The effect of pyrimethamine on human lymphocyte chromosomes used during toxoplasmosis therapy

Bu çalışmada toxoplasmosis tedavisinde kullanılan ve bir folik asit antagonisti olan Pyrimethamine'in (Daraprim) insan kromozomları üzerine klastogenik etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla toxoplasmosis testleri müspet çıkmış 10 hastamızın Pyrimethamine ile tedavi edilmeden önce ve tedavi edildikten sonra lenfosit kültürlerinden sitogenetik inceleme yapılarak kromozomlardaki sayı ve yapı kusurları değerlendirilmiştir. Sitogenetik değerlendirme sonucu tedaviden sonraki grupta sayısal bir arıomaliye rastlanmamasına rağmen yapısal kusurlar bakımından gap ve kırık sayısının tedaviden önceki gruba nazaran anlamlı bir şekilde arttığı gözlenmiştir. Fakat bu anlamlılığın özellikle tedavi esnasında folbiol kullanmayan iki hastadan kaynaklandığı dikkati çekmiştir. Özet olarak bu araştırmada Pyrimethamine'in insan kromozomları üzerine klastogenik etkisinin olduğu, kırık ve gap şeklinde yapısal kromozom kusurları oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir.For this purpose lymphocyte cultures of ten patients positive for toxoplasmosis have been evaluated cytogenetically according to numerical anomalities, structural anomalities (gaps and breaks) on the chromosomes before and after therapy with Pyrimethamine. According to our cytogenetical evaluations in the group after therapy, no numerical abnormalities could be seen, although the frequency of gaps and breaks has been found increased significantly compared to the cytogenetical evaluations of patients who have not received any therapy. This significance was due to two patients not having used folbiol during therapy

Transient depletion of innate immunity in varicella infections in otherwise healthy children

Objective: Varicella is a common childhood infection and has a number of complications in the unvaccinated population. Perforin, found in natural killer cells, is important for the killing of virally infected cells. For this reason, the aim of this study was to determine natural killer cell count and activity, perforin expression, and Fas and soluble Fas ligand (sFas-L) levels in immunocompetent children with varicella infection and define any possible relations between the levels and varicella complications. Material and Methods: Forty children were analyzed at diagnosis and on the 15th day of varicella infection. There was a significant difference in hemoglobin levels and leukocyte and platelet counts between days 0 and 15.Results: Thirteen (32%) patients were found to be lymphopenic. Natural killer cell count and activity were significantly higher on day 15 when compared to values at diagnosis. The Fas-mediated apoptotic pathway was found to be active in acute varicella infection because Fas and sFas-L levels at diagnosis were higher than values on day 15. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the Fas and Fas-L apoptotic pathway is active during the acute phase of the viral infection and that it becomes inactive by day 15, paralleling the hematologic recovery

Development of Islamic Religion’s Impact on Sport Activities Scale : Sportif Faaliyetlerde İslam Dini Etki Ölçeği geliştirme çalışması

This research was carried out with the aim of developing a Likert-type measurement tool which measured the influence of the Islamic religion on the attitudes and behaviors of the individuals participating in sports activities. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analyzes were carried out for the scale called “Islamic Religion’s Impact Scale in Sportive Activities”. Alpha values ​​of the sub-dimensions of the scale were determined as α = 0.90 for Motivation dimension, α = 0.90 for Moral dimension, α = 0.92 for Autocontrol dimension, α = 0.90 for Clothing dimension, α = 0.89 for Opposite sex dimension and α = 0.53 for Participation dimension It was. The total Alpha value of the scale was found to be α = 0.95. Positive and moderate strong relationships were determined between the sub-dimensions of the scale. As a result, the scale in which the development study is conducted can be used. ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Bu araştırma sportif faaliyetlere katılan bireylerin tutum ve davranışları üzerinde İslam Dininin etkisini ölçen likert türü bir ölçme aracı geliştirmek amacı ile yapılmıştır.  “Sportif Faaliyetlerde İslam Dini Etki Ölçeği” (SFİDEÖ) olarak adlandırılan ölçek için açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin alt boyutlarının alfa değerleri, Motivasyon boyutu için α=0.90, Ahlak boyutu için α=0.90, Otokontrol boyutu için α=0.92, Kıyafet boyutu için α=0.90, Karşı cins boyutu için α=0.89 ve Katılım boyutu için α=0.53 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ölçeğin toplam Alfa değeri ise α=0.95 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin alt boyutları arasında pozitif yönde orta ve yüksek düzeyde güçlü ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir P<0,01. Sonuç olarak geliştirme çalışması yapılan ölçek, araştırmanın amacına uygun olarak ölçmek istenilen özellikleri ölçen likert türü geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olarak kullanılabilir

İleriye doğru bozucu etkiden kurtulma ve bunun yönetici fonksiyonlarla olan ilişkileri : Turk Çocukları'nda gelişimsel bir çalışma

