Colloidal Behaviors of Conducting Polymer/Chitosan Composite Particles

In this study, colloidal behaviours of conducting polymer (CP) and chitosan (CS) multi‐functional composite particles were investigated by using electrokinetic measurements. The effects of pH, electrolytes, surfactants and temperature on electrokinetic properties were determined as a function of ζ‐potential of the colloidal dispersions. The obtained result showed that the zeta (ζ)‐potential of CP increases to the higher positive region due to interaction with polycationic CS. Isoelectric points (IEP) of the CP/CS composite are also shifted to higher pH values. The positive ζ‐potential of the composite shifts to more positive regions when the electrolyte valence and cationic surfactant concentration are increased. Also, these ζ‐potential value shifts to negative region with the addition of anionic surfactant. Temperature affects the ζ‐potential of the CP/CS dispersion. As a conclusion, colloidal behaviours of CP/CS composite particles can be altered by using different charged molecules. Therefore, CP/CS composite particles could be a good adsorbent for separation process

Design and walking analysis of proposed four-legged glass cleaning robot

In this study, a legged and wheeled robot model was proposed for cleaning the glass of greenhouses. The robot has four wheels and four legs, each with three degrees of freedom (DOF). The design, kinematic analysis and simulation of the robot was carried out. Glass greenhouses are created by placing glass sheets on T-shaped iron bars arranged in parallel at certain intervals. The robot performs the glass cleaning task by performing two different movements on greenhouse roof. As a first movement, the robot moves like a train moving on the rail on iron bars with wheels, cleaning the glass as it travels. After cleaning the glasses placed between two iron bars along a column, as second movement, the robot passes the next column using legs. These two movements continue until the entire roof of the greenhouse is cleaned. Kinematic analysis of this robot, which is designed with mechanical properties that can make these movements, has been made. Walking simulation of the robot was carried out according to the kinematic analysis. The simulation results showed that this proposed robot can be used to clean glass on the greenhouse roof

1 Mayıs 2003 Bingöl depremi (Mw=6.4) kırılma sürecinin telesismik genişbant P ve SH dalga şekillerinin sonlu-fay ters çözümü yoluyla incelenmesi

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.1 Mayıs 2003 Bingöl depreminin uzak-alanda kayıt edilmiş P ve SH hız dalga şekillerinin sonlu-fay kayma-dağılım modelini bulmak için ters çözümü yapıldı. Hartzell ve Heaton(1983) tarafından geliştirilmiş bir doğrusal sonlu-fay ters çözüm yöntemi kullanıldı. Deprem sırasındaki faylanmayı temsil etmek için boyutları 30 km 18 km olan bir model fay düzlemi kullanıldı. Model fay düzlemi, kaymanın uzaysal dağılımının bulunması için 60 fay parçasına bölündü. Başlangıç ters çözüm denemeleri 10 km odak derinliğinin, 2,7 km / sn kırılma hızının, -178o sabit rake açısının ve güneydoğuya doğru tek taraflı bir kırılmanın veriyi en iyi açıkladığını ortaya koymuştur. Rake açısının -90o ile -180o arasında değiştiği değişken rake açılı ters çözüm denemesi, faylanmanın nerdeyse tamamen sağ-yanal olduğunu göstermiştir. Bundan dolayı modellemede sabit rake açısı tercih edilmiştir. Sonuç kayma modeli, deprem kırılmasının odağın 13 km güneydoğusunda ve 5 km eğim yukarısında yerleşmiş, en büyük yer değiştirmesi 85 cm olan bir büyük pürüz tarafından kontrol edildiğini önermektedir. Ana kırılma tek taraflı olarak güneydoğuya doğru yayılmış ve kaymanın 10 km' den daha sığ olduğu, 2015 km2'lik bir fay alanını örtmektedir. Bununla beraber, 15 km derinliğinde 25 cm en büyük kayma genliğine sahip bir kayma alanı daha vardır. Kırılma 10 sn sürmüş ve ana sismik moment serbestlenmesi 3-8 sn zaman aralığında meydana gelmiştir. Tercih edilen kayma modeli için 4,11019 Ntm' lik (Mw6,4) bir sismik moment hesaplanmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: 1 Mayıs 2003 Bingöl depremi, sonlu-fay ters çözümü, uzaysal dağılım, rake açısıTeleseismicaly recorded P and SH velocity waveforms of the 1 May 2003 Bingöl earthquake are inverted to obtain finite-fault slip distribution model. A linear finite-fault inversion technique developed by Hartzell and Heaton (1983) is employed. A model fault plane with dimensions 30 km x 18 km is used to represent faulting during the earthquake. The model fault-plane is divided into 60 subfaults for spatial distribution of slip to be found in the inversion. Initial trials have revealed that a hypocentral depth of 10 km, a rupture velocity of 2,7 km/s, a fixed rake angle of -178o and unilateral rupture toward SE explain the data best. Variable rake ange inversion trial with rake angle varying between -90o and -180o has indicated that the faulting almost pure right-lateral. Therefore, fixed rake angle is preferred in the modeling. The final slip model suggests that the rupture of the earthquake was controlled by a large asperity that is located 13 km southeast and 5 km up-dip of the hpocentre with peak displacement of 85 cm. The main rupture is unilaterally propagated to the SE and covers a fault area of 20 x15 km2 with slip shallower than 10 km. Nevertheless, there is also a slip area at depth of 15 km with peak slip amplitude of 25 cm. The rupture lasted 10 s and the main seismic moment release occurred in the time range of 3-8 s. A seismic moment of 4,1x1019 Ntm (Mw6,4) is estimated for the preferred slip model. Keywords: 1 May 2003 Bingöl earthquake, finite-fault inversion, spatial distribution, rake angl

