Nyhedsformidling og frygt for kriminalitet i Reykjavik: Ændring i tryghed i 2001

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Childhood type 1 diabetes in Iceland; evaluation of quality of treatment

Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn View/OpenINTRODUCTION: The importance of adequate metabolic control in Type 1 DM has been repeatedly demonstrated in recent years. The care of diabetic children and adolescents in Iceland is centralized to one unit. The aim of the study was to analyze the quality of treatment and acute complications of Icelandic children with Type 1 diabetes. METHODOLOGY: The total number of diabetic children in paediatric care was 98. A cross-sectional survey was done for the period March 15th to July 14th, 2004. The results for the patient last visit to the diabetes clinic were recorded. HbA1c levels (DCA 2000) and number of severe hypoglycaemic episodes, were evaluated. RESULTS: The number of visits to the clinic during the 4 month interval were 83 (43 boys, 40 girls), mean age 13.3+/-3.78 years. Mean value of HbA1c in the cross-sectional survey was 8.16+/-1.31%. No difference in HbA1c was found between girls and boys. HbA1c increased with age in girls (p<0.01). Ten children experienced a total of 12 severe hypoglycaemic events during the period (43.4/100 patient years). CONCLUSION: Overall the metabolic control in children and adolescents with IDDM in Iceland is satisfactory compared to internationally published results. It is important to focus attention on children with inadequate metabolic control, especially adolescent girls, and children experiencing serious hypoglycaemic episodes.Inngangur: Á síðustu árum hefur endurtekið verið sýnt fram á mikilvægi góðrar blóðsykurstjórnunar hjá sykursjúkum. Umönnun langflestra íslenskra barna og unglinga með sykursýki fer fram við göngudeild á Barnaspítala Hringsins. Lýst er árangri meðferðar hjá íslenskum ungmennum með insúlínháða sykursýki. Efniviður og aðferðir: Heildarfjöldi barna og unglinga með sykursýki við göngudeildina var 98. Tekin var þverskurðarathugun á tímabilinu 15. 3. 2004 - 14. 7. 2004 og niðurstöður mælinga við síðustu heimsókn barnanna sem til deildarinnar komu voru skráðar. HbA1c (DCA 2000) og fall blóðsykurs var athugað. Niðurstöður: Fjöldi heimsókna í þverskurðarúrtaki voru 83 (drengir 43, stúlkur 40), meðalaldur 13,3 ± 3,78 ár. Meðalgildi HbA1c var 8,18 ± 1,31%. Enginn marktækur munur fannst á meðalgildi HbA1c milli stúlkna og drengja. Marktæk hækkun var á HbA1c eftir aldri hjá stúlkum (p<0,01). Tíu börn (12%) fengu 12 sinnum alvarlegt blóðsykurfall á rannsóknartímabilinu (43,4/100 sjúklingaár). Ályktanir: Niðurstöður rannsóknarinnar sýna að meðhöndlun barna og unglinga með sykursýki á Íslandi gengur allvel miðað við niðurstöður sem birtar hafa verið frá mörgum öðrum löndum. Þó er mikilvægt að fylgja betur eftir þeim sem hafa ekki nægilega góða blóðsykurstjórnun, sérstaklega hjá unglingsstúlkum og börnum og unglingum sem falla alvarlega í blóðsykri

