2,515 research outputs found
Comment on the new AdS universe
We show that Bonnor's new Anti-de Sitter (AdS) universe and its D-dimensional
generalization is the previously studied AdS soliton.Comment: 2 pages; version 2: major changes including the titl
Multiatom Quantum Coherences in Micromasers as Fuel for Thermal and Nonthermal Machines
In this paper we address the question: To what extent is the quantum state
preparation of multiatom clusters (before they are injected into the microwave
cavity) instrumental for determining not only the kind of machine we may
operate but also the quantitative bounds of its performance? Figuratively
speaking, if the multiatom cluster is the "crude oil", the question is: Which
preparation of the cluster is the refining process that can deliver a
"gasoline" with a "specific octane"? We classify coherences or quantum
correlations among the atoms according to their ability to serve as (i) fuel
for nonthermal machines corresponding to atomic states whose coherences
displace or squeeze the cavity field, as well as cause its heating; and (ii)
fuel which is purely "combustible", i.e., corresponds to atomic states that
only allow for heat and entropy exchange with the field and can energize a
proper heat engine. We identify highly promising multiatom states for each kind
of fuel and propose viable experimental schemes for their implementation.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure
Cooperative Binning for Semi-deterministic Channels with Non-causal State Information
The capacity of the semi-deterministic relay channel (SD-RC) with non-causal
channel state information (CSI) only at the encoder and decoder is
characterized. The capacity is achieved by a scheme based on
cooperative-bin-forward. This scheme allows cooperation between the transmitter
and the relay without the need to decode a part of the message by the relay.
The transmission is divided into blocks and each deterministic output of the
channel (observed by the relay) is mapped to a bin. The bin index is used by
the encoder and the relay to choose the cooperation codeword in the next
transmission block. In causal settings the cooperation is independent of the
state. In \emph{non-causal} settings dependency between the relay's
transmission and the state can increase the transmission rates. The encoder
implicitly conveys partial state information to the relay. In particular, it
uses the states of the next block and selects a cooperation codeword
accordingly and the relay transmission depends on the cooperation codeword and
therefore also on the states. We also consider the multiple access channel with
partial cribbing as a semi-deterministic channel. The capacity region of this
channel with non-causal CSI is achieved by the new scheme. Examining the result
in several cases, we introduce a new problem of a point-to-point (PTP) channel
where the state is provided to the transmitter by a state encoder.
Interestingly, even though the CSI is also available at the receiver, we
provide an example which shows that the capacity with non-causal CSI at the
state encoder is strictly larger than the capacity with causal CSI
Work and Heat Value of Bound Entanglement
Entanglement has recently been recognized as an energy resource which can
outperform classical resources if decoherence is relatively low. Multi-atom
entangled states can mutate irreversibly to so called bound entangled (BE)
states under noise. Resource value of BE states in information applications has
been under critical study and a few cases where they can be useful have been
identified. We explore the energetic value of typical BE states. Maximal work
extraction is determined in terms of ergotropy. Since the BE states are
non-thermal, extracting heat from them is less obvious. We compare single and
repeated interaction schemes to operationally define and harvest heat from BE
states. BE and free entangled (FE) states are compared in terms of their
ergotropy and maximal heat values. Distinct roles of distillability in work and
heat values of FE and BE states are pointed out. Decoherence effects in
dynamics of ergotropy and mutation of FE states into BE states are examined to
clarify significance of the work value of BE states. Thermometry of
distillability of entanglement using micromaser cavity is proposed.Comment: 22 pages, 10 figure
Creating Multi-Level Skill Hierarchies in Reinforcement Learning
What is a useful skill hierarchy for an autonomous agent? We propose an answer based on the graphical structure of an agent's interaction with its environment. Our approach uses hierarchical graph partitioning to expose the structure of the graph at varying timescales, producing a skill hierarchy with multiple levels of abstraction. At each level of the hierarchy, skills move the agent between regions of the state space that are well connected within themselves but weakly connected to each other. We illustrate the utility of the proposed skill hierarchy in a wide variety of domains in the context of reinforcement learning
Cylindrically Symmetric Vacuum Solutions in Higher Dimensional Brans-Dicke Theory
Higher dimensional, static, cylindrically symmetric vacuum solutions with and