AN INVESTIGATION OF PRE-SERVICE PRESCHOOL TEACHERS' ATTITUDES AND SELF-EFFICACY TOWARDS SCIENCE EDUCATION ACCORDING TO VARIOUS VARIABLES

Science education helps individuals understand the events occurring in their environment and the world, starting from their immediate environment. This study aims to determine pre-service preschool teachers' science education self-efficacy and attitudes toward science teaching according to various variables. This research is a descriptive study based on the survey model. The study group of the research consists of 320 pre-service teachers studying at Akdeniz University, Faculty of Education, and Department of Preschool Education. The data of the study were collected through the "Attitude Scale of Preschool Teachers Towards Science Teaching and "Self-Efficacy Scale of Preschool Teachers Towards Science Education. As a result of the study, it was determined that pre-service preschool teachers had positive attitudes toward science teaching and self-efficacy toward science education was high.  Article visualizations

Assessing the performance of machine learning algorithms in Google Earth Engine for land use and land cover analysis: A case study of Muğla province, Türkiye

Regions with high tourism density are very sensitive to human activities. Ensuring sustainability by preserving the cultural characteristics and natural structure of these regions is of critical importance in order to transfer these assets to the future world heritage. Detecting and mapping changes in land use and land cover (LULC) using innovative methods within short time intervals are of great importance for both monitoring the regional change and making administrative planning by taking necessary measures in a timely manner. In this context, this study focuses on the creation of a 4-class LULC map of Muğla province over the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform by utilizing three different machine learning algorithms, namely, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Classification and Regression Tree (CART), and on comparison of their accuracy assessments. For improved classification accuracy, as well with the Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 satellite images, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) are also derived and used in classification of the major land use classes, which are ‘built-up area & barren land’, ‘dense vegetation’, ‘water surface’, and ‘shrub, grassland & sparse vegetation’. Experimental results show that the most relevant algorithm is RF with 0.97 overall accuracy and 0.96 Kappa value, followed by SVM and CART algorithms, respectively. These results indicate that the RF classifier outperforms both SVM and CART classifiers in terms of accuracy. Moreover, based on the results of the RF classifier, 19% (2,429 km2) of the study region is classified as built-up area & barren land, 48% (6,135 km2) as dense vegetation, 2% (301 km2) as water surface and 30% (3,832 km2) as shrub, grassland & sparse vegetation class

