Abdülhamid’in Dış Politikası Düvel-İ Muazzama Karşısında

[Abstract Not Available

Sosyal bölünmeler sonucu ortaya çıkan siyasal partiler ve milli görüş hareketi: MSP ve RP örneği

Modern anlamda siyasal partilerin ortaya çıkışı 19. yüzyılın ortalarına rastlamaktadır. Dünya tarihinde ve özellikle Batı Avrupa özelinde görülen bölgesel, kültürel, sınıfsal, dinsel, ideolojik ve ekonomik temelli sosyal bölünmeler çeşitli siyasal partilerin doğmasına sebep olmuştur. Sosyal bölünme çeşitlerinden merkez-çevre çatışması, Türkiye’deki siyasal partilerin temel ayrılık sebeplerinden biridir. 1970’li yılların başında İslamî muhalefetin önemli bir temsilcisi olarak ortaya çıkan Milli Görüş Hareketi (MGH) ve bu hareketin siyasal partileri, o zamana kadar veri olarak alınan merkez-çevre çatışmasına dini-ideolojik bir bakış açısıyla yaklaşılmasına sebep olmuştur. Çalışma; siyasal parti kavramının ne anlama geldiğini, genel olarak sosyal bölünmeler sonucu ortaya çıkan siyasal parti çeşitlerini, Türkiye’ye özgü sosyal bölünmeleri, Milli Görüş Hareketi’ni ve bu hareketin iki önemli partisi olan Milli Selamet Partisi (MSP) ve Refah Partisi’ni (RP) sosyal bölünmeler bağlamında konu edinmektedir

MAD risk parity portfolios

In this paper, we investigate the features and the performance of the risk parity (RP) portfolios using the mean absolute deviation (MAD) as a risk measure. The RP model is a recent strategy for asset allocation that aims at equally sharing the global portfolio risk among all the assets of an investment universe. We discuss here some existing and new results about the properties of MAD that are useful for the RP approach. We propose several formulations for finding MAD-RP portfolios computationally, and compare them in terms of accuracy and efficiency. Furthermore, we provide extensive empirical analysis based on three real-world datasets, showing that the performances of the RP approaches generally tend to place both in terms of risk and profitability between those obtained from the minimum risk and the Equally Weighted strategies

Investigation of Serum NO, ADMA and Apelin Levels in Thyroid Dysfunction

Thyroid gland diseases are among the most common endocrine diseases and still continue to be an important health problem especially in developing countries. It was aimed to investigate serum NO, ADMA and Apelin levels in patients with thyroid dysfunction. This study was conducted with 150 thyroid patients and 50 healthy subjects. Study subjects were divided into three groups; control (n=50), hyperthyroid ( n=75) and hypothyroid (n=75). Serum TSH, FT3, FT4   levels  were  measured  by  chemiluminescence  method  NO  level  were  measured  by spectrophotometric method, ADMA and apelin levels were measured by ELISA. Serum NO levels were higher in hypothyroid group than in hyperthyroid group, and the difference was statistically significant. Serum ADMA levels of the hyperthyroid group were significantly higher than the other two groups and the difference was statistically significant. The levels  of  serum  apelin  were  statistically significantly higher in the hyperthyroid group than the other two groups. In patients with hyperthyroidism, ADMA and Apelin levels were higher, while NO level was lower. However, NO level was higher in patients with hypothyroidims than the other two groups. Apelin, which has been emphasized  as  a  preventive  and  therapeutic  agent  particularly  for  the cardiovascular system, might have increased in hyperthyroid patients, regardless of NO, to protect cardiovascular system from possible adverse effects of ADMA. Keywords: Asymmetric dimethylarginine, apelin, nitric oxide, thyroid dysfunction DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/67-03 Publication date:August 31st 202

Assessment of the Prevalence of Pulp Stones in a Sample of Turkish Central Anatolian Population

Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of pulp stones (PS) in a Turkish dental patient population with respect to sexes and dental localization in relation between sex and this anomaly. Materials Methods. A retrospective study was performed using bitewing radiographs of 814 patients ranging in age from 15 to 65. All data (age, sex, and location) was obtained from the files. These patients were analyzed for pulp stones. Descriptive characteristics of sexes, jaws, and dental localization were recorded. The Pearson chi-squared test was used. Results. Of the patients, 462 (56.8%) were female and 352 (43.2%) were male. Sixty (12%) had one or more teeth that contained pulp stones. Pulp stones were identified in 518 (63.6%) of the subjects and in 2391 (27.8%) of the teeth examined. Pulp stone occurrence was significantly more common in the females than in males. With the increasing of age, the prevalence of pulp stones increased. Molars had statistically more pulp stones than premolars. Pulp stones were significantly more common in the maxilla compared with mandible. Conclusion. Prevalence of pulp stones in Turkish population was 27.8% but further larger-scale studies are required to assess its prevalence in the general population to compare it with other ethnic groups

