Identification of Lead User Characteristics: The Case of Surgeons in Turkey

Lead users are the users of a product or service the experience needs of which are still unknown to the public; lead users also benefit greatly if they are able to obtain a solution to these needs. Lead users have some characteristics that differentiate them from non-lead users. In our study, the characteristics of lead users, such as being ahead of trends, the high level of expected benefits, dissatisfaction, speed of adaption, the frequent use of information, experience of use, possessing resources for research, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation have been analyzed in the medical industry and in surgery. The results of the study indicate that the high level of expected benefits, the frequent use of information and intrinsic motivation is significantly different between lead users and non-lead users. Keywords: Lead User, Lead User Characteristics, Surgeons, Medical Industr

Mediating role of occupational commitment in the interactions of work-family & family-work conflict with individual performance: A research on nurses

İş-aile (İAÇ) ve aile-iş çatışmaları (AİÇ) bireysel performansını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu araştırmada bireysel performans ile İAÇ ve AİÇ arasındaki etkileşimde meslekî bağlılığın aracı rolünün açıklanması hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma kamu ve özel sağlık sektöründeki 464 hemşire üzerinde, internet kanalıyla, topla-bırak yöntemiyle, kolayda örneklem alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hemşirelerin İAÇ ve AİÇ algıları, meslekî bağlılık ve bireysel performans arasında anlamlı ilişkiler ile demografik değişkenler bağlamında da anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. AİÇ ile bireysel performans etkileşiminde meslekî bağlılığın kısmî aracılık etkisi mevcutken, İAÇ ile bireysel performans etkileşiminde meslekî bağlılığın aracılık etkisi olmadığı bulgulanmıştır.The conflicts between work-family (WFC) and family-work (FWC) negatively affect individual performance. This research was intended to explain the mediating role of occupational commitment in the interaction between individual performance and perceptions of WFC with FWC. The research was conducted via internet and used drop and collect method on an easy sample group composed of 464 nurses in public and private health sectors. The study shows that there are significant relationships between WFC and FWC, occupational commitment and individual performance and also significant differences in the context of demographic variables. It is determined the significant partial mediating effect of occupational commitment in the interaction of FWC and individual performance whereas the mediating effect of occupational commitment between WFC and individual performance is nonsignificant

Conceiving during the COVID-19 pandemic: assessing quality of life and perceived stress status

Objective: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted online to determine the quality of life and stress level experienced by pregnant women during the Coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 189 pregnant women. Personal Information Form, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and SF-36 Quality of Life Scale were used to collect data. The data were collected through the social media groups created by the pregnant women after obtaining permission from the group administrators. Results: It was found in the study that the variables affecting the PSS score were especially age and the region of residence and the changes in other socio-demographic findings, obstetric characteristics and income did not make a significant difference in the PSS score. Conclusion: The study emphasized the importance of investigating the effects of socio-demographic, socio-economic, and obstetric variables on quality of life and perceived stress level

The Mediating Role of Workload on the Relationship between Leader Member Exchange (LMX) and Job Satisfaction

The goal of this study is to analyze the mediating role of workload on the relationship between leader member exchange (LMX) and job satisfaction. Another objective of this study is to examine the relationship between LMX, workload, job satisfaction and demographic variables. Additionally, the differences of LMX, workload and job satisfaction according to demographic variables are investigated . The major aim is to reflect the issues that lead to job dissatisfaction. It is indicated that LMX and workload can be two of the most fundamental determinants for understanding this issue. In order to clarify this assumption, the research was conducted with one of the largest municipality inIstanbul,Turkey, with 255 participants. The result of this research suggests that workload is a partial mediator in the relationship between LMX and job satisfaction. Meanwhile, no differences were found in LMX, job satisfaction or workload according to gender, education and status, but were found according to age, job seniority and organizational seniority

The mediating role of supervisor support in the effect of person organization fit on job satisfaction in hospitality enterprises

Person-organization fit which develops with the overlapping between the values of the organizations and values of worker in the organizations has been demonstrated to produce many positive results. One of these results is also the positive impact of person-organization fit on job satisfaction. Besides, the support given to the employees by their supervisor is the important fact to increase job satisfaction. In the light of these relations, this study examined the effect of person-organization fit and the supervisor support on job satisfaction and investigated whether the supervisor support has played a mediating role in the effect of person- organization fit on job satisfaction. The results of the research presented that personorganization fit and supervisor support have a favorable impact on job satisfaction. However, it was seen that the supervisor support does not play a mediating role in the effect of personorganization fit on job satisfaction

