The effects of proton pump inhibitors for dispeptic complaints in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

As the most common liver disease in recent years, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has gained great importance. In recent years, a close relationship with insulin resistance has been shown in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and its severe form, NASH. This study aimed to observe the effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on insulin resistance and hepatosteatosis by causing hypergastrinemia. Forty-two patients diagnosed with steatohepatitis were included in the study. Seventeen of the 42 patients were followed up with dietary therapy alone, and 25 were followed up with diet+PPI for 2 months due to accompanying dyspeptic complaints. Biochemical and anthropometric measurements of the patients were made before and after the treatment. Levels of the following parameters decreased significantly after treatment in ca ses followed only with diet: total cholesterol (p=0.009), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (p=0.007), weight (p=0.004), waist circumference (p=0.006), and body mass index (BMI) (p=0.026). Whereas, there was a significant decrease in the levels of alanine tran saminase (ALT) (p=0.005), aspartate transaminase (AST) (p=0.009), total cholesterol (p=0.020), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (p=0.031), and waist circumference (p=0.008) after treatment with diet+PPI. After two months, the increase in the mean insulin resistance levels (HOMA-IR) in the diet group was significantly higher than the increase of mean HOMA-IR levels in the diet+PPI group (p=0.02). In conclusion, a significant improvement in liver enzymes was observed in patients with Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with 2 months of pantoprazole treatment added to dietary management

Ege Bölgesinde Konvansiyonel ve Organik Zeytin Yetiştiriciliğinin Ekonomik Analizi

Bu çalışmada, insan beslenmesi ve sağlığı açısından çok önemli bir ürün olan zeytinin yetiştirilmesinde, konvansiyonel yöntemlere alternatif olarak organik tarım yöntemlerinin uygulanabilirliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, Güney Ege Bölgesinin en önemli yağlık çeşidi olan Memecik zeytin çeşidinde Zeytincilik Araştırma Enstitüsünün Kemalpaşa üretim alanında 2004-2007 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada organik parsellerde toprak verimliliğini artırmak amacıyla yeşil gübreleme, organik gübre, organik tarım yönetmeliğinde izin verilen mineral maddeler, konvansiyonel parsellerde ise kimyasal gübreler uygulanmıştır. Zeytin sineği popülasyon takibi Mc phail ve sarı yapışkan tuzaklar, zeytin güvesi ise delta tipi feremon tuzaklar ile yapılmıştır. Organik parsellerde zeytin sineği mücadelesinde Ecotrap, neemazal ve kaolin uygulamaları yapılmıştır. Konvansiyonel parsellerde mücadele Fenthion ile yapılmıştır. Organik zeytin üretiminin brüt üretim değeri ve brüt marjı geleneksel zeytin üretimime göre daha yüksek, değişken masrafı ise daha düşük bulunmuştur. Organik zeytin veriminin ise konvansiyonel zeytin verimine göre daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştı

Comparative Evaluation of Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Regions Parameters in Benign and Malignant Breast Tumors

The aim of the paper was to evaluate the AgNOR parameters for the discrimination of benign from malignant breast tumors via a new approach -the total AgNOR area/nuclear area (TAA/NA). Material and methods. Three groups, consisting of control (n = 14), benign (n = 18) and malignant (n = 28) participants were included in the study. The AgNOR staining technique was performed and both mean AgNOR number and TAA/NA ratio were evaluated.Results. While the differences between the control and patient groups were statistically significant for AgNOR number (p 0.05). For the ratio of TAA/NA, the differences between the control and benign group (p < 0.001), control and malignant group (p < 0.001), and malignant and benign patient groups were significant. (p < 0.05).Conclusion. We consider that the evaluation of the TAA/NA rate, when compared with the AgNOR number, can be more sensitive and useful tool for distinguishing benign from the malignant breast lesions

Öğretmen Adaylarının Akran Liderli Tartışmalar Sonrası Çeşitli Sosyo-Bilimsel Konulara İlişkin Bilgi ve Görüşleri

Bu araştırmanın amacı, akran liderli tartışmalar sonrası öğretmen adaylarının çeşitli sosyo-bilimsel konulara ilişkin gelişimlerini incelemektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 21 son sınıf fen bilgisi öğretmen adayı oluşturmuştur. Öğretmen adaylarının ilgili sosyo-bilimsel konulara yönelik bilgi ve görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla oluşturulan soru formları ile uygulamalar boyunca alınan kamera kayıtları ve alan notları veri toplama araçlarını oluşturmuştur. Veriler betimsel analiz ve içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca, uygulama öncesi ve sonrası bilgi düzeylerindeki farkı tespit etmek amacıyla Wilcoxon İşaretli Sıralar testi yapılmıştır. Bulgular, öğretmen adaylarının bazı sosyo-bilimsel konularda naif, bazılarında ise daha yeterli bilgi düzeylerinde olduklarını göstermiştir. Akran liderli tartışmalar ise, öğretmen adaylarının bilgi düzeylerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artışla neticelenmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının görüşlerinin altında yatan gerekçelerde ise sıklıkla, sağlık, din, ekonomi gibi konulara rastlanmış; bu konulara ilişkin bilgi ve görüşlerinin çoğunlukla medya kanalıyla şekillendiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, öğretmen eğitimi programlarına sosyo-bilimsel konuları içeren derslerin dâhil edilmesi ve bunların akran liderli öğretim yöntem ve teknikleri ile pekiştirilmesi önerilebilir

