The comparative analysis of 2008 economic crisis with the samples of Turkey and Lithuania, a former warsaw pact country now part of the EU

1929 Büyük Buhran’dan sonra dünyanın en büyük ekonomik krizi olarak adlandırılan 2008 küresel ekonomik krizi, ülke ve ülke gruplarını ciddi boyutlarda etkisi altına almıştır. Bu ülke gruplarından en önemlilerinden biri, Avrupa Birliğidir. Krizin etkisiyle AB’nin tümünde büyüme oranları gerilerken, işsizlik oranları hızla artmıştır. Gelir etkisi sebebiyle tüketim eğiliminde düşüş görülmüş, bütçe açıkları ve kamu borcu artmıştır. Ekonomik küçülme nedeniyle bölgede cari açığın gayri safi yurtiçi hâsılaya oranı azalma eğilimine girmiştir. Kriz özellikle uluslararası ticaret zincirinde birbirine bağlı olan ülkeleri de önemli ölçüde etkilemiştir. Dolayısıyla, 2008 krizi; ticaretinin önemli bir kısmını AB’ne yapan Türkiye ve kriz öncesi dönemde AB’ye katılan Eski Doğu Bloğu ülkelerini de derinden sarsmıştır. Bu çalışmada; AB’ye katılan Eski Doğu Bloğu ülkelerinde ekonomik büyüme de 2008 krizinin etkisi Türkiye ve Litvanya örneklemiyle birlikte incelenmiştir. Krizin Eski Doğu Bloğu ülkelerinin, Türkiye ve Litvanya’nın ekonomik büyüme rakamları üzerinde negatif bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada, ikinci el veriler kullanılıp, tümden gelim yöntemiyle test edilmiştir. Konu ile ilgili yazın taranmış, verilerin tarafsız ve güvenilir kuruluşlardan alınmasına dikkat edilmiştir.After Great Depression in 1929, 2008 Global Economic crisis which was called as the greatest crisis of the world took hold of country and groups of countries seriously. One of the most important groups of countries was European Union. With effect of the crisis, in all of EU while rate of growth was regressing, unemployment rate increased fast, therefore it was seen consumption pattern decrease because of income effect, budget deficits and public debt increased, because of recession the rate of current deficit to gross domestic product tended to decrease. The crisis affected countries which were interdependent in international trade chain considerably. Consequently, the crisis shook up Turkey that he did important part of trading with EU and Former Eastern Bloc countries which joined EU between 2004 and 2007. In this study; In Former Eastern Bloc countries which joined EU, 2008 crisis in rate of growth had been examined with Turkey and Lithuania samples. It was analyzed that in Former Eastern Bloc countries, Turkey and Lithuania had a negative effect on their economic growth numbers due to 2008 global economic crisis. In this research, it was used secondary data and tested them with deductive method. It was made a literature review that is related to our topic, and it was considered that data collected from objective and reliable organizations

Carpometacarpal joint dislocations as a rare cause of Hhand pain

Carpometacarpal joint dislocations represent not more than 1% of all hand injuries due to stable joint structures and high-energy trauma mechanism. Unfortunately, there are many missed cases suffering from ongoing pain and loss of function because of difficulty in diagnosis. Here we present a case of a healthy 42-year male who presented to the emergency department with hand pain after a punch injury. On physical examination, painful swelling at the dorsal side of his right hand was noted. His radiographic images showed dorsal dislocation of fourth and fifth carpometacarpal joints, and the dislocations were reduced to the anatomical position by the emergency physician without any complication. In the case of carpometacarpal joint fracture or dislocations, early diagnosis and reduction are the most critical steps to avoid severe morbidity, and it is only possible with careful evaluation of physical and radiological findings. In conclusion, as seen in our case, emergency physicians should remain vigilant in the diagnosis and treatment of rare traumatic injuries