İlköğretim öğrencilerinde Allah inancı

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Bu araştırmanın amacı orta öğretim öğrencilerinin psikolojik belirtilerinin sosyal destek algısı ve akademik erteleme açısından incelemektir. Araştırmada ayrıca orta öğretim öğrencilerinin psikolojik belirtileri, algılanan sosyal destek düzeyleri ve akademik erteleme davranışı cinsiyet, yaş, sınıf düzeyi, okul türü, algılanılan akademik başarı, anne-babanın yaşama-öz/üvey olma ?evlilik durumları, kardeş sayısı, dünyaya geliş sırası, algılanılan sosyoekonomik düzey ve yaşadıkları yer değişkenleri açısından da incelenmiştir.Bu araştırmanın örneklemini, Düzce il merkezinde bulunan 4 farklı türdeki orta öğretim okulunda tesadüfî küme örneklemi yoluyla seçilen 9.,10. ve 11. sınıf ta okuyan 380 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır.Araştırmada verilerin toplanmasında araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen `Kişisel bilgi formu', psikolojik belirtileri belirlemek için Kısa semptom envanteri'(Şahin ve Durak, 1994)`,sosyal destek algısını ölçmek için `Çocuk ve ergenler için sosyal destek değerlendirme ölçeği'(Gökler, 2007) ve akademik erteleme davranışı ölçmek için `Aitken erteleme ölçeği'(Aitken, 1982) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilere, farklılıkların anlamlılık testi için iki değişkene sahip gruplarda ?Bağımsız Grup t Testi?, ikiden fazla değişkenli gruplarda ?Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (F Testi), ?Pearson Korelasyon Testi?. Tek yönlü varyans analizi sonucunda çıkan ?F? değerinin anlamlı olması durumunda, hangi grupların ortalamaları arasında anlamlı düzeyde fark olduğunun belirlenmesi için ise gerekli ?Tukey? testi uygulanmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi .05 olarak kabul edilmiştir.Araştırma bulgularına göre orta öğretim öğrencilerinin genel psikolojik belirti düzeylerinin, sosyal destek algısı ile negatif doğrusal ilişki; akademik erteleme davranışı ile pozitif doğrusal ilişki içerisinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca psikolojik belirti düzeyleri, algılanan sosyal destek ve akademik erteleme ile demografik özellikleri arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin KSE, SDÖ ve AEÖ 'den aldıkları puanların cinsiyet, yaş, sınıf düzeyi, okul türü, algılanılan akademik başarı, anne-babanın yaşama ve evlilik durumları, algılanılan sosyoekonomik düzey ve yaşadıkları yer gibi sosyodemografik özelliklere göre değişkenlik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.Elde edilen sonuçlara göre psikolojik belirtiler sosyal destek algısı ve akademik erteleme açısından tartışılmış ve sonraki araştırmalara yönelik olarak önerilerde bulunulmuştur.The purpose of this research is to examine high school students? psychological symptoms in terms of perceived social support and academic procrastination. Also in this research secondary students? psychological symptoms, perceived social support levels, academic procrastinations are investigated in terms of students? sexes, ages ,grade levels, school types, perceived academic achievements, number of their siblings, order of their arrival the world, their perceived socio-economic status, place of their residence and their parents' situations `if they are dead or alive, own or step, married or divorced?380 9th, 10th, and 11th grade students studying in four different types of secondary schools in the center of Duzce province which have been selected by using a random cluster sample has composed the sample of this study .For data collection, `Personal information form? developed by the researcher , `Brief symptom inventory (Şahin ve Durak, 1994)? to determine the psychological symptoms, `social support rating scale for children and adolescents? (Gökler, 2007) to measure the status of perceived social support and 'Aitken procrastination scale? (Aitken, 1982) to measure academic procrastination behavior have been used in this research.To the datas obtained in this research, in the groups that have two varries `the independent sample of t test? has been applied for the significance test of differences. In the groups that have more than two varries ?one-way anova (F test), ?Pearson correlation test? have been applied and in the case of the result of f value is significant Tukey test has been applied to determine the significant differences between the groups. Level of statistical significance was accepted as .05According to the findings of this research, high school students' levels of general psychological symptoms have negative linear relationship with the perception of social support, and positive linear relationship with the academic procrastination. Also this research shows that there are statistically significant differences between the levels of psychological symptoms, perceived social support,academic procrastination behaviour and demographic characteristics. Students? SSI, SSS ve APS scores was found to vary according to their sexes, ages, grade levels, school types, perceived academic achievements, lives and marital status of their parents, perceived socio-demographic characteristics such as socioeconomic status and place of their residences. According to the results, psychological symptoms have been discussed in terms of social support perception and academic procrastination and suggestions have been made for subsequent researches