without a cosmological constant in the Brans-Dicke theory are presented. We
show that, for a negative cosmological constant and for specific values of the
parameters, a particular subclass of these solutions include higher dimensional
topological black hole-type solutions with a flat horizon topology. We briefly
extend our discussion to stationary vacuum and vacuum solutions.Comment: V3: Published Versio
Godel-type Metrics in Various Dimensions II: Inclusion of a Dilaton Field
This is the continuation of an earlier work where Godel-type metrics were
defined and used for producing new solutions in various dimensions. Here a
simplifying technical assumption is relaxed which, among other things,
basically amounts to introducing a dilaton field to the models considered. It
is explicitly shown that the conformally transformed Godel-type metrics can be
used in solving a rather general class of Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton-3-form field
theories in D >= 6 dimensions. All field equations can be reduced to a simple
"Maxwell equation" in the relevant (D-1)-dimensional Riemannian background due
to a neat construction that relates the matter fields. These tools are then
used in obtaining exact solutions to the bosonic parts of various supergravity
theories. It is shown that there is a wide range of suitable backgrounds that
can be used in producing solutions. For the specific case of (D-1)-dimensional
trivially flat Riemannian backgrounds, the D-dimensional generalizations of the
well known Majumdar-Papapetrou metrics of general relativity arise naturally.Comment: REVTeX4, 17 pp., no figures, a few clarifying remarks added and
grammatical errors correcte
A Novel Broadband Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm With Incomplete-Leaf Tree Structures for Multiscale Electromagnetic Problems
An efficient and versatile broadband multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA), which is capable of handling large multiscale electromagnetic problems with a wide dynamic range of mesh sizes, is presented. By invoking a novel concept of incomplete-leaf tree structures, where only the overcrowded boxes are divided into smaller ones for a given population threshold, versatility of using variable-sized boxes is achieved. Consequently, for geometries containing highly overmeshed local regions, the proposed method is always more efficient than the conventional MLFMA for the same accuracy, while it is always more accurate if the efficiency is comparable. Furthermore, in such a population-based clustering scenario, the error is controllable regardless of the number of levels. Several canonical examples are provided to demonstrate the superior efficiency and accuracy of the proposed algorithm in comparison with the conventional MLFMA
Preoperative liver registration for augmented monocular laparoscopy using backward–forward biomechanical simulation
PURPOSE: Augmented reality for monocular laparoscopy from a preoperative volume such as CT is achieved in two steps. The first step is to segment the organ in the preoperative volume and reconstruct its 3D model. The second step is to register the preoperative 3D model to an initial intraoperative laparoscopy image. To date, there does not exist an automatic initial registration method to solve the second step for the liver in the de facto operating room conditions of monocular laparoscopy. Existing methods attempt to solve for both deformation and pose simultaneously, leading to nonconvex problems with no optimal solution algorithms. METHODS: We propose in contrast to break the problem down into two parts, solving for (i) deformation and (ii) pose. Part (i) simulates biomechanical deformations from the preoperative to the intraoperative state to predict the liver’s unknown intraoperative shape by modeling gravity, the abdominopelvic cavity’s pressure and boundary conditions. Part (ii) rigidly registers the simulated shape to the laparoscopy image using contour cues. RESULTS: Our formulation leads to a well-posed problem, contrary to existing methods. This is because it exploits strong environment priors to complement the weak laparoscopic visual cues. CONCLUSION: Quantitative results with in silico and phantom experiments and qualitative results with laparosurgery images for two patients show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art in accuracy and registration time
New Supersymmetric Solutions in N=2 Matter Coupled AdS_3 Supergravities
We construct new 1/2 supersymmetric solutions in D=3, N=2, matter coupled,
U(1) gauged supergravities and study some of their properties. We do this by
employing a quite general supersymmetry breaking condition, from which we also
redrive some of the already known solutions. Among the new solutions, we have
an explicit non-topological soliton for the non-compact sigma model, a locally
flat solution for the compact sigma model and a string-like solution for both
types of sigma models. The last one is smooth for the compact scalar manifold.Comment: 1+21 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX2e, JHEP style; v2: added one reference +
made minor changes and added a few comments to clarify the presentatio
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