Seismic analysis and strengthening of cylindrical steel storage water tanks

Silindirik çelik sıvı tankları su, petrol ve endüstriyel kimyasallar gibi çeşitli sıvıları depolamak amacıyla yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadırlar. Sıvı depolama tankları birçok farklı konfigürasyona sahiptirler; ancak bu çalışmada, tasarım ve konstrüksiyondaki sadelikleri ve diğer konfigürasyonlarla karşılaştırıldığında hidrostatik ve hidrodinamik yüklere karşı dayanımlarından dolayı, yerden destekli silindirik sıvı çelik tanklar tercih edilmektedir. Bu tez, yerden destekli silindirik (dikey) çelik su depolama tanklarının sismik tasarımına odaklanmaktadır. Üç boyutlu sonlu elemanlar analizi için, ANSIS Workbench yazılımı ile üstü-açık, düz-kapalı, konik-kapalı ve üstü-kubbe şeklinde kapatılmış tank modelleri tasarlanmıştır. Sismik analiz, El-Centro ve Kobe deprem yükleri altında dört farklı kapak şekline sahip, üç farklı duvar kalınlığındaki tanklar ile gerçekleştirilerek, eksenel deformasyon, eşdeğer gerilme ve burkulma sonuçları sırasıyla hem impulsif hem de konvektif kütleler için sunulmuştur. Sonuçlar, eksenel deformasyonun, konik ve kubbeli tanklarda ciddi şekilde azaldığını göstermektedir. Öte yandan, düz kapatılmış tankların hiçbir avantajının olmadığı görülmüştür. Duvar kalınlığı arttırıldığında, düz kapalı tanklarda eksenel deformasyonun azalmadığı ve düz çatı üzerinde bu deformasyon ve burkulmanın meydana geldiği gözlemlenmiştir. Bu tezin önemli amaçlarından biri de, silindirik çelik sıvı depolama tanklarının güçlendirilmesidir. Gerilmeleri ve burkulmaları azaltmak için tanklara epoksi-karbon sarılmıştır. Sonlu elemanlar metodu kullanılarak epoksi-karbon ile sarılmış tanklarda eksenel deformasyonun azaldığı görülmüştür. 4 mm kalınlığındaki bir tankın 6 mm kalınlığındaki korunmamış bir tanktan daha iyi bir performansa sahip olabileceği vurgulanarak, epoksi-karbon tankların güçlendirilmesi için öneriler getirilmiştir. Son olarak, kısa deprem yükü altında gerçekleştirilen etki analizi ile, tank duvarlarında meydana gelen plastik deformasyonları görebilmek için 0,22 saniyelik El-Centro deprem kaydı, deplasman kaydı olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu analiz sonucunda depremlerde meydana gelmiş burkulma şekillerine benzer sonuçlar ortaya çıkarılmıştır

Bacterial pathogens from Diprion pini L. (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) and their biocontrol potential