İlköğretim öğrencilerinde Allah inancı

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.SAÜ, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tez ÖzetiTezin Başlığı: lköğretim Öğrencilerinde Allah nancıTezin Yazarı: Salih Kerem ÇABUK Danışman: Doç. Dr. Recep KAYMAKCANKabul Tarihi: 26 Haziran 2006 Sayfa Sayısı: XVIII (ön kısım) +226 (tez)Anabilimdalı: Felsefe ve Din Bilimleri Bilimdalı: Din EğitimiBu araştırma, ilköğretim ikinci kademe öğrencilerinin, Allah tasavvurlarını, din öğretiminden Allahinancı noktasında beklentilerini ve mevcut öğretimden tatmin düzeylerini belirlemek amacıylayapılmıştır. Araştırma, 2005-2006 öğretim yılının II. yarıyılında Düzce il merkezinde bulunan 27resmi ilköğretim ve 3 özel ilköğretim okulu içersinden seçilen 2'si özel 6 okulun, 6-7. ve 8.sınıflarında okuyan kız ve erkek 567 öğrenci üzerinde yapılmıştır. Araştırma bu öğrenciler üzerindeanket tekniği kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bu şekilde toplanan verilerin istatistiksel işlemleri SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Sciences) bilgisayar istatistiksel paket programı ile yapılmıştır.Araştırmada, Öğrencilerin Allah tasavvurlarının zihinsel gelişimlerine paralel soyut bir niteliğesahip olduğu, öğrencilerin çoğunda Allah inancının kendini güvende hissetme ve Allah'a yakınhissetme gibi olumlu duyguların gelişmesine sebep olduğu tespit edilmiştir.Öğrencilerin çoğu Allah'ın merhametinin cezalandırmasından daha fazla olduğuna inanmakta veAllah'ın ödüllendirmeye ve cezalandırmaya daha dünyada iken başlayacağını düşünmektedirler.Öğrencilerin din dersinde en merak ettikleri konu Allah inancıdır. Öğrencileri din dersiöğretmenlerini ve dolayısıyla din dersini Allah'ın sevilmesi noktasında etkili bulmaktadır.Öğrencilerin Allah inancı öğretimi ile ilgili tatmin düzeyleri yüksektir. Öğrenciler DKAB dersindeverilen cevapları yeterli, DKAB kitaplarını doyurucu bulmaktadır.Öğrencilerin Allah inancı öğretimi ile ilgili beklentileri yüksektir. Öğrenciler Allah inancıöğretiminde, teknolojik imkânlardan daha fazla yararlanılmasını, daha anlaşılır ifade, benzetme vegüncel örneklerin kullanılmasını, hikâyelere ve ayetlere daha fazla yer verilmesini istemektedirler.Bununla birlikte öğrenciler Allah inancının her sene tekrar edilmesini arzulamaktadırlar.Anahtar kel imeler: lköğretim Öğrencileri, Din Kültürü ve Ahlâk Bilgisi, Allah nancıÖğretimi, Allah Tasavvuru, Beklenti.Sakarya University Insitute of Social Sciences Abstract of Master?s ThesisTitle of the Thesis: The Faith in God Among the Students of Primary SchoolsAuthor: Salih Kerem ÇABUK Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Recep KAYMAKCANDate: 26 June 2006 Nu. of pages: XVIII (pre text) + 226 (main body)Department: Philosophy and Religious Sciences Subfield: Religious EducationThe aim of this paper is to understand the concept of God in the second stage primary schoolstudents mind, their expectations from religious education in this regard and to what extent they aresatisfied about the existing education. The research depends on the interviews with 567 studentsstudying in the 6-7 and 8th classes of 2 private and 4 public schools selected out of 27 public and 3private schools in Düzce city center during the 2nd semester of 2005-2006 Academic Year. Thequestionnaire method was used and the collected data was processed through SPSS (StatisticalPackage for Social Sciences) software program.By this research, it is understood that the concept of God gaining notional character in line with themental improvement of the students encourages belief in God and particularly leads feelingcloseness to God in return making most of the students feel themselves in trust and confident.Most of the students believe that the mercy of God exceeds his/her punishment and the mercy-punishment process is being starting during the life itself.Faith in God is the subject in the religious courses of which the students are most curious about.They find the teacher and religious courses as effective factors in loving God. Thestudents acknowledge the teaching belief in God as highly satisfactory. They find the answers inReligious Culture and Ethics Knowledge lectures adequate and the books highly meeting theirneeds.Student's expectation from the teaching of God belief is high. Regarding to the teaching they wishto face more usage of technological facilities and more understandable expressions anddaily examples, stories and versus. Additionally, they expect the repetition of the teaching everyyear.Keywords: Primary School Students, Religious Culture and Ethics Knowledge, Teachingthe faith in God, the perception about God, Expectation.xvi

