NON-MONETARY PRICE AND CONSUMERS’ INTENTION TO BUY ONLINE

While online shopping is considered efficient and easy there is also another side of the medal, the consumers feeling of risk, uncertainty and strenuous when they shop online. Consumers shopping online exhibit an odd behavior of abandoning their shopping carts instead of proceeding to checkout. This behavior would be very unlikely to see in a physical store (Close & Kukar-Kinney, 2010). If this problem is not given proper examination and paid attention to, sales profit may decrease quite a bit. Retailers need to study the differences between online consumer behaviors versus in-store consumer behaviors. It is important for the online retail companies to learn about consumer behavior so that they can make changes accordingly to increase productivity. We suggests that the risk and effort related to online shopping can be viewed as an additional cost beyond the price, usually named as the nonmonetary price in the consumer behavior literature. We draw from this theory of nonmonetary price combined with what is known about the intention to purchase from online stores, to build and test a model of customers’ web store purchase intentions. Field data from 275 respondents was obtained and analyzed. The results indicate that purchase intention is influenced by the feeling of risk and effort in addition to the perceived value (such as competitive price and easily available products). The most interesting finding is that customers' whom invest a lot of effort in, e.g., comparing stores and identifying deals seems to generate strong purchase intentions, a finding that is the opposite of what we expected to find.

What I learned by doing craft when I got terminal cancer

In this paper I use theory on craft and psychophysical wellbeing to extract insights on the value and meaning I found in woodcarving after being diagnosed with terminal brain cancer. I continued to carve wood throughout the entire diagnosis and treatment period. I was already an experienced woodcarver and had done extensive research on my own making processes. Both the making and research provided meaning and value for me in my ordeal. I discuss three lessons I learned: 1) Deliberate controlling of attention on the here and now worked as a coping mechanism, giving meaning and value to my situation; 2) Grounding myself in physical touch with a close connection to the material contributed to maintaining my positive identity as both maker and researcher, and acted as another coping resource; and 3) As I made the objects, I re-made myself. My intention to save and finish these artifacts, and the joy I experienced as I finished them, gave meaning and purpose to my situation. These lessons support previous findings on craft and wellbeing, contribute insider insights on the use of wood in art making during cancer treatment, and they could potentially inspire others facing dire straits to use crafting to cope

Pedagogy first: realising technology enhanced learning by focusing on teaching practice

This paper explores a “pedagogy first” approach to technology enhanced learning developed by Sheffield Hallam University (SHU) as a method to encourage use of, and experimentation with, technology within teaching practice and to promote the mainstreaming of innovative practice. Through a consultative approach where all staff members were invited to contribute, SHU has created a Teaching Approaches Menu that reflects practice at the institution and can be used to explore teaching practice and appropriate supporting technology either by individuals or as part of a facilitated discussion. Background to the project is provided, along with the design philosophy and approach, including a brief review of other frameworks. The Teaching Approaches Menu is introduced, its development outlined, and some initial feedback is presented

Polysomnographic comparison of sleep in children with obesity and normal weight without suspected sleep-related breathing disorder

Short sleep and obstructive apneas/hypopneas have been shown to be associated with childhood obesity. Still, few studies have compared sleep in children with obesity, without suspected sleep disordered breathing and normal weight peers by objective sleep measures and compared results with subjective parent assessment of sleep. Children with obesity aged 7–13 years (N = 44) and a matched group of normal weight children (N = 42) completed clinical polysomnography (Embla A10 Recording System). Parents scored their children's sleep on the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Mann–Whitney U tests were used to compare groups. There was a higher obstructive apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) (median obesity = 1.20 vs. median normal = 0.66; z = −1.33, U = 560.50, p = 0.002) and number of oxygen desaturation events per hour (median obesity = 0.7 vs. median normal = 0.2; z = −3.45, U = 402.50, p = 0.001) in the children with obesity compared to children with normal weight. The children with obesity had a significantly longer sleep duration (median obesity 8:50 h = vs. median normal = 8:32 h; z = −2.05, U = 687.00, p = 0.041), longer stage N2 sleep (median obesity = 87 min vs. median normal = 52 min; z = −2.87, U = 576.50, p = 0. 004) and shorter REM sleep (median obesity = 94 min vs. median normal = 121 min; z = 5.05, U = 1477.00, p ≤ .001). No differences were observed for time in sleep stage N1 and N3, wake time after sleep onset or the total arousal index . Further, no group differences were found on the CSHQ sleep-disordered breathing sub-scale (p = 0.399). The children with obesity demonstrated significantly more mild to moderate sleep disordered breathing than children with normal weight, although this was not corroborated by parent report.publishedVersio