Microbial insecticides have become increasingly important in recent years for the control of insect pests. Among microbial insecticides, insect pathogenic bacteria and their toxins have been the most commercially successful and hold potential for further development. In this study, we investigated the isolation and identification of some potential pathogenic bacteria from Diprion pini L. (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) which is a serious pest of pine forests worldwide. A total of eighteen bacteria were isolated, ten bacteria from dead D. pini larvae and eight bacteria from healthy larvae. The bacterial strains were characterized by their morphological features, 16 S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. In addition, these bacteria and four Bacillus thuringiensis strains (isolated from pine forest soil) were tested against D. pini larvae under laboratory conditions. The bacterial isolates were identified as Kluyvera intermedia O-1, O-8, O-10 and S-3, Proteus mirabilis O-2, Klebsiella oxytoca O-3, Bacillus sp. O-4, Pantoea agglomerans O-5 and S-5, Serratia marcescens O-6, Pseudomonas sp. O-7, Acinetobacter sp. O-9, Enterobacter sp. S-1 and S-9, Bacillus pumilus S-2, Enterobacter cancerogenus S-4, Pseudoclavibacter sp. S-6 and Arthrobacter sp. S-8. All isolates showed different insecticidal activity against the pest and the highest mortality was obtained from P. mirabilis O-2 with 100% within ten days after exposure. The highest mortality among B. thuringiensis strains was obtained from B. thuringiensis 37 - 4 with 56.67%. This is the first study of determination of the culturable bacterial diversity within D. pini and the obtained results might be beneficial for biocontrol of D. pini.Microbial insecticides have become increasingly important in recent years for the control of insect pests. Among microbial insecticides, insect pathogenic bacteria and their toxins have been the most commercially successful and hold potential for further development. In this study, we investigated the isolation and identification of some potential pathogenic bacteria from Diprion pini L. (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) which is a serious pest of pine forests worldwide. A total of eighteen bacteria were isolated, ten bacteria from dead D. pini larvae and eight bacteria from healthy larvae. The bacterial strains were characterized by their morphological features, 16 S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. In addition, these bacteria and four Bacillus thuringiensis strains (isolated from pine forest soil) were tested against D. pini larvae under laboratory conditions. The bacterial isolates were identified as Kluyvera intermedia O-1, O-8, O-10 and S-3, Proteus mirabilis O-2, Klebsiella oxytoca O-3, Bacillus sp. O-4, Pantoea agglomerans O-5 and S-5, Serratia marcescens O-6, Pseudomonas sp. O-7, Acinetobacter sp. O-9, Enterobacter sp. S-1 and S-9, Bacillus pumilus S-2, Enterobacter cancerogenus S-4, Pseudoclavibacter sp. S-6 and Arthrobacter sp. S-8. All isolates showed different insecticidal activity against the pest and the highest mortality was obtained from P. mirabilis O-2 with 100% within ten days after exposure. The highest mortality among B. thuringiensis strains was obtained from B. thuringiensis 37 - 4 with 56.67%. This is the first study of determination of the culturable bacterial diversity within D. pini and the obtained results might be beneficial for biocontrol of D. pini

Testing the Price Bubbles in Cryptocurrencies using Sequential Augmented Dickey-Fuller (SADF) Test Procedures: A Comparison for Before and After COVID-19

Bubbles in asset prices have attracted the attention of economists for centuries. Extreme increases in asset prices, followed by their sudden decline, create a turbulent effect on the economy and even invite crises in time. For this reason, some measurement techniques have been employed to investigate the price bubbles that may occur. This study explores the possible speculative price bubbles of Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Binance Coin cryptocurrencies, compares them with the pre-and post-COVID-19 period, and examines asymmetric causality relationships between variables. Therefore, we analyzed the price bubbles of these cryptocurrencies using the closing price for daily data between 16.01.2018 and 31.12.2021 by the Supremum Augmented Dickey-Fuller (SADF) and the Hatemi-J (2012) asymmetric causality test. In this context, 1446 observations, 723 of which were before COVID-19 and 723 after COVID-19, were employed in the study. Looking at the SADF analysis results, we detected 103 price bubbles before COVID-19 for the three cryptocurrencies, while we determined 599 price bubbles after COVID-19. The common finding in the asymmetric causality test results is that there is a causality relationship between the negative shocks faced by one cryptocurrency and the positive shocks faced by the other cryptocurrencies

Ultrason, alvarado skoru ve c-reaktif proteinin pediatrik appendektomilerdeki prediktör değeri

