Turkish Paediatric Dentists’ Knowledge, Experiences and Attitudes Regarding Child Physical Abuse

Objectives Numerous studies have shown that the education of health professionals is essential to effectively respond to child abuse. The present study aimed to evaluate Turkish paediatric dentists\u27 knowledge, experiences and attitudes regarding child physical abuse. Materials and methods An electronic questionnaire was e‐mailed to 518 paediatric dentists. Participants’ knowledge of diagnostic indicators of child physical abuse, and their past experiences, attitudes and self‐assessment of educational needs were evaluated. Results The response rate was 40.9% (n = 212). Participants who completed their undergraduate education before 1997 received significantly less education on child physical abuse than participants who completed their education more recently (P \u3c 0.001). Although statistically insignificant, participants who completed their doctorate/specialty training after 2012 received increased education on child physical abuse (P = 0.06). Of the participants, 43.9% suspected physical abuse; however, only 12.7% reported it. ‘I did not know where and how to report’ was the most common reason for not reporting physical abuse. The rate of suspicion was higher among dentists from state hospitals or oral health centres (P \u3c 0.05). Of the participants, 70.3% did not know about the legal sanctions for delay in or not reporting suspected cases. Only 15.6% assessed themselves as competent to diagnose and report physical abuse. Almost all of them acknowledged their need for more education on this topic. Conclusion Turkish paediatric dentists’ educational needs for diagnosing and reporting of child physical abuse cases should be met

Evaluation of the Compatibility of Atrium and Ventricular Measurements in Thoracic Computerized Tomography and Coronary Computerized Tomography Angiography

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the consistency of the measurements of diameter and area of cardiac chambers in coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and contrast-enhanced thoracic computed tomography (CT) images.Materials and Methods: 30 patients who underwent thoracic CT and coronary CTA over a 6-month period between August 2016 and August 2019 were included in the study. Maximum left atrium area, anteroposterior and transverse left atrium diameter, right atrium transverse diameter, right and left ventricular transverse diameters were measured by two observers. Inter-observer and intra-observer Contrast-enhanced thoracic CT and coronary CTA measurements of the cardiac chambers were found to be perfectly compatible. Both left atrial axial area and AP diameter were evaluated on coronary CTA images and contrast-enhanced thoracic CT with excellent reproducibility.Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study that shows the measurement of diameter and area of the cardiac chambers in thoracic CT and coronary CTA and comparing them with each other. Thoracic CT, with its high reproducibility, could be a useful tool in evaluation of cardiac chambers

Determining the Level of Knowledge of a Group of Turkish Pediatric Dentists About Child Physical Abuse

ABSTRACT Özgür, N. Determining the Level of Knowledge of a Group of Turkish Pediatric Dentists About Child Physical Abuse. Hacettepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Specialty Thesis in Pediatric Dentistry, Ankara, 2018. Physical abuse is the best known form of abuse and is defined as any form of behavior that results in physical trauma or injury without an accident. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the level of information of Turkish pediatric dentists about child physical abuse and to learn their experiences about reporting and recognizing cases of physical abuse. Research has aimed to reach all pediatric dentists who have completed doctorate and specialty education in Turkey. The electronic link of the questionnaire was sent by e-mail to the addresses obtained from the Turkish Association of Pedodontics. 212 people returned the questionnaire, yielding a response rate of 40.9%. Participants who graduated from undergraduate education in 1997 and before were found to have significantly lower level of education about child physical abuse (p <0.001). The participants who have completed doctorate/specialty education between 2011-2013 were found to have significantly increased level of education on child physical abuse when compared to the other groups. (p <0.05). 43.9% of the respondents stated that they suspected physical abuse in their professional lives; however, only 29% of them have reported. The most common reason for not reporting was "I didn't know where and how to report."The rate of suspicion of child abuse was found to be significantly higher in respondents who were working in the state hospitals or oral health centers (p <0.05). 70.3% of the respondents stated that they did not know the legal sanctions to be encountered by the dentist who did not report or delayed in reporting suspicion of child abuse. Only 15.6% of the respondents found themselves competent enough to diagnose and report the physical abuse against children. 96.7% of them state that they want to get more information and education on this matter. It was concluded that improved ways to meet the Turkish pediatric dentists’ education need for child physical abuse should be sought.ÖZET Özgür, N. Türkiye’de Çalışan Bir Grup Çocuk Diş Hekiminin Çocuğa Yönelik Fiziksel İstismar Konusunda Bilgi Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Çocuk Diş Hekimliği Uzmanlık Tezi, Ankara, 2018. Fiziksel istismar, istismarın en çok görülen şeklidir. “Kaza sonucu olmayıp fiziksel travma veya yaralanmayla sonuçlanan herhangi bir davranış biçimi” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’de çalışan çocuk diş hekimlerinin çocuğa yönelik fiziksel istismar ile ilgili bilgilerini değerlendirmek, fiziksel istismar olgularını fark etme ve bildirme konusunda yaşadıkları deneyimleri öğrenmektir. Araştırmamızda Türkiye’deki doktora veya uzmanlığını tamamlamış bütün çocuk diş hekimlerine ulaşılması hedeflenmiştir. Türk Pedodonti Derneği’nden elde edilen 518 e-posta adresine hazırlanan elektronik anket formunun linki gönderilmiştir. Veri toplama süresi sonunda 212 kişi anketi cevaplamıştır (cevaplama yüzdesi %40,9). Lisans eğitimini 1997 ve öncesinde tamamlamış olan katılımcıların, çocuğa yönelik fiziksel istismar konusunda eğitim alma durumları anlamlı düzeyde düşük bulunmuştur (p<0,001). 2011-2013 yılları arasında doktora/uzmanlık eğitimini tamamlamış olan katılımcıların, çocuk istismarı konusunda eğitim alma durumları diğer gruplara göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Katılımcıların %43,9’u meslek hayatlarında çocuğa yönelik fiziksel istismardan şüphelendiklerini belirtmiş ise de şüphelenenlerin yalnızca %29’u bir bildirimde bulunmuştur. “Nereye ve nasıl bildirimde bulunacağımı bilmiyordum.” en sık bildirmeme sebebi olarak belirtilmiştir. Devlet hastanesi veya ağız diş sağlığı merkezinde çalışan katılımcıların çocuk istismarından şüphelenme yüzdesi, diğer gruplara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Katılımcıların %70,3’ü şüpheli istismar durumunda bildirimde bulunmayan veya bildirimde gecikme gösteren bir diş hekiminin karşılaşacağı yasal yaptırımı bilmediğini belirtmiştir. Katılımcıların yalnızca %15,6’sı çocuğa yönelik fiziksel istismarın tanılanması ve bildirimi için kendini yeterli bulmakta, %96,7’si ise bu konuda daha fazla bilgi ve eğitim almak istediğini belirtmektedir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, Türk çocuk diş hekimlerinin çocuğa yönelik fiziksel istismar konusundaki eğitim gereksinimlerinin karşılanması için çalışlmalar yapılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır

Diels-Alder reactions: The effects of catalyst on the addition reaction

WOS: 000360870100010The reaction between 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene and dimethyl 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene-2,3-dicarboxylate is efficiently achieved with small amounts of catalyst, i.e. phenol, AcOH, nafion, and beta-cyclodextrin. Exo-diastereoselective cycloaddition reactions were observed both without catalyst and different catalysts for 48 days. As a result, different products (tricyclicmolecule 5, retro-Diels-Alder product 6, and oxidation product 7) were obtained with different catalysts. In addition, we synthesized Diels-Alders product 8 and tricyclocyclitol 10 via Diels-Alder reaction. The structures of these products were characterized by H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, MS and IR spectroscopy. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Mersin University (BAP-FBE KA) [2010-5 YL]; Aksaray University, Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Aksaray, Turkey (State of Planning Organization) [2010K120480]The authors are indebted to Mersin University (BAP-FBE KA (OY) 2010-5 YL) for its financial support of this work and Prof. Dr. Hasan Secen, Prof Dr. Arif Dastan for their help during this work. The authors acknowledge Aksaray University, Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Aksaray, Turkey, for the use of the Bruker SMART BREEZE CCD diffractometer (purchased under grant No. 2010K120480 of the State of Planning Organization)

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in the parotid gland developed on the basis of neurofibromatosis type 1

Parotis bezi kökenli malign periferik sinir kılıfı tümörleri oldukça nadirdir. Olgular sporadik veya nörofibramotis tip 1 zemininde gelişebilir. Parotis bezinden köken alan neoplaziler genel olarak kolay palpe edilebilir ve masif karakterlidir. Tümör habis karakterde dahi olsa, tanı esnasında fasiyal paralizi görülme olasılığı çeşitli çalışmalarda %15 civarındadır. Halbuki sinirin kendisinden köken alan bir habis tümör, erken dönemde fasiyal paralizi yapmasına rağmen uzun bir süre fizik muayenede fark edilmeyebilir ve fasiyal paralizi etyolojisinde rol alan diğer neoplazi dışı hastalıklarla karışarak tanı ve tedavinin gecikmesine yol açabilir. Özellikle tip 1 nörofibromatozis olguları habis periferik sinir kılıfı tümörü gelişimi açısından yüksek riskli olgulardır. Bu yazıda nörofibromatozis tip 1 zemininde gelişen bir habis periferik sinir kılıfı tümörü olgusu bildirilmiştir.Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors arising from the parotid gland are very rare. They can develop as sporadic cases, or on the basis neurofibromatosis type 1. Tumors originating from the parotid gland are generally easy to palpate and have a solid characteristic. Even if the tumor is malignant in character, the incidence of facial paralysis at the time of diagnosis is around 15% in various studies. However, a malignant tumor originating from the nerve itself may not be noticed during the physical examination for a long period time although it cases facial paralysis and may be mistaken with other non-neoplastic diseases involved in the etiology of facial paralysis leading to a delay in the diagnosis and treatment. Especially patients with type 1 neurofibromatosis have a great tendency to develop malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. In this article a case of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor developed on the basis of neurofibromatosis type 1 was reported