İş-Aile ve Aile-İş Çatışması ile Bireysel Performans Etkileşiminde Meslekî Bağlılığın Aracı Rolü: Hemşireler Üzerinde Bir Araştırma

The conflicts between work-family (WFC) and family-work (FWC) negatively affect individual performance. This research was intended to explain the mediating role of occupational commitment in the interaction between individual performance and perceptions of WFC with FWC. The research was conducted via internet and used drop and collect method on an easy sample group composed of 464 nurses in public and private health sectors. The study shows that there are significant relationships between WFC and FWC, occupational commitment and individual performance and also significant differences in the context of demographic variables. It is determined the significant partial mediating effect of occupational commitment in the interaction of FWC and individual performance whereas the mediating effect of occupational commitment between WFC and individual performance is nonsignificant.İş-aile (İAÇ) ve aile-iş çatışmaları (AİÇ) bireysel performansını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu araştırmada bireysel performans ile İAÇ ve AİÇ arasındaki etkileşimde meslekî bağlılığın aracı rolünün açıklanması hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma kamu ve özel sağlık sektöründeki 464 hemşire üzerinde, internet kanalıyla, topla-bırak yöntemiyle, kolayda örneklem alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hemşirelerin İAÇ ve AİÇ algıları, meslekî bağlılık ve bireysel performans arasında anlamlı ilişkiler ile demografik değişkenler bağlamında da anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. AİÇ ile bireysel performans etkileşiminde meslekî bağlılığın kısmî aracılık etkisi mevcutken, İAÇ ile bireysel performans etkileşiminde meslekî bağlılığın aracılık etkisi olmadığı bulgulanmıştır

İş-Aile ve Aile-İş Çatışması ile Bireysel Performans Etkileşiminde Meslekî Bağlılığın Aracı Rolü: Hemşireler Üzerinde Bir Araştırma

The conflicts between work-family (WFC) and family-work (FWC) negatively affect individual performance. This research was intended to explain the mediating role of occupational commitment in the interaction between individual performance and perceptions of WFC with FWC. The research was conducted via internet and used drop and collect method on an easy sample group composed of 464 nurses in public and private health sectors. The study shows that there are significant relationships between WFC and FWC, occupational commitment and individual performance and also significant differences in the context of demographic variables. It is determined the significant partial mediating effect of occupational commitment in the interaction of FWC and individual performance whereas the mediating effect of occupational commitment between WFC and individual performance is nonsignificant.İş-aile (İAÇ) ve aile-iş çatışmaları (AİÇ) bireysel performansını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu araştırmada bireysel performans ile İAÇ ve AİÇ arasındaki etkileşimde meslekî bağlılığın aracı rolünün açıklanması hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma kamu ve özel sağlık sektöründeki 464 hemşire üzerinde, internet kanalıyla, topla-bırak yöntemiyle, kolayda örneklem alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hemşirelerin İAÇ ve AİÇ algıları, meslekî bağlılık ve bireysel performans arasında anlamlı ilişkiler ile demografik değişkenler bağlamında da anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. AİÇ ile bireysel performans etkileşiminde meslekî bağlılığın kısmî aracılık etkisi mevcutken, İAÇ ile bireysel performans etkileşiminde meslekî bağlılığın aracılık etkisi olmadığı bulgulanmıştır

Akutni toksični učinci kadmija na ličinke zelene žabe, Pseudepidalea variabilis (Pallas, 1769) (Amphibia: Anura)