Aim: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the combined accuracy of appendix diameter, C reactive protein, and Alvarado score in classifying patients with negative appendectomy and acute appendicitis. Material and Methods: This descriptive observational cohort study research was conducted at the Emergency Department of a Training and Research Hospital between November 2017 and April 2019. We included the data of appendicitis cases aged under 18 years in this retrospective study and gathered data on patients` demographics, preoperative laboratory values, signs, symptoms, and final pathological diagnosis, retrospectively. Then, cases were divided into acute appendicitis or negative appendectomy groups according to formal pathology reports. Results: The final study population consisted of 60 patients; the negative appendectomy rate was 25%. The diagnostic accuracy of the multivariate model`s involving CRP, Alvarado score, and appendix diameter was 93.3%, with a sensitivity and specificity of 93.3% for identifying acute appendicitis (+LR: 14 and -LR: 0.07). Applying the model could have prevented 93.3% of negative appendectomy cases (25% to 1.7%) from undergoing unnecessary surgery in our cohort. Conclusion: In conclusion, CRP, Alvarado score, or appendix diameter should not be used individually to diagnose AA in children. However, combining these variables can increase the accuracy of acute appendicitis diagnosis and may provide a significant reduction in negative appendectomy rates.Amaç: Bu retrospektif çalışma, negatif apendektomili ve akut apandisitli hastaları sınıflandırmada apendiks çapı, C reaktif protein ve Alvarado skorunun birleşik doğruluğunu araştırmayı amaçladı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu tanımlayıcı gözlemsel kohort çalışması, Kasım 2017 ile Nisan 2019 tarihleri arasında bir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Acil Servisinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya 18 yaş altı apandisit olguları dahil edilmiş ve hastaların demografik özellikleri, laboratuvar ölçümleri, semptom, bulgu ve nihai patoloji raporlarına ilişkin veriler retrospektif olarak toplanmıştır. Daha sonra olgular resmi patoloji raporlarına göre akut apandisit veya negatif apendektomi gruplarına ayrılmıştır. Bulgular: Nihai çalışma popülasyonu 60 hastadan oluşuyordu ve negatif apendektomi oranı %25 idi. CRP, Alvarado skoru ve apendiks çapı verilerini içeren çok değişkenli modelin tanısal doğruluğu %93.3, akut apandisit tanımlamada duyarlılık ve özgüllüğü %93.3 idi (+LR: 14 ve -LR: 0.07). Modeli uygulamanın, kohortumuzdaki negatif apendektomi vakalarının %93,3'ünü (%25 ila %1,7) gereksiz cerrahiden kurtarabileceği görülmüştür. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, CRP, Alvarado skoru veya apendiks çapı çocuklarda AA tanısında tek başına kullanılmamalıdır. Ancak bu değişkenlerin birlikte kullanımı apandisit tanısının doğruluğunu artırabilir ve negatif apendektomi oranlarında önemli bir azalma sağlayabilir

A Comparison of Ordered and Unordered Response Models for Analyzing Road Traffic Injury Severities in the North-Eastern Turkey

Road traffic injuries are estimated to be one of the major causes of death worldwide and a majority of them occur in low- and middle income countries. In that respect, further studies that address to determine risk factors that may influence road traffic injury severities in the corresponding countries may contribute the existing road safety literature. This paper determines possible risk factors influencing road traffic injury severity in north-eastern Turkey. For this purpose, a retrospective cross-sectional study is conducted analysing 11,771 traffic accidents reported by the police during the sample period of 2008-2013. As the accident severity is inherently ordered, the data are analysed using both ordered and unordered response models. The estimation results reveal that several driver (age and education level), accident (speeding violation, avoiding manoeuvre and right-of-way rule), vehicle (bus/minivan, single-unit truck/heavy truck, private and single vehicles), temporal (time of day, morning peak, evening peak), environmental (summer and cloudy or rainy weather), geometry (asphalt road and road class type), and control characteristics (presence of crosswalk and traffic lights) were found to have an impact on injury severity. This paper is most probably the first attempt to analyse possible risk factors of road traffic injury severities in Turkey using both ordered and unordered response models. The evidence of this study may be valuable for future road safety policies in emerging countries

A comparison of TOPSIS, grey relational analysis and COPRAS methods for machine selection problem in the food industry of Turkey