THE EXPECTATIONS OF POST GRADUATE STUDENTS FROM ACADEMIC STAFF MEMBERS: THE EXAMPLE OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES INSTITUTION

In this study, the question of "What are the expectations of graduate students from academic staff members" has been focused so that the expectations of graduate students from academic staff members and to which extent they can attain these expectations could be found out. While determining the working group, maximum variation sampling, one of the methods of purposive sampling was used. At this point, our working group includes 9 master students and 10 doctorate (PhD) students in the educational sciences institution of Gazi University in 2009-2010 academic year. Measuring tools developed by the researchers of this study was used to obtainthe data, and the technique of category analysis was used while analyzing the data. As a consequence of this study, it has been found out that there are two kinds of sub-dimensions which are respectively Communication Skills related with the active learning process of graduate students and Personal Qualities along with Academic Adequacy related with academic staff members in terms of Academic Proficiency. There are some characteristics like being a model and ability to empathize under the sub-dimension of Personal Qualities while there are some characteristics like ability to empathize, the ability to use Turkish in an efficient way, use of body language and being objective under the sub-dimension of Communications Skills related with the academic staff members

STATION TECHNIQUE: A SAMPLE LESSON ACTIVITY ON CELLS

Purpose of this study is, evaluating products of students which were formed as a result of the activity prepared with station technique and their views which are related to this activity. This study was carried out with 20 sixth grade students who educated in Konya's Selçuklu Town in 2010-2011 education year. They were used as data gathering tool that semi-structured interview forms which prepared for determining activity products and views about this activity. NVivo 8 qualitative data analyzing program and descriptive analysis method was used for data analyzing. According to results of the study; cell and its parts were used correctly and impressive in activity products. Also, students expressed, they liked the activity, found it entertaining and regard it as an independent environment for telling their thoughts. But it is seen that some of the students didn't like the activity because of the reasons as can't generating ideas, not being taken into discussion and grou

INVESTIGATION OF PROSPECTIVE SCIENCE TEACHERS' ATTITUDES TOWARDS COMPUTERS IN TERMS OF DIFFERENT VARIABLES

The purpose of this study is to investigate prospective science teachers' attitudes towards computers in terms of gender, general academic achievement and grade level. This is a descriptive field survey. The study group of the research comprised of totally 226 students attending the Science Teaching Department of Education Faculty, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University. "Attitude Scale towards Computers" and "Demographic Information Form" were used as data collection tools. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. At the end of the study, teachers' attitudes towards computers were determined as in medium level. On the other hand, it was found out that prospective teachers' points of attitudes towards computers differed significantly according to gender and grade level. In addition, it was determined that the teachers' points of attitudes towards computers didn't differ significantly according to general academic achievement. It was revealed that there were high and medium-level positive relationships between prospective teachers' points of attitudes towards computers and gender, grade level and academic achievement

USE OF SCIENCE LOGS IN DETERMINING THE RELATION BETWEEN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND DAILY LIFE

In this study, science logs were used in order to investigate students' skills to relate science and daily life. The purpose of the study was to determine what kind of relations students can generally form between science and daily life without choosing any subject from science and technology curriculum and to specify their opinions about explaining these relations through science logs. Students' science log writing practice lasted for 3 weeks. The study group, which was determined through convenient sampling-one of purposeful sampling methods- comprised of 12 6th grade students in Selçuklu district of Konya. The study was designed in a purely qualitative fashion for all steps of sample selection, data collection and analysis. The technique that was preferred in the data collected through science logs were correspondence. Students' opinions about relating science to daily life by using science logs were taken through semi-structured interviews. For analyzing the study data, descriptive analysis was performed through NVivo 8 Data Analysis Program. According to the study results, it was determined that students could generally identify the subjects related to science but that they had difficulty forming a relation between what they came across and science. Students stated that they had pleasure in writing science logs and that although in the first couple of days they had difficulty in understanding whether what they came across was related or not, they liked it later on

Near- and Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Machine Learning Algorithms to Determine Minerals and Antioxidant Activity in Commercial Cheese

Erzincan Tulum Cheese (ETC) holds a significant place among the most popular cheeses in Türkiye. It has been awarded Protected Geographical Indication status, which restricts the allowable milk species, its production area, and specific sheep breed used in its production. Mineral content and antioxidant activity of ETC were aimed to be predicted using conventional FT-NIR and a portable FT-MIR spectrometer combined with partial least square regression (PLSR) and machine learning algorithms based on conditional entropy. Seventy ETC samples were analyzed for their mineral (Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, and P) content using ICP-MS. The samples' antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH•+ scavenging activity method. PLSR combined with FT-NIR spectral data correlated with antioxidant activity (r=0.89) and minerals (as low as r=0.83) except for Cr and Fe. FT-MIR data provided a good correlation for minerals (as low as r=0.82) except for Cr and Mn and a moderate correlation with antioxidant activity (r=0.64). Information theory was applied to select wavenumbers used in machine learning algorithms, and better results were obtained compared to PLSR. Overall, FT-NIR and FT-MIR spectroscopy provided rapid (~ 1 min), non-destructive, sensitive, and reliable output for mineral and antioxidant activity predictions in commercial cheese samples