The environmental impact of cadmium use and its accumulation in nature have increased to alarming levels. This study aimed to morphologically and histologically investigate the acute toxic effects of cadmium on green toad, Pseudepidalea variabilis (Pallas, 1769) larvae. Embryos were obtained from specimens collected in amplexus from nature and kept under laboratory conditions until stage 26, when they were exposed to cadmium (0, 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 μg L-1) for 96 h. The LC10, LC50, and LC90 values of cadmium were calculated to be 26.98, 35.35, and 46.31 μg L-1, respectively. Our results showed that cadmium had a negative effect on the body size of P. variabilis larvae (over 1 μg L-1). Histological examination detected a fusion of gill lamellae, liver haemorrhage, oedema in the abdominal cavity, and deformations of pronephric tubules (over 10 μg L-1). Our findings suggest that the green toad was sensitive to the cadmium treatment, with LC50 values lower than those reported by other studies. Thus, this species could be considered a reliable indicator species of environmental stress in aquatic ecosystem.Štetni utjecaji kadmija na okoliš i njegovo nakupljanje u prirodi posljednjih su godina poprimili zabrinjavajuće razmjere. U okviru ove studije istražili smo akutne toksične učinke kadmija na morfologiju i histologiju ličinaka zelene žabe, Pseudepidalea variabilis (Pallas, 1769). Embriji žabe dobiveni su od jedinki koje su u fazi ampleksusa prikupljene u prirodi. U laboratorijskim uvjetima embriji su bili držani do razvojnog stadija 26, kada su izloženi kadmiju u koncentracijama od 0, 1, 5, 10, 25 i 50 μg L-1 tijekom 96 sati. U pokusu smo odredili sljedeće letalne koncentracije kadmija: LC10 26,98 μg L-1, LC50 35,35 μg L-1 i LC90 46,31 μg L-1. Izloženost kadmiju u koncentracijama većim od 1 μg L-1 negativno je utjecala na veličinu tijela ličinaka. Histološke analize upućuju na sljepljivanje škržnih listića, krvarenja u jetrima, pojavu edema u trbušnoj šupljini i deformacije pronefričkih kanalića (pri koncentracijama većim od 10 μg L-1). Dobiveni rezultati pokazali su da je zelena žaba vrlo osjetljiva na kadmij, na što upućuje vrijednost LC50 koja je u našem pokusu bila niža od vrijednosti zabilježenih u drugim istraživanjima. Prema tome, ta se vrsta može smatrati pouzdanim pokazateljem okolišnog stresa u slatkovodnim ekosustavima

Retrospective evaluation of the effectiveness of Alvarado and RIPASA scoring systems in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of Alvarado and RIPASA scores in patients who applied to the emergency department and underwent appendectomy with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Material and Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective study examining patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis. In our study, the post-operative histopathological diagnosis of the patients was accepted as the gold standard. The patients were divided into two groups and the clinical scores of Alvarado and RIPASA obtained during the initial examination were compared between the two groups of patients. Results: Of 125 patients who were operated with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis; 81 (64.8%) were male and 44 (35.2%) were female. Non-complicated appendicitis was diagnosed in 95 (76%) of the patients, reactive lymphoid hyperplasia in 21 (16.8%), and complicated appendicitis in 9 (7.2%). In the comparison between both groups, when the ROC curve and the area under the curve of Alvarado and RIPASA scores were evaluated, the RIPASA score was AUC=0.811, while for Alvarado it was AUC=0.762. As the cut-off value, the best value was determined as ≥7 in both scores. No statistically significant difference was found in the comparison between Alvarado and RIPASA scores. Conclusion: The definitive diagnosis of acute appendicitis is surgical emergency, which can be made histopathologically. Various scoring systems should be used more frequently by emergency physicians to ensure rapid and accurate diagnosis in the emergency department. With the more frequent use of both RIPASA and Alvarado scoring systems, the negative appendectomy rate can be reduced.Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı acil servise başvuran ve akut apandisit tanısı ile apendektomi yapılan hastalarda Alvarado ve RIPASA skorlarının etkinliğini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Akut apandisit tanısı alan hastaların incelendiği tek merkezli, retrospektif bir çalışma olarak planlandı. Çalışmamızda, hastaların post-operatif histopataolojik tanıları altın standart kabul edilerek, hastalardan başlangıç muayenelerinde bakılan Alvarado ve RIPASA klinik skorlar ile karşılaştırılması planlandı. Bulgular: Akut apandisit tanısı ile opere edilen 125 hastanın; 81’i erkek (%64,8) 44’ü kadındı (%35,2). Hastaların 95’inde (%76) non-komplike apandisit, 21’inde (%16,8) reaktif lenfoid hiperplazi, 9’unda (%7,2) komplike apandisit tanısı konulmuştur. Alvarado ve RIPASA skorlarının ROC eğrisi ve eğri altında kalan alanı değerlendirildiğinde RIPASA skoru AUC=0.811 iken Alvarado için AUC=0.762 idi. Cut-off değer olarak her iki skorda da en iyi değer ≥7 olarak belirlendi. Alvarado ve RIPASA skorları arasındaki karşılaştırmada istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı. Sonuç: Akut apandisit kesin tanısı histopatolojik olarak konulabilen bir cerrahi acildir. Hızlı ve doğru teşhisini sağlamak için çeşitli skorlama sistemleri acil hekimleri tarafından daha sık kullanılmalıdır Acil serviste skorlama sistemleri tanı koymada faydalı olup birbirlerine üstünlükleri bulunmamıştır. Hem RIPASA hem de Alvarado skorlama sistemlerinin daha sık kullanılması ile negatif apendektomi oranı azaltılabilir