State and Governance in the Contemporary International Economic System

Abstract. The end of the Cold War caused many changes in the world’s political and economic order. Under the newly reshaped world order, debate on the role of states with regard to governance of the international economic system has reached unprecedented levels, with some scholars proclaiming the end of the state and the beginning of a new era in a borderless world, and others insisting that nothing has changed with regard to the state’s role. It is obvious that, since 1991, changes in technology have greatly enhanced the volume, intensity and speed of international economic activities. In today’s highly interdependent world economy, the state’s power has indeed been transformed to meet the needs of changing international markets, but this transformation does not necessarily mean a diminishment in the power of the state. When an international crisis arises, neither private actors nor civil society organizations are called upon to solve the problem. The state as an actor appears to be turning to the economic scene these days through ongoing bail-out operations.Keywords: State, Globalization, Governance, International economic order.JEL Class: F23, F60, F68, G38

Emotional Connection, Cognitive Engagement and Post-Experience Behaviours in Religious Site Visits: A Search on Mawlana Museum in Konya, Turkey

This study looks at different motives that tourists experience for their vacations and visit different holiday destinations. Tourist experiences are more than physical travels to places. Therefore, major tourist destinations associate themselves with sacred people e.g. St. Philipius or Virgin Mary, sometimes a Sufi such as Mawlana or Khoja Ahmed Yasawi. These associations with the sacred people create emotional connections and cognitive engagements with these destinations. These emotional connections and cognitive engagements in turn lead to destination loyalty. Within this context, this study specifically aims at (1) exploring the effects of religious sites on emotional connections and cognitive engagements, (2) investigating how emotional connections affect tourists’ post experience behaviours, and (3) finding how cognitive engagements affect tourists’ post experience behaviours. The survey was conducted on the visitors to the Mawlana museum in Konya, Turkey between the months of December 2016 and April 2017. The findings show that the emotional connection factors affect the recommended intentions in high rates and the cognitive engagement factors create the re-visit intentions in high rates

Revisiting Free Market Utopia: A Hayek-Polanyi Reminder

Abstract. As pundits discuss the causes and results of the 2008 financial crisis and ensuing Great Recession, economists of various strands—led mainly by Keynesians—are slowly beginning to question the supposed wisdom of unfettered markets. Since Keynesian-liberal disputes revolve around the symptoms of the crisis rather than the historical and structural features of market economies, we thought that a Hayek-Polanyi comparison would be a timely intervention in order to understand the real nature of the subject. This comparison may also pave the way for the creation of an alternative to the vagaries of unfettered markets.Keywords. Polanyi, Hayek, Markets, Capital, State intervention.JEL. A12, A13, B13, B15

Clinical and Laboratory Features in Anti-NF155 Autoimmune Nodopathy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To study the clinical and laboratory features of antineurofascin-155 (NF155)-positive autoimmune nodopathy (AN). METHODS: Patients with anti-NF155 antibodies detected on routine immunologic testing were included. Clinical characteristics, treatment response, and functional scales (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] and Inflammatory Rasch-built Overall Disability Scale [I-RODS]) were retrospectively collected at baseline and at the follow-up. Autoantibody and neurofilament light (NfL) chain levels were analyzed at baseline and at the follow-up. RESULTS: Forty NF155+ patients with AN were included. Mean age at onset was 42.4 years. Patients presented with a progressive (75%), sensory motor (87.5%), and symmetric distal-predominant weakness in upper (97.2%) and lower extremities (94.5%), with tremor and ataxia (75%). Patients received a median of 3 (2-4) different treatments in 46 months of median follow-up. Response to IV immunoglobulin (86.8%) or steroids (72.2%) was poor in most patients, whereas 77.3% responded to rituximab. HLA-DRB1*15 was detected in 91.3% of patients. IgG4 anti-NF155 antibodies were predominant in all patients; anti-NF155 titers correlated with mRS within the same patient (r = 0.41, p = 0.004). Serum NfL (sNfL) levels were higher in anti-NF155+ AN than in healthy controls (36.47 vs 7.56 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and correlated with anti-NF155 titers (r = 0.43, p = 0.001), with I-RODS at baseline (r = -0.88, p < 0.001) and with maximum I-RODS achieved (r = -0.58, p = 0.01). Anti-NF155 titers and sNfL levels decreased in all rituximab-treated patients. DISCUSSION: Anti-NF155 AN presents a distinct clinical profile and good response to rituximab. Autoantibody titers and sNfL are useful to monitor disease status in these patients. The use of untagged-NF155 plasmids minimizes the detection of false anti-NF155+ cases. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class IV evidence that anti-NF155 antibodies associate with a specific phenotype and response to rituximab