European Sourcebook of Crime and Criminal Justice Statistics - 2010

This is the fourth edition of a data collection initiative that started in 1993 under the umbrella of the Council of Europe. Previous editions were prepared by an informal group of experts from several countries. The format developed during the compilation of earlier editions was maintained, especially the network of national correspondents and regional coordinators whose contribution has, once more, been decisive in collecting and validating data on a variety of subjects from 37 countries. While in the third edition some chapters could not be updated, the present document covers the years of 2003-2007 for all areas. In-depth analyses are presented for the year 2006. The basic structure of five chapters – offences and offenders known to the police, prosecution, convictions and sentences, corrections including non-custodial sanctions and survey data – has been maintained. However, several chapters were revised and extended in various respects. For example, efforts were made to extend the Sourcebook’s coverage beyond ordinary (‘street level’) crimes and to include offences such as fraud, offences against computer data and systems, money laundering and corruption. More detailed information has been collected for certain offences, e.g. assault, drug trafficking, sexual assault and sexual abuse of minors. In the chapter on prosecution, information about restrictions of freedom imposed upon persons under investigation, such as police custody, pre-trial detention, bail and electronic monitoring, has been added. In the chapter on convictions, more detailed information is now available on both adults and juveniles, including new forms of non-custodial sanctions (such as community service) and persons held in pre-trial detention. Chapter 4 continues along this line by including information on both those held in custody and those under the supervision of the correctional services. Finally, Chapter 5 presents data from the International Crime Victimisation Surveys conducted between 1989 and 2005. In addition, for the first time information is included in Chapter 5 on self-reported delinquency among juveniles (aged 13-16) that was collected in 2006 during the second international self-reported delinquency survey held in 17 European countries. Our basic collection principle was to gather information from the national correspondents. In a few cases, however, this was not possible and other channels were used, e.g. data provided by Eurostat, UNODC and the Council of Europe SPACE project on the basis of a mutual agreement of supporting each other’s initiative by exchanging information. The data for Chapter 5 was obtained through international surveys. The data presented here will be available on www.europeansourcebook.org as well. The electronic publication includes supplementary detailed technical information provided by national correspondents

European Sourcebook of Crime and Criminal Justice Statistics 2014

This is the fifth edition of a data collection initiative that started in 1993 under the umbrella of the Council of Europe. As was the case with the earlier editions, it was prepared by an international group of experts, who have recently formed a legal entity called European Sourcebook of Criminal Justice e.V.. The format developed during the earlier editions was maintained, especially the network of national correspondents and regional coordinators whose contribution has, once more, been decisive in collecting and validating data on a variety of subjects from 41 countries. New categories for the collection of data on community sanctions and measures and probation agencies were introduced with the support of the Confederation of European Probation (CEP). In addition, the chapter on victimization surveys for the first time refers to national studies, as no recent international survey was available. The present document covers the years 2007 to 2011 for police, prosecution, conviction and prison statistics, with detailed analyses for 2010

European sourcebook of crime and criminal justice statistics – 2021

This is the sixth edition of a data collection initiative that started in 1993 under the umbrella of the Council of Europe and has been continued since 2000 by an international group of experts that created the European Sourcebook of Criminal Justice e.V.1 and is also a Working Group of the European Society of Criminology. These experts act as regional coordinators of a network of national correspondents whose contribution has been decisive in collecting and validating data on a variety of subjects from 42 countries.2 This edition of the Sourcebook is composed of six chapters. The first five cover the current main types of national crime and criminal justice statistics – police, prosecution, conviction, prison, and probation statistics – for the years 2011 to 2016, providing detailed analysis for 2015. The sixth chapter covers national victimization surveys, providing rates for the main indicators every five years from 1990 to 2015. As with every new edition of the Sourcebook, the group has tried to improve data quality as well as comparability and, where appropriate, increase the scope of data collection. For example, offence definitions were updated to reflect the lessons learned from previous editions.peer-reviewe

Alvorlighedsgrad og anmeldelse: En islansk offerundersøgelse

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Ótti við afbrot á Íslandi: Skiptir aldur máli?