Synthesis of tricyclic ring systems: [2+2] ketene addition reaction for preparation of tricyclic ketone, alcohol, and lactone derivatives

WOS: 000400020200007The addition of dichloroketene to 1,4-cyclohexadiene was examined. Dichloroketene, which was easily prepared from trichloroacetyl chloride and Zn-Cu, reacted with 1,4-cyclohexadiene in the presence of POCl3 to afford novel racemic products of single addition (5) and double addition (6). The adducts 6 and 7 were reacted separately with MCPBA (meta-chloroperbenzoic acid), H2O2, LiAlH4, and cis-diol 10 was reacted with PCC (pyridinium chlorochromate) to afford lactone, alcohol, and ketone derivatives likely to exhibit biological activity. The structures of all the racemic molecules mentioned in the article were determined from H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, MS, and IR data.Mersin University [BAP-FBE KA (OY) 2014-1DR, 2015-AP4-1235, BAP-FBE K (EYB) 2011-7 YL]; Aksaray University, Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Aksaray, Turkey [2010K120480]The authors are indebted to Mersin University (BAP-FBE KA (OY) 2014-1DR, 2015-AP4-1235 and BAP-FBE K (EYB) 2011-7 YL) for its financial support of this work. The authors acknowledge Aksaray University, Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Aksaray, Turkey, for the use of the Bruker SMART BREEZE CCD diffractometer (purchased under grant No. 2010K120480 from the State Planning Organization)

Differential regulation of diabetes-induced rat aorta ATP-sensitive potassium channels, Kir 6.1 and Kir 6.2, by pulsed magnetic field therapy

Amaç: Normal ve streptozotosin ile indüklenen diyabetik sıçanlarda serum kolesterol, glikoz, ve trigliserid seviyelerinin normale dönmesini, damarsal hasarların giderilmesini ve özellikle aort halkalarında gevşeme yanıtının oluşmasında olumlu etkileri olan pulslu manyetik alanın (PMA) streptozotosin ile indüklenen diyabetik sıçanlarda ATP’ye duyarlı potasyum kanalları alt ünitelerinden olan Kir 6.1 ve Kir 6.2 üzerine olan etkilerini belirlemek bu çalışmamızın temel amacıdır. Yöntem: Diyabet, sıçanlarda Streptozotosin uygulaması ile indüklendi. Diyabetik sıçanlara 1,5 mT şiddetinde pulslu manyetik alan tedavisi uygulandı. Aortları kesilerek çıkarıldı ve mRNA izole edilerek ardından cDNA haline çevrildi. mRNA ekspresyon düzeylerini belirlemek için Kir 6.1 ve Kir 6.2 mRNA’larına özgü primerler aracılığıyla real time PCR yapıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmalarımızda kullanılan PMA’nın, diyabetik sıçanlarda Kir 6.1 mRNA ekspresyonunu baskılarken ve Kir 6.2 mRNA ekspresyonunu indüklediği gözlenmiştir. Sonuç: PMA tedavisi aortda diyabete bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan endotel hasarlar ile ilişkilendirilmiş kasılma-gevşeme yanıtı ve vasküler tonda oluşan fonksiyon bozukluklarının kısmen iyileştirilmesini sağlar. Bizim buradaki bulgularımız, PMA’nın pozitif tedavi edici etkisini ATP’ye duyarlı potasyum kanallarının üzerinden gerçekleştirdiğini önermektedir.Purpose: Our goal is to determine the effects of pulsed field magnetic field treatment (PMF), which has been reported to lower blood cholesterol, glucose, triglyceride levels and recover vascular defects of diabetic rats, on ATP-sensitive potassium channel subunits, Kir 6.1 and Kir 6.2, of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat aorta. Methods: Diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin administration. Pulsed filed magnetic field treatment performed at 1,5 mT intensity on diabetic rats. Aortas were excised out and mRNAs were isolated and reverse transcribed into cDNAs. In order to evaluate mRNA expression levels, real time PCR was employed with primers specific for Kir 6.1 and Kir 6.2 mRNA. Results: In our studies, pulsed filed magnetic field treatment repressed Kir 6.1 but not Kir 6.2 mRNA expression in diabetic rats. Conclusion: In aorta diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction leads to impairment in contraction-relaxation response and vascular tone, which could be recovered in part by PMF treatment. Our findings here may suggest that the positive therapeutic effect of PMF possibly act through the regulation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels, Kir 6.1 and Kir 6.2