[EN] The paper aims to compare the results of the selection/choice of cream separators by using multi-criteria decision-making methods in an integrated manner for an enterprise with a dairy processing capacity of 80 to 100 tons per day operating in the Turkish food sector. A total of 7 alternative products and 7 criteria for milk processing were determined. Criterion weights were calculated using entropy method and then integrated into TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solutions), GRA (Grey Relational Analysis) and COPRAS (Complex Proportional Assessment) methods. Sensitivity analyses were carried out on the results obtained from the three methods to check for their reliability. At the end of the study, similar alternative and appropriate results were found from the TOPSIS and COPRAS methods. However, different alternative but appropriate or suitable results were obtained from the GRA method. Sensitivity analysis of the three methods showed that all the methods used were valid. In the review of available and related literature, very few studies on machine selection in the dairy and food sector in general were found. For this reason, it is thought that the study will contribute to the decision-making process of companies in the dairy sector in their choice of machinery selections. As far as is known, this paper is the first attempt in extant literature to compare in an integrated manner the results of TOPSIS, COPRAS and GRA methods considered in the study.Özcan, S.; Çelik, AK. (2021). A comparison of TOPSIS, grey relational analysis and COPRAS methods for machine selection problem in the food industry of Turkey. International Journal of Production Management and Engineering. 9(2):81-92. https://doi.org/10.4995/ijpme.2021.14734OJS819292Ahmed, M., Qureshi, M.N., Mallick, J., Kahla, N.B. (2019). Selection of sustainable supplementary concrete materials using OSM-AHP-TOPSIS approach. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2019, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2850480Aloini, D., Dulmin, R., Mininno, V. (2014). A peer IF-TOPSIS based decision support system for packaging machine selection. Expert Systems with Applications, 41(5), 2157-2165https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2013.09.014Alpay, S., Ihpar, M. (2018). Equipment selection based on two different fuzzy multi criteria decision making methods: Fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy VIKOR. Open Geosciences, 10(1), 661-677. https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2018-0053Antucheviciene, J., Zavadskas, E.K., Zakarevičius, A. (2012). Ranking redevelopment decisions of derelict buildings and analysis of ranking results. Economic Computation and Economic Cybernetics Studies and Research, 46(2), 37-63. Retrieved June 08, 2020 from http://www.ecocyb.ase.ro/22012/Edmundas%20ZAVADSKAS%20_DA_.pdfAyağ, Z., Özdemir, R.G. (2006). A fuzzy AHP approach to evaluating machine tool alternatives. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 17(2), 179-190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-005-6635-1Belton, V., Stewart, T.J. (2002). Multiple criteria decision analysis: An integrated approach. Berlin: Kluwer Academic Publishers.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1495-4Camcı, A., Temur, G.T., Beşkese, A. (2018). CNC router selection for SMEs in woodwork manufacturing using hesitant fuzzy AHP method. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 31(4), 529-549. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-01-2018-0017Çakır, S. (2018). An integrated approach to machine selection problem using fuzzy SMART-fuzzy weighted axiomatic design. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 29(7), 1433-1445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-015-1189-3Çelen, A. (2014). Comparative analysis of normalization procedures in TOPSIS method: With an application to Turkish deposit banking market. Informatica, 25(2), 185-208. https://doi.org/10.15388/Informatica.2014.10Chandan, R.C. (2008). Dairy Processing and Quality Assurance: An Overview. Ramesh C. Chandan, Arun Kilara, Nagendra Shah (Eds.), In Dairy Processing and Quality Assurance (pp. 1-40). New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780813804033Chatterjee, P., Chakraborty, S. (2014). Investigating the effect of normalization norms in flexible manfacturing sytem selection using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making methods. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 7(3), 141-150. https://doi.org/10.25103/jestr.073.23Clarke, M.P., Denby, B., Schofield, D. (1990). Decision making tools for surface mine equipment selection. Mining Science and Technology, 10(3), 323-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9031(90)90530-6Datta, S., Sahu, N., Mahapatra, S. (2013). Robot selection based on grey-MULTIMOORA approach. Grey Systems: Theory and Application, 3(2), 201-232. https://doi.org/10.1108/GS-05-2013-0008Deng, H., Yeh, C.H., Willis, R. J. (2000). Inter-company comparison using modified TOPSIS with objective weights. Computers and Operations Research, 27(10), 963-973. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-0548(99)00069-6Doğan, M., Aslan, D., Aktar, T., Sarac, M.G. (2016). A methodology to evaluate the sensory properties of instant hot chocolate beverage with different fat contents: multi-criteria decision-making techniques approach. European Food Research and Technology, 242(6), 953-966. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-015-2602-zErtuğrul, İ., Güneş, M. (2007). Fuzzy multi-criteria decision making method for machine selection. P. Melin, O. Castillo, E.G. Ramirez, J. Kacprzyk and W. Pedrycz (Eds.), In Analysis and Design of Intelligent Systems Using Soft Computing Techniques (pp. 638-648). Berlin, Germany: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72432-2_65Ertuğrul, İ., Öztaş, T. (2015). The application of sewing machine selection with the multi-objective optimization on the basis of ratio analysis method (MOORA) in apparel sector. Textile and Apparel, 25(1), 80-85. Retrieved May 17, 2020 from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tekstilvekonfeksiyon/issue/23647/251887FAO. (2019a). Dairy Market Review. FAO Publishing, Rome.FAO. (2019b). Food Outlook - Biannual Report on Global Food Markets. FAO Publishing, Rome.Feizabadi, A., Doolabi, M.S., Sadrnezhaad, S.K., Zafarani, H.R., Doolabi, D.S. (2017). MCDM selection of pulse parameters for best tribological performance of Cr-Al2O3 nano-composite co-deposited from trivalent chromium bath. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 727, 286-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.08.098Feng, C.M., Wang, R.T. (2000). Performance evaluation for airlines including the consideration of financial ratios. Journal of Air Transport Management, 6(3), 133-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-6997(00)00003-XGuo, X., Sun, Z. (2016). A novel evaluation approach for tourist choice of destination based on grey relation analysis. Scientific Programming, 2016, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1812094Gurmeric, V.E., Dogan, M., Toker, O.S., Senyigit, E., Ersoz, N.B. (2013). Application of different multi-criteria decision techniques to determine optimum flavour of prebiotic pudding based on sensory analyses. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 6(10), 2844-2859. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-012-0972-9Hwang, C.L., Yoon, K. (1980). Multiple attribute decision making methods and applications: A state-of-the-art survey. New York: Springer-Verlag.Jahan, A., Yazdani, M., Edwards, K.L. (2021). TOPSIS-RTCID for range target-based criteria and interval data. International Journal of Production Management and Engineering, 9(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.4995/ijpme.2021.13323Kabak, M., Dağdeviren, M. (2017). A hybrid approach based on ANP and Grey Relational Analysis for machine selection. Technical Gazette, 24(Supplement 1), 109-118. https://doi.org/10.17559/TV-20141123105333Kang, H.Y., Lee, A.H.I., Yang, C.Y. (2012). A fuzzy ANP model for supplier selection as applied to IC packaging. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 23(5), 1477-1488.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-010-0448-6Karaman, S.,Toker, Ö.S., Yüksel, F., Çam, M., Kayacier, A., Dogan, M. (2014). Physicochemical, bioactive, and sensory properties of persimmon-based ice cream: Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution to determine optimum concentration. Journal of Dairy Science, 97(1), 97-110. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2013-7111Karim, R., Karmaker, C.L. (2016). Machine selection by AHP and TOPSIS methods. American Journal of Industrial Engineering, 4(1), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.12691/ajie-4-1-2Kumru, M., Kumru, P.Y. (2015). A fuzzy ANP model for the selection of 3D coordinate-measuring machine. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 26(5), 999-1010. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-014-0882-yNguyen, H.T., Dawal, S. Z. Md., Nukman, Y., Aoyama, H. (2014). A hybrid approach for fuzzy multi-attribute decision making in machine tool selection with consideration of the interactions of attributes. Expert Systems with Applications, 41(6), 3078-3090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2013.10.039OECD/FAO. (2019). OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2019-2028. OECD Publishing, Paris.Önüt, S., Kara, S.S., Işik, E. (2009). Long term supplier selection using a combined fuzzy MCDM approach: A case study for a telecommunication company. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(2), 3887-3895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2008.02.045Özceylan, E., Kabak, M., Dağdeviren, M. (2016). A fuzzy-based decision making procedure for machine selection problem. Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems, 30(3), 1841-1856. https://doi.org/10.3233/IFS-151895Özdağoğlu, A., Yakut, E., Bahar, S. (2017). Machine selection in a dairy product company with Entropy and SAW methods integration. Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Journal, 32(1), 341-359. https://doi.org/10.24988/deuiibf.2017321605Özgen, A., Tuzkaya, G., Tuzkaya, U.R., Özgen, D. (2011). A multi-criteria decision making approach for machine tool selection problem in a fuzzy environment. International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, 4(4), 431-445. https://doi.org/10.1080/18756891.2011.9727802Ozturk, G., Dogan, M., Toker, O.S. (2014). Physicochemical, functional and sensory properties of mellorine enriched with different vegetable juices and TOPSIS approach to determine optimum juice concentration. Food Bioscience, 7, 45-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2014.05.001Pang, B., Bai, S. (2013). An integrated fuzzy synthetic evaluation approach for supplier selection based on analytic network process. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 23(5), 163-174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-011-0551-3Paramasivam, V., Senthil, V., Ramasamy, N.R. (2011). Decision making in equipment selection: an integrated approach with digraph and matrix approach, AHP and ANP. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 54(9-12), 1233-1244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-010-2997-4Pavličić, D.M. (2001). Normalisation affects the results of MADM methods. Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research, 11(2), 251-265. Retrieved May 6, 2020 from http://scindeks.ceon.rs/article.aspx?artid=0354-02430102251PSamanta, B., Sarkar, B., Mukherjee, S.K. (2002). Selection of opencast mining equipment by a multi-criteria decision-making process. Mining Technology, 111(2), 136-142. https://doi.org/10.1179/mnt.2002.111.2.136Seçme, N.Y., Bayrakdaroğlu, A., Kahraman, C. (2009). Fuzzy performance evaluation in Turkish Banking Sector using Analytic Hierarchy Process and TOPSIS. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(9), 11699-11709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2009.03.013Sharma, A., Yadava, V. (2011). Optimization of cut quality characteristics during nd:yag laser straight cutting of ni-based superalloy thin sheet using grey relational analysis with entropy measurement. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 26(12), 1522-1529. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2011.551910Shih, H. S., Shyur, H.J., Lee, E.S. (2007). An extension of TOPSIS for group decision making. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 45(7-8), 801-813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2006.03.023Stanujkic, D., Đorđević, B., Đorđević, M. (2013). Comparative analysis of some prominent MCDM methods: A case of ranking Serbian Banks. Serbian Journal of Management, 8(2), 213-241. https://doi.org/10.5937/sjm8-3774Štirbanović, Z., Stanujkić, D., Miljanović, I., Milanović, D. (2019). Application of MCDM methods for flotation machine selection. Minerals Engineering, 137, 140-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2019.04.014Sun, C.C. (2014). Combining grey relation analysis and entropy model for evaluating the operational performance: An empirical study. Quality and Quantity, 48(3), 1589-1600. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-013-9854-0Taha, Z., Rostam, S. (2011). A fuzzy AHP-ANN-based decision support system for machine tool selection in a flexible manufacturing cell. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 57(5-8), 719-733. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-011-3323-5Temiz, I., Çalış, G. (2017). Selection of construction equipment by using multi-criteria decision making methods. Procedia Engineering, 196, 286-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.07.201Tosun, N. (2006). Determination of optimum parameters for multi-performance characteristics in drilling by using grey relational analysis. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 28(5-6), 450-455. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-004-2386-yUğur, L.O. (2017). Application of the VIKOR multi-criteria decision method for construction machine buying. Journal of Polytechnic, 20(4), 879-885. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.369058Ulubeyli, S., Kazaz, A. (2009). A multiple criteria decision-making approach to the selection of concrete pumps. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 15(4), 369-376. https://doi.org/10.3846/1392-3730.2009.15.369-376Vafaei, N., Ribeiro, R.A., Camarinha-Matos, L.M. (2018). Data normalisation techniques in decision making: Case study with TOPSIS method. International Journal of Information and Decision Sciences, 10(1), 19-38. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIDS.2018.090667Vatansever, K., Kazançoğlu, Y. (2014). Integrated usage of fuzzy multi criteria decision making techniques for machine selection problems and an application. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 5(9), 12-24. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIDS.2018.090667https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIDS.2018.090667Wang, T.C., Lee, H.D. (2009). Developing a fuzzy TOPSIS approach based on subjective weights and objective weights. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(5), 8980-8985. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2008.11.035Wu, J., Sun, J., Liang, L., Zha, Y. (2011). Determination of weights for ultimate cross efficiency using Shannon entropy. Expert Systems with Applications, 38(5), 5162-5165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2010.10.046Wu, W., Peng, Y. (2016). Extension of grey relational analysis for facilitating group consensus to oil spill emergency management. Annals of Operations Research, 238(1-2), 615-635. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-015-2067-2Wu, Z., Ahmad, J., Xu, J. (2016). A group decision making framework based on fuzzy VIKOR approach for machine tool selection with linguistic information. Applied Soft Computing, 42, 314-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2016.02.007Yazdani-Chamzini, A., Yakhchali, S.H. (2012). Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) selection using fuzzy multicriteria decision making methods. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 30, 194-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2012.02.021Yılmaz, B., Dağdeviren, M. (2010). Comparative analysis of PROMETHEE and fuzzy PROMETHEE methods in equipment selection problem. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 25(4), 811-826. Retrieved May 6, 2020 from https://avesis.gazi.edu.tr/yayin/989e528e-9184-4d8e-8970-fccfabbbed73/comparative-analysis-of-promethee-and-fuzzy-promethee-methods-in-equipment-selection-problemYılmaz, B., Dağdeviren, M. (2011). A combined approach for equipment selection: F-PROMETHEE method and zero-one goal programming. Expert Systems with Applications, 38(9), 11641-11650. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2011.03.043Zavadskas, E.K., Kaklauskas, A., Banaitis, A., Kvederyte, N. (2004). Housing credit access model: The case for Lithuania. European Journal of Operational Research, 155(2), 335-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00091-2Zhang, H., Gu, C.L., Gu, L. W., Zhang, Y. (2011). The evaluation of tourism destination competitiveness by TOPSIS and information entropy: A case in the Yangtze River Delta of China. Tourism Management, 32(2), 443-451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.02.00