Secure camera application on android phones

Günümüzde, akıllı telefonlarda bulunan kamera teknolojilerinin gelişmesi ile telefonlar dijital kameraların yerini almaktadır. Bu durum insanların hayatlarının her anında sayısız fotoğraf çekmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Sosyal medya ve fotoğraf paylaşım teknojilerinin gelişmesi ile insanlar sürekli olarak bu fotoğrafları herkese açık ortamlarda paylaşmaktadır. Kamera sensörlerinin üretimi sırasında oluşan kusurlar sebebiyle bu kameralar ile çekilen fotoğraflarda oluşan gürültü elementleri incelenerek kaynak kamera tespiti yapılabilmektedir. Kaynak kamera tespiti, adli bir vaka durumunda fotoğrafın kaynağının ispatlanması, bir fotoğraf üzerinde yapılan oynamaların tespiti gibi yöntemler için kullanılabilmektedir. Ayrıca bu gürültü elementleri bir saldırgan tarafından bir fotoğraftan diğerine taşınarak aynı kameradan çekilmeyen bir fotoğrafın bu kameradan çekilmiş gibi gösterilebilmesine neden olmaktadır. Herkese açık ortamlara yüklenen bu fotoğraflar belirtilen saldırılar ve illegal kaynak kamera tespiti için bir veri kaynağı oluşturmaktadır. Bu durumlardan korunmak için geliştirilmiş olan fotoğraf anonimleştirme teknikleri için kullanıcılara sunulan bir uygulama olmaması sebebiyle bu işlemler sadece teorik olarak kalmaktadır. Daha güvenli bir anonimleştirme için bu işlemin fotoğrafın çekildiği kaynak üzerinde yapılması gerekmektedir. Ancak böyle bir uygulama olmaması ve bu işlemlerin kısıtlı sistem kaynaklarına sahip akıllı telefonlarda çalıştırılamaması sebebiyle böyle bir işlev kullanıcılara sunulamamaktadır. Bu çalışmada önerilen parçalı fotoğraf anonimleştirme yöntemi sayesinde kısıtlı sistem kaynaklarına sahip akıllı telefonlarda anonimleştirme işlemi sorunsuz şekilde çalıştırılabilmektedir. Çalışmada, belirtilen yöntem ile geliştirilmiş ve kullanıcılara kaynak kamera imzası bulunmayan fotoğraflar sunabilen Güvenli Kamera Uygulaması geliştirilmiştir. Ayrıca parçalı fotoğraf işlemeye benzer bir yöntem ile HDR fotoğraflarda kaynak kamera tespitinin daha yüksek başarı oranları ile yapılabilmesi için bir yöntem önerilmektedir.Current advances on smartphone's camera technologies leads smartphones to replace digital cameras. This allows people to take images in all aspects of life. In accommodation with social media and data sharing technologies these photographs are uploaded on the internet publicly and continuously. Because of the defects on the camera sensors that are caused by manufacturing process, images taken by those camera sensors carries a hidden noise that allow source camera identification. Source camera identification is not only useful technique for proving the source camera of the image in forensic cases but also identifying forgeries in images. However, the noise element that can be extracted from the image is also allows an attacker to make illegal identity tracking and noise copy attacks to deceive forensic analysis. Publicly available images are easily become the source for these attacks. Image anonymization techniques to prevent such attacks are only theoretically avaible to users as there is no such application to provide it. Since it is more secure for users to apply this anonymization in the source camera that takes the image, it is important to have a such application in smartphones. Because of the absence of such application and impossibility of running these techniques on the smartphones that has limited system resources due to android task killer that kills the processes which are using most system resources when the system lacks resources, such functionality cannot be provided to users. In this study we provide a segmented anonymization technique to run the anonymization process on smartphones that has a limited system resources by limiting the resource usage of the process. Also, we provide a fully functional android secure camera application that using this technique to provide a secure image to users. In this process, we also provide a technique for better source camera identification with HDR images

Evaluation of Knowledge of Emergency Healthcare Workers Regarding Approach to Emergency Patients

Aim: Emergency units constitute the most important part of all hospitals. The aim of this study was to evaluate practitioners’ and healthcare providers’ knowledge and experience regarding emergency first aid in a hospital with insufficient facilities. Methods: 17 physicians and 25 assistant staff working at our hospital were evaluated in terms of their knowledge about and experience in “emergency medicine and trauma” by a questionnaire and by observations. Results: The results of observations and questionnaire indicated that knowledge and experience among physicians were inadequate in terms of basic life support and advanced cardiac life support. This lack of knowledge was not associated with age, time of employment, faculty graduated and training on “emergency medicine” in the group of physicians (r=0.301 p>0.05, r=0.317 p>0.06, r=0.228 p>0.05, r=0.284 p>0.05, respectively) and in the group of assistant staff (r=0.341 p>0.05, r=0.287 p>0.06, r=0.234 p>0.05, r=0.227 p>0.05, respectively). Conclusion: Considering that the most of the physicians are gathered in certain regions of our country and that there is a lack of emergency medicine specialists in underdeveloped regions, it has been concluded that physicians specialized in other areas and practitioners must attend emergency medicine trainings under the concept of “emergency medicine rotation”. (The Medical Bulletin of Haseki 2010; 48:103-5

Isolation of Shewanella putrefaciens from Goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus)

In the present study, the etiological agent that caused mortality in goldfish at an aquarium company located in Bursa in northwestern Turkey was identified. Diseased fish were lethargic, displaying a loss of appetite, ascites, and exophthalmia. Internal examination revealed that the kidney was surrounded by exudate and that the spleen and liver were pale. Microbiological examination showed that the kidney, spleen, and liver were infected by gramnegative, cytochrome oxidase, catalase, and H2S positive rod-shaped bacteria identified as Shewanella putrefaciens. Identification of the bacteria was confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Histopathological examination of the kidney, spleen, and liver revealed necrosis in kidney tubules and the presence of hepatocytes and hemosiderin in melanomacrophages. According to the disk diffusion method, isolates were sensitive to enrofloxacin (5 µg), florfenicol (30 µg), gentamycin (120 µg), and sulfamehoxazole+ trimethoprim (25 µg)