ORTA KARADENİZ TOPLUMUNDA DENTAL ANOMALİLERİN GÖRÜLME SIKLIĞI

ÖZETAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Orta Karadeniz toplumunda dental anomalilerin görülme sıklığının değerlendirilmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma çeşitli dental problemlerden dolayı, tedavi olmak amacıyla Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Diş Hekimliği Fakültesine başvuran, 15- 60 yaş arası toplam 3795 (2357 kadın, 1438 erkek) bireyin muayeneleri amacıyla rutin olarak alınmış olan, panoramik röntgen filmleri kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Filmler üzerinde; gömülü dişler, alt keser diş eksiklikleri, transpozisyona uğramış dişler ve sürnümerer dişler değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya 3. molar dişler dahil edilmemiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen bireylerde, incelenen dental anomalilerin toplam görülme sıklığı %6,58 (kadın:148 birey, %6,27, erkek:102 birey, %7,09) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu anomaliler içerisinde gömülü diş görülme sıklığı %4,29 (kadın:101 birey, %4,28; erkek:62 birey, %4,31), alt keser diş eksikliği görülme sıklığı %1,10 (kadın:26 birey, %1,10; erkek:16 birey, %1,11), transpozisyon görülme sıklığı %0,28 (kadın:9 birey, %0,38; erkek:2 birey, %0,13) ve sürnümerer diş görülme sıklığı %0,89 (kadın:12 birey, %0,50; erkek:22 birey, %1,52) olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca transmigrasyona uğramış gömülü mandibuler kanin prevalansı %0,13 (kadın:3 birey, %0,12; erkek:2 birey, %0,14) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan istatistiksel analiz sonucunda yalnızca sürnümerer dişlerin değerlendirilmesinde cinsiyetler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark elde edilmiş, diğer anomalilerde cinsiyetler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit edilememiştir.Sonuç: Çalışmamızda incelenen dental anomaliler arasında görülme sıklığı en fazla olan anomalinin diş gömülülüğü olduğu tespit edilmiş olup, daha sonra sırasıyla alt keser diş eksikliği, sürnümerer diş ve transpozisyon gelmektedir. Diş hekimlerinin yalnızca klinik muayene ile tespit edilemeyecek dental anomaliler ile karşılaşabileceklerinin farkında olmaları ve radyografik muayenelerini ihmal etmemeleri gerekmektedir

Development of a Psychometric Instrument Based on the Inference- Based Approach to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: The Obsessional Probabilistic Inference Scale

ABSTRACT Introduction: The current article addresses the validation of the construct of obsessional probabilistic inference in clinical and non-clinical samples. Obsessional probabilistic inference or obsessional doubt refers to a type of inferential process resulting in the belief that a state of affairs "maybe" causes development of a maladaptive cognitive coping style in terms of obsessing

In a real-life setting, direct-acting antivirals to people who inject drugs with chronic hepatitis c in Turkey

Background: People who inject drugs (PWID) should be treated in order to eliminate hepatitis C virus in the world. The aim of this study was to compare direct-acting antivirals treatment of hepatitis C virus for PWID and non-PWID in a real-life setting. Methods: We performed a prospective, non-randomized, observational multicenter cohort study in 37 centers. All patients treated with direct-acting antivirals between April 1, 2017, and February 28, 2019, were included. In total, 2713 patients were included in the study among which 250 were PWID and 2463 were non-PWID. Besides patient characteristics, treatment response, follow-up, and side effects of treatment were also analyzed. Results: Genotype 1a and 3 were more prevalent in PWID-infected patients (20.4% vs 9.9% and 46.8% vs 5.3%). The number of naïve patients was higher in PWID (90.7% vs 60.0%), while the number of patients with cirrhosis was higher in non-PWID (14.1% vs 3.7%). The loss of follow-up was higher in PWID (29.6% vs 13.6%). There was no difference in the sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after treatment (98.3% vs 98.4%), but the end of treatment response was lower in PWID (96.2% vs 99.0%). In addition, the rate of treatment completion was lower in PWID (74% vs 94.4%). Conclusion: Direct-acting antivirals were safe and effective in PWID. Primary measures should be taken to prevent the loss of follow-up and poor adherence in PWID patients in order to achieve World Health Organization’s objective of eliminating viral hepatitis

Inappropriate antimicrobial use in Turkish pediatric hospitals: A multicenter point prevalence survey

Objectives: Although well-defined principles of rational antimicrobial use are available, inappropriate prescribing patterns are reported worldwide. Accurate information on the usage of antimicrobials, including factors associated with and influencing their use, is valuable for improving the quality of prescription practices. Methods: In this cross-sectional point prevalence survey, data on patients hospitalized in 12 different children's hospitals were collected on a single day. Appropriateness of prescription was compared between the types of antimicrobials prescribed, indications, wards, and presence of/consultation with an infectious disease physician (IDP). Results: A total 711 of 1302 (54.6%) patients evaluated were receiving one or more antimicrobial drugs. The antimicrobial prescription rate was highest in pediatric intensive care (75.7%) and lowest in the surgery wards (37.0%). Of the 711 patients receiving antimicrobials, 332 patients (46.7%) were found to be receiving at least one inappropriately prescribed drug. Inappropriate use was most frequent in surgery wards (80.2%), while it was less common in oncology wards (31.8%; p < 0.001). Respiratory tract infection was the most common indication for antimicrobial use (29.4%). Inappropriate use was more common in deep-seated infections (54.7%) and respiratory infections (56.5%). Fluoroquinolones were used inappropriately more than any other drugs (81.8%, p = 0.021). Consultation with an IDP appears to increase appropriate antimicrobial use (p = 0.008). Conclusions: Inappropriate antimicrobial use remains a common problem in Turkish pediatric hospitals. Consultation with an IDP and prescribing antimicrobial drugs according to microbiological test results could decrease the inappropriate use of antimicrobials