The aim of this study was to investigate the development of release from proactive interference (RPI) and its relations with executive working memory functions. 101 primary school children (aged 6-12 years) and 20 young adults (aged 22-30 years) participated in the study. The main task, the Categorical Free Recall Test, comprised 12 items from 3 different categories (animals, fruits, clothes). The purpose of the main task was to examine both the development of the RPI pattern and the categorization ability during childhood. As our results showed, the categorization ability and the RPI pattern were already present in the 1st graders. Although overall memory span increased with age, there was no significant development for the categorization and the RPI effect. For the additional tasks, the Word Span Test (WST, to measure the phonological WM capacity), the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST, to measure both the categorization ability and executive WM functions), and the Listening Span Test (LST, to examine executive and complex WM functions), the results indicated that children also improved with age. Overall memory capacity in the main task was best predicted by the WST; however, memory of serial position was best predicted by the LST. These findings are in accordance with the view that the WST measures the phonological working memory span, whereas the LST measures complex working memory and executive functions. The comparisons between the adult and the child sample revealed that except for the RPI pattern adults were better on all tasks than the children. The lack of a consistent RPI pattern for the adults may be due to the relatively short stimulus list.M.S. - Master of Scienc

Okul öncesi Türk çocuklarında olaysal biliş ve zihinsel zaman yolculuğunun gelişimi: ne, nerede ve ne zaman.

The goal of the present study is to investigate the development of episodic cognition and mental time travel and their relation with Working Memory, language ability, and counter-factual thinking in Turkish preschoolers (age range: 3 to 5 years). Overall, in order to investigate these concepts, we developed two main tasks: (1) a what-where-when (www) memory task that tests episodic memory of the past, (2) a future prediction task that tests episodic future thinking (mental time travel) and five additional tasks as possible predictors: (3) a story telling task which measures the development of the usage of the future-tense, (4) the Day-Night Stroop Task, (5) the Corsi Block Tapping Task, (6) a counter-factual thinking task, and (7) a questionnaire asking incidental episodic memory questions about the events related to the testing session. The results indicated that the main tasks and additional tasks developed significantly by age. The regression results showed that the www task depends mainly on executive functioning and episodic memory for younger children, while these predictors disappear for older children. For the future-prediction task, while the performances of 3-year-olds seem to depend on executive functioning and visuo-spatial abilities, none of the additional tasks seem predictive for the 4-year-olds indicating a process of re-organization. As for the 5-year-olds, linguistic abilities become more predictive indicating that episodic future thinking might later depend more on linguistic sources.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra

Conflict Resolution in Interpersonal Relations: Role of Counterfactual Thinking and Negative Social Emotions

This project examined the functionality of counterfactual thinking and related social emotions in interpersonal conflict resolution

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Data related to this project

The cognitive bases of the development of past and future episodic cognition in preschoolers

The aim of this study was to use a minimalist framework to examine the joint development of past and future episodic cognition and their underlying cognitive abilities in 3- to 5-year-old Turkish preschoolers. Participants engaged in two main tasks, a what-where-when (www) task to measure episodic memory and a future prediction task to measure episodic future thinking. Three additional tasks were used for predicting children's performance in the two main tasks: a temporal language task, an executive function task, and a spatial working memory task. Results indicated that past and future episodic tasks were significantly correlated with each other even after controlling for age. Hierarchical multiple regressions showed that, after controlling for age, the www task was predicted by executive functions, possibly supporting binding of episodic information and by linguistic abilities. The future prediction task was predicted by linguistic abilities alone, underlining the importance of language for episodic past and future thinking

Does Student’s Cognitive Flexibility Decrease During Pandemic? A New Approach to Measure Cognitive Flexibility

The aim of this study is to examine the cognitive flexibility before and during the COVID-19 pandemic through a different performance measurement suitable for online application. In the study, three different data collected in 2019 (T19), 2020 (T20) and 2021 (T21) were compared with both within-and between-subject designs. One-hundred-and-twenty-three university students were included in the study for within-subjects, 239 for between-subject. According to the findings of the study, the cognitive flexibility of the students who continue formal education in T19 is higher than the students who continue distance education in T20 according to both within-subject and between-subject design. Besides, in both designs, fewer total words were produced in T19 than in T20. The sentences created by the students who continue their distance education in pandemic stay around less categories and contain more words. According to the within-subject findings obtained at T20 and T21, the cognitive flexibility and total words produced at T20 were greater. In other words, the scores of the students decreased over time during the pandemic period. In T21, cognitive flexibility is not related to vulnerability, perceived risk, and fear of COVID-19. However, according to the regression results, vulnerability at T21 was predicted by the total word and total emotional word in T20. Accordingly, producing more total words in T20 reduced vulnerability in T21; however, using more emotional words in T20 increased vulnerability in T21. In addition, the number of siblings was negatively associated with vulnerability. Lastly, cognitive flexibility test was found to be reliable