Current educational status of pediatric rheumatology in Europe: the survey results

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Comparison of Protective Effects of Melatonin and Amifostine on Radiation-Induced Renal Oxidative Stress in Rats

ΔΕΝ ΔΙΑΤΙΘΕΤΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΗΨΗIn this study, we aimed to compare the protective effects of melatonin and amifostine on radiation-induced oxidative stress. Fifty female Wistar rats (3-4 months old, weighing 200±25 g) were divided into five groups (with ten rats each) and treated as follows: control (Cont), radiotherapy alone (RT), radiotherapy + amifostine (RT+AMI), radiotherapy + melatonin (RT+MEL), radiotherapy + amifostine + melatonin (RT+AMI+MEL). Rats were irradiated individually with a single dose of 8 Gy and amifostine (200 mg/kg) and melatonin (10 mg/kg) was administered to rats 30 minutes before irradiation. At the end of this follow-up period (72 hours) the rats were sacrificed. Spectrophotometric Analysis has been performed to kidney tissue samples. As a result of statistical comparison between groups after RT, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) decreased, total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) increased, although the statistically significant change was only for OSI (p = 0.030). Addition of AMI or MEL to RT increased TAC and OSI significantly (p = 0.000), but there was no additive effect for TAC and OSI when both drugs were given together (p = 1.000, p = 0.172, respectively). In terms of TOS, statistically significant increasing was only for AMI (p = 0.000). There was protective effect when both drugs were given together against on Radiation-Induced Renal Oxidative Stress

A cadaveric histological investigation of the prostate with three-dimensional reconstruction for better results in continence and erectile function after radical prostatectomy

In this study our aim is to increase the understanding of the prostate and related organs anatomy for better continence and erectile function results after urological surgery. Prostate and related organs were dissected from seven cadavers. After dissection, 165 serial sections with 300 μm thickness were derived at a 100 μm interval. The histological images were examined and imported to the computer. Three-dimensional (3D) remodeling had been performed. The findings were evaluated into three categories: macroscopic, microscopic and 3D reconstruction. Striated muscle fibers had been detected at the anterior fibromuscular stroma in histological sections. In 3D remodeling, urethra seemed to be a complete functional unit, beginning from the trigone up to the membranous urethra. The neurovascular bundles run under the pelvic fascia on both sides and go through to the bladder neck at 5 and 7 o'clock. Computer remodeling demonstrated that neurovascular structures had a close association with the bladder neck and the seminal vesicle. Computer program made it possible to rotate all 3D-reconstructed figures by 360° and examine them from all possible angles. All reconstructed structures can be examined together at the same time or one by one. Surgeons must pay special attention to the continence area described as a single unit, beginning from trigone to the membranous urethra, during the surgery. Meticulous dissection of the neurovascular bundles, especially close to the seminal vesicles and bladder neck, during the radical prostatectomy is necessary. These reconstructions can be used for the educational purpose of medical students as well as the urology surgeons

Musculoskeletal sonography in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus

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Laser induced spinodal dewetting of Ag thin films for photovoltaic applications

Plasmonics is a promising approach to enhance light trapping properties of thin-film solar cells. Excitation of surface plasmons is characterised by a strong scattering and an enhancement of the electric field in the vicinity of the metal nanoparticle. These properties can be used to reduce the optical losses due to incident light reflection and to increase the optical absorption within the cell. Absorption can be enhancenced in the required wavelength region by tuning the surface plasmon resonance controlling the nanoparticle's size, shape, and local dielectric environment. Ag nanoparticles obtained by laser induced dewetting of metastable Ag thin films on SiO2 have been characterized. Size and characteristic patterning length dependency of nanoparticles on film thickness have been determined and spinodal dewetting has been identified as the process responsible for nanoparticle formation. The tunability of the plasmon resonance has been demonstrated through the manipulation of particle size and dielectric environment

Assessment of children presenting with rheumatic complaints to a tertiary center in Turkey: differences in an Eastern Mediterranean population

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