođe istinski odane vrijednostima koje sami zagovaraju. Revolucionarne promjene koje je provodila, učinile su Thatcher jednom od najvećih političkih ličnosti 20. stoljeća, ali neizbježno i kontraverznom.The crisis in Great Britain during the 1970s became dramatic in winter 1978/1979 known as Winter of Discontent. Dissatisfactions expressed in strikes were not only the sign of workers’ turmoil for realization of social rights but also a deeper indicator of serious state crisis. Thatcherism appeared as the answer to disorder in economic, political and social life and it marked the beginning of the Great Britain transformation. Thatcherism is based on strong beliefs and political will to implement them into life. Internalization and loyalty to ideas such as free market, individualism, freedom and self-responsibility resulted in Thatcherism and respectful political longevity. Every politics is determined by values advocated by political leaders and success greatly depends on how much leaders are truly devoted to values they advocate. Revolutionary changes, Thatcher conducted, made her one of the greatest but also controversial political personalities of the 20th century

New Analytical Models for determining Text Comprehensibility Standards in Mass-Media Communication

Autori se u svom radu usredotočuju na razumljivost tekstova objavljenih u medijima masovnog komuniciranja u teorijskom kontekstu medijske pismenosti i medijske kompetencije sa nakanom ustanovljenja elemenata standarda razumljivosti medijskih tekstova. Komparativnom analizom medijskih tekstova dnevnih novina, nacionalnog dosega,prije svega informativno političkog sadržaja kroz 11 kategorija /duljina teksta u rečenicama, duljina teksta u riječima, duljina teksta u znakovima, prosječnom duljinom rečenice, prosječnom duljinom riječi u slogovima, mjera leksičke gustoće, leksičke redundancije, mjera gustoće entiteta, kompleksnosti riječi po duljini slogova i po frekvenciji, mjere temeljene na procjeni složenosti riječi u novinskom korpusu/ autori potvrđuju hipotezu djelomične nerazumljivosti medijskih tekstova i značajne razlike u razumljivosti između medijskih nakladnika. Fokus istraživanja temeljen je na grupama sastavljenim od različitih dobnih i obrazovnih i socijalnih skupina autori uočavaju bitne razlike u percepciji razumljivosti medijskih tekstova kako po dobnoj tako i po obrazovnoj strukturi što ih dovodi do zaključka da se standardi razumljivosti trebaju napraviti anticipirajući stečena istraživačka saznanja ali i nastaviti u pravcu utvrđivanja svih relevantnih faktora percepcije medijskog teksta i njihovog utjecaja na razumljivost istog. Procjenom čitljivosti tekstova od strane “medijskih konzumenata” te uparivanjem s računalnim ocjenama složenosti tekstova, odabrane su najpogodnije mjere za automatsku ocjenu razumljivosti novinskih tekstova na hrvatskome jeziku. Pomoću odabranih automatskih mjera čitljivosti tekstova te ljudskom percepcijom čitljivosti tekstova, autori su pokušali doprinijeti izradi elemenata standarda tj. minimalnim zahtjevima na čitljivost teksta.In this paper we are focused on the comprehensibility of mass-media texts within the theoretical context of media literacy and media competence, in order to determine the elements of standards for their comprehensibility. Our comparative analysis of texts (primarily political news reports) from Croatian national daily newspapers confirmed the hypothesis about their partial incomprehensibility and considerable variation in comprehensibility between different media outlets. We analysed 11 different categories: the amount of text in a sentence, word length, symbol length, average sentence length, average word length in syllables, lexical density, lexical redundancy, the density of entities, the complexity of words by their syllable length and frequency, and measures based on the estimated complexity of words in the newspaper corpus. By observing groups of individuals with different age, level of education, and social background, we found significant differences in their perception and understanding of mass-media texts, depending on their age and education. This leads us to conclude that standards for comprehensibility need to be determined by taking into account the previously obtained research findings, while continuing work to establish all relevant factors of the perception of media text, as well as ways in which they affect its comprehensibility. We selected those measures that are best suited for automated assessment of comprehensibility of newspaper reports in the Croatian language by pairing comprehensibility assessments from the consumers of media with the results of text complexity computer analysis. By using selected automated measures of text readability and the human perception of text readability, we attempted to make a contribution to determining the elements of text readability standards, as the minimum requirement for text readability