Rannsóknir á ótta almennings við afbrot og reynslu þeirra af þeim hafa verið framkvæmdar með reglulegum hætti hér á landi frá árinu 1989. Hér verða niðurstöður þessara rannsókna skoðaðar, sérstaklega í ljósi tengsla á milli reynslu einstaklinga af afbrotum og ótta þeirra við þau. Í þessu sambandi skipta aldur og kyn miklu máli og verða breytingar til lengri tíma sérstaklega skoðaðar. Fyrri rannsóknir sýna að karlar og þeir sem yngri eru óttast afbrot síður en konur og þeir sem eldri eru. Þá koma fram tengsl á milli reynslu einstaklinga af afbrotum og ótta við þau. Flestir þeirra sem óttast afbrot hafa þó takmarkaða reynslu af þeim, heldur fá upplýsingar um þau í gegnum fjölmiðla. Hér verður gerð tímalínugreining þar sem breytingar á ótta innan árganga verðar skoðaðar og þannig leitast við að fá betri mynd af þróun viðhorfa í tíma. Hægt verður að svara spurningum eins og: Eykst ótti jafnt og þétt með auknum aldri óháð ytri þáttum? Verða tengsl milli reynslu einstaklinga af afbrotum og ótta þeirra við þau sterkari eða veikari með auknum aldri

Childhood type 1 diabetes in Iceland; evaluation of quality of treatment

Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn View/OpenINTRODUCTION: The importance of adequate metabolic control in Type 1 DM has been repeatedly demonstrated in recent years. The care of diabetic children and adolescents in Iceland is centralized to one unit. The aim of the study was to analyze the quality of treatment and acute complications of Icelandic children with Type 1 diabetes. METHODOLOGY: The total number of diabetic children in paediatric care was 98. A cross-sectional survey was done for the period March 15th to July 14th, 2004. The results for the patient last visit to the diabetes clinic were recorded. HbA1c levels (DCA 2000) and number of severe hypoglycaemic episodes, were evaluated. RESULTS: The number of visits to the clinic during the 4 month interval were 83 (43 boys, 40 girls), mean age 13.3+/-3.78 years. Mean value of HbA1c in the cross-sectional survey was 8.16+/-1.31%. No difference in HbA1c was found between girls and boys. HbA1c increased with age in girls (p<0.01). Ten children experienced a total of 12 severe hypoglycaemic events during the period (43.4/100 patient years). CONCLUSION: Overall the metabolic control in children and adolescents with IDDM in Iceland is satisfactory compared to internationally published results. It is important to focus attention on children with inadequate metabolic control, especially adolescent girls, and children experiencing serious hypoglycaemic episodes.Inngangur: Á síðustu árum hefur endurtekið verið sýnt fram á mikilvægi góðrar blóðsykurstjórnunar hjá sykursjúkum. Umönnun langflestra íslenskra barna og unglinga með sykursýki fer fram við göngudeild á Barnaspítala Hringsins. Lýst er árangri meðferðar hjá íslenskum ungmennum með insúlínháða sykursýki. Efniviður og aðferðir: Heildarfjöldi barna og unglinga með sykursýki við göngudeildina var 98. Tekin var þverskurðarathugun á tímabilinu 15. 3. 2004 - 14. 7. 2004 og niðurstöður mælinga við síðustu heimsókn barnanna sem til deildarinnar komu voru skráðar. HbA1c (DCA 2000) og fall blóðsykurs var athugað. Niðurstöður: Fjöldi heimsókna í þverskurðarúrtaki voru 83 (drengir 43, stúlkur 40), meðalaldur 13,3 ± 3,78 ár. Meðalgildi HbA1c var 8,18 ± 1,31%. Enginn marktækur munur fannst á meðalgildi HbA1c milli stúlkna og drengja. Marktæk hækkun var á HbA1c eftir aldri hjá stúlkum (p<0,01). Tíu börn (12%) fengu 12 sinnum alvarlegt blóðsykurfall á rannsóknartímabilinu (43,4/100 sjúklingaár). Ályktanir: Niðurstöður rannsóknarinnar sýna að meðhöndlun barna og unglinga með sykursýki á Íslandi gengur allvel miðað við niðurstöður sem birtar hafa verið frá mörgum öðrum löndum. Þó er mikilvægt að fylgja betur eftir þeim sem hafa ekki nægilega góða blóðsykurstjórnun, sérstaklega hjá unglingsstúlkum og börnum og unglingum sem falla alvarlega í blóðsykri