Development and Validation of Behaviors toward Gays and Lesbians on Campus Scale

In the literature, there have been many studies measuring homophobic attitudes of heterosexual people. However, there is limited research on behavioral aspects of homophobia. We attempted to develop a new scale measuring homophobic behaviors of heterosexual students toward gay and lesbian individuals on campus life. We developed BGLC (Behaviors toward Gays and Lesbians on Campus) Scale and validated the scale by comparing it with Age Universal I-E Scale, Homophobic Behaviors of Students Scale (HBSS) and Future Engagement in Activities Concerning Homosexual People (FEACHP) in order to study discriminant, convergent and criterion validity, respectively

Effect of a dietary essential oil mixture on performance of laying hens in the summer season

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplements of either an essential oil mixture (EOM) or a mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) as alternatives to an antibiotic feed additive (avilamycin) for layers kept under hot summer conditions. Four hundred and eighty 54-week old Nick-Brown hens were assigned to four dietary treatments. Each treatment consisted of four replications of 10 cages (three hens per cage). The treatment groups were: 1) Control: Basal diet without additive; 2) Basal diet plus antibiotic (10 mg avilamycin/kg feed); 3) Basal diet plus 1 g MOS/kg feed; 4) Basal diet plus 24 mg EOM/kg feed. Performance of laying hens was affected by dietary treatments. Dietary supplementation of EOM and MOS significantly increased egg production compared with control and antibiotic groups. There were no significant differences in feed consumption between treatments. The EOM significantly improved feed conversion ratio above that of the control group. Egg weights were significantly different between treatments. Laying hens consuming MOS produced significantly lower egg weights than the other groups, while egg weights in the EOM, antibiotic and control groups did not differ significantly. Cracked-broken egg rate was decreased by dietary addition of EOM, MOS and antibiotic compared with the control. Number of deaths among hens was significantly affected by dietary treatments with the number of deaths in the MOS treatment being significantly lower than in the other treatments. The performance of laying hens during the summer season could be maintained with inclusions of EOM and MOS in the diet. Keywords: Essential oils, mannan oligosaccharide, antibiotic, egg production, laying hen, summer seasonSouth African Journal of Animal Science Vol. 36 (4) 2006: pp. 215-22