Hvordan sprekke bobla : En definisjon av hva som driver impact investment

Formål: Det økende fokuset på det grønne skiftet og bærekraftig utvikling setter krav på at finanssektoren er nødt til å ta mer ansvar. Flere blir stadig mer bevisst på at de må bidra til det grønne skiftet, men få vil finansiere den i frykt for å risikere kapital. Utover dette har det de siste årene dukket opp en ny investeringsform, kalt impact investment. Denne investeringsformen setter sitt fokus på å bidra med kapital til verdens mest pressede problemer. Enda er det ikke påvist hvorvidt denne investeringsformen er lønnsom, derfor ønsker vi å undersøke hvorfor en velger å investere gjennom impact investment. Forskningsmetoden består av en induktiv studie basert på semistrukturerte intervjuer med 5 impact investorer i Norge. Ved dette undersøkes hvilke emosjoner som er med på å påvirke deres motivasjon til å foreta investeringer. Vårt teoretiske grunnlag baseres på teorien til Richard Bagozzi m.fl. om målrettede emosjoner i målrettet atferd. Ved hjelp av modellen for måloppnåelsesprosessen vil vi kunne avdekke hvilke forventninger og hensikter som aktiverer og motiverer investorenes ønske om å foreta impact investment. Funnene våre viser til hvordan impact investorene drives av positive emosjoner koblet til det å jobbe med noe som er i samsvar med deres personlige verdier. Dette motiverer investorene å benytte sin kompetanse til å direkte investere i selskaper som bidrar til en positiv utvikling

Intestinal barrier integrity in anorexia nervosa (a pilot study)

Objective There is no conclusive evidence for involvement of intestinal barrier alteration in the etiology of anorexia nervosa (AN). The aims of this pilot study were to identify serum markers of intestinal barrier integrity in patients with AN and to determine the relationships between those markers and body mass index (BMI), eating disorder symptoms, gastrointestinal complaints, and liver synthesis function (international normalized ratio [INR]). Method Twenty-five outpatients with AN prior to starting treatment and 28 healthy controls (HC) were assessed. BMI and serum markers of intestinal barrier integrity were measured, including zonulin family peptides (ZFP), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), and intestinal fatty-acid-binding protein (i-FABP). Eating disorder symptoms and gastrointestinal complaints were evaluated via questionnaires. Results The serum ZFP concentration was significantly lower in patients with AN than in HC (44.2 [7.4] vs. 49.2 [5.6] ng/ml, mean [standard deviation], p = .008). LBP and i-FABP did not differ between the two groups. In patients with AN, serum ZFP was significantly predicted by BMI (β = 0.479, p = .009), age (β = 0.411, p = .020), and INR (β = −0.388, p = .028). No such associations were found for either gastrointestinal complaints or eating disorder symptoms. Discussion Abnormal levels of serum ZFP were observed in patients with AN. Further studies with other assessment methods are warranted to examine intestinal barrier function in AN.publishedVersio

Perceived barriers in family-based behavioural treatment of paediatric obesity – Results from the FABO study

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Background: To date, few studies have investigated perceived barriers among those who participate in and drop out of family-based behavioural treatment (FBT) for paediatric obesity. Examining experienced barriers during treatment, and their role in participation and completion of treatment has important implications for clinical practice. Objectives: To compare perceived barriers to participating in a family-based behavioural social facilitation treatment (FBSFT) for obesity among families who completed and did not complete treatment. Methods: Data were analysed from 90 families of children and adolescents (mean (M) age = 12.8 years, standard deviation (SD) = 3.05) with severe obesity enrolled in a 17-session FBSFT program. After completing 12 sessions or at the time of dropout, parents and therapists completed the Barriers to Treatment Participation Scale (BTPS), a 5-point Likert scale (1 = never a problem, 5 = very often a problem) which includes four subscales: 1. Stressors and obstacles that compete with treatment, 2. Treatment demands and issues, 3. Perceived relevance of treatment, 4. Relationship with the therapist. Results: Families who did not complete treatment scored significantly higher on the BTPS subscales stressors and obstacles that compete with treatment (M = 2.03, SD = 0.53 vs. M = 1.70, SD = 0.42), p = 0.010 and perceived relevance of treatment (M = 2.27, SD = 0.48 vs. M = 1.80, SD = 0.50), p < 0.001 than families who completed treatment. No other significant differences between groups were observed. Conclusion: Families are more likely to drop out of FBSFT when experiencing a high burden from life stressors or when treatment is not meeting the expectations and perceived needs of the family.publishedVersio