Comparative leaf and scape anatomy of some Scilla taxa in Turkey

Comparative anatomical study on eight Scilla taxa (S. bifolia, S. melaina, S. siberica subsp. armena, S. leepii, S. ingridae, S. mesopotamica, S. autumnalis and S. cilicica) growing in Turkey was made using light microscopy techniques. Leaf and scape anatomical properties of the taxa were compared and relationships among taxa were determined. In anatomical studies, paraffin method was used. The cross-sections of the scape, leaves and surface-sections the leaves of these taxa were taken and photographed. Length and width measurements of stomata in the upper and lower surfaces of leaves were made and the mean and standard devition values of stomata were calculated. Raphida crystals were found in the mesophyll of all taxa. On both surfaces of leaves, anomocytic type stomata were observed. The different and similar anatomical characters in the leaf and scape were determined and the taxa were classified into three groups; such as (1) S. ingridae, S. mesopotamica, S. melaina, and S. leepii are independent species with close relationships; (2) S. bifolia, S. siberica subsp. armena and S.cilicica are very close taxa; (3) S. autumnalis is different from other investigated taxa. Also, these taxa can be distinguished as mesophyll type; isolateral (S. bifolia, S. cilicica and S. siberica subsp. armena) and unifacial (S. melaina, S.leepii, S. ingridae, S. mesopotamica and S. autumnalis). According to our data, S. bifolia was considered as a complex species of Scilla genus in Turkey. © 2016 Friends Science Publishers

Augmenting conversations through context-aware multimedia retrieval based on speech recognition

Future’s environments will be sensitive and responsive to the presence of people to support them carrying out their everyday life activities, tasks and rituals, in an easy and natural way. Such interactive spaces will use the information and communication technologies to bring the computation into the physical world, in order to enhance ordinary activities of their users. This paper describes a speech-based spoken multimedia retrieval system that can be used to present relevant video-podcast (vodcast) footage, in response to spontaneous speech and conversations during daily life activities. The proposed system allows users to search the spoken content of multimedia files rather than their associated meta-information and let them navigate to the right portion where queried words are spoken by facilitating within-medium searches of multimedia content through a bag-of-words approach. Finally, we have studied the proposed system on different scenarios by using vodcasts in English from various categories, as the targeted multimedia, and discussed how it would enhance people’s everyday life activities by different scenarios including education, entertainment, marketing, news and workplace