Make it NOW! – Learning, Exploring and Understanding

This issue of FormAkademisk features selected articles developed from papers presented at the Make it NOW! Learning, Exploring and Understanding conference in Rauma, Finland, September 28-30, 2016. This NordFo conference was organized by Rauma Unit of Turku University´s Department of Teacher Education. NordFo is a Nordic forum, supported by NordPlus, which since the 1980s has worked towards initiating, stimulating and reporting research and development work within the subject art and craft, textile work and woodwork and the teacher education in these subjects in the Nordic countries. The conference Make it NOW! aimed to “…provide an arena for discussions on craft, design and technology as an innovative combination of knowledge and skills related to eco-social values in altering the world according to human needs and wants” (International NordFo Conference in Rauma, 2016). This special issue of FormAkademisk called for articles with an emphasis on the theme Researching embodied making and learning – New methodological vistas on Making, however this did not exclude papers from other sessions. Additionally, this issue contains two other, independent articles that fit this special issue’s scope

Family-based treatment of children with severe obesity in a public healthcare setting: Results from a randomized controlled trial

To compare the effectiveness of family-based behavioural social facilitation treatment (FBSFT) versus treatment as usual (TAU) in children with severe obesity. Parallel-design, nonblinded, randomized controlled trial conducted at a Norwegian obesity outpatient clinic. Children aged 6–18 years referred to the clinic between 2014 and 2018 were invited to participate. Participants were randomly allocated using sequentially numbered, opaqued, sealed envelopes. FBSFT (n = 59) entailed 17 sessions of structured cognitive behavioural treatment, TAU (n = 55) entailed standard lifestyle counselling sessions every third month for 1 year. Primary outcomes included changes in body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS) and percentage above the International Obesity Task Force cut-off for overweight (%IOTF-25). Secondary outcomes included changes in sleep, physical activity, and eating behaviour. From pre- to posttreatment there was a statistically significant difference in change in both BMI SDS (0.19 units, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10–0.28, p < .001) and %IOTF-25 (5.48%, 95%CI: 2.74–8.22, p < .001) between FBSFT and TAU groups. FBSFT participants achieved significant reductions in mean BMI SDS (0.16 units, (95%CI: −0.22 to −0.10, p < .001) and %IOTF-25 (6.53%, 95% CI: −8.45 to −4.60, p < .001), whereas in TAU nonsignificant changes were observed in BMI SDS (0.03 units, 95% CI: −0.03 to 0.09, p = .30) and %IOTF-25 (−1.04%, 95% CI: −2.99 to −0.90, p = .29). More FBSFT participants (31.5%) had clinically meaningful BMI SDS reductions of ≥0.25 from pre- to posttreatment than in TAU (13.0%, p = .021). Regarding secondary outcomes, only changes in sleep timing differed significantly between groups. FBSFT improved weight-related outcomes compared to TAU.publishedVersio

Make it NOW! – Learning, exploring and understanding

This issue of FormAkademisk features selected articles developed from papers presented at the Make it NOW! Learning, Exploring and Understanding conference in Rauma, Finland, September 28-30, 2016. This NordFo conference was organized by Rauma Unit of Turku University´s Department of Teacher Education. NordFo is a Nordic forum, supported by NordPlus, which since the 1980s has worked towards initiating, stimulating and reporting research and development work within the subject art and craft, textile work and woodwork and the teacher education in these subjects in the Nordic countries. The conference Make it NOW! aimed to “…provide an arena for discussions on craft, design and technology as an innovative combination of knowledge and skills related to eco-social values in altering the world according to human needs and wants” (International NordFo Conference in Rauma, 2016). This special issue of FormAkademisk called for articles with an emphasis on the theme Researching embodied making and learning – New methodological vistas on Making, however this did not exclude papers from other sessions. Additionally, this issue contains two other, independent articles that fit this special issue’s scope. </p