Experimental Investigation on Nano MoS2 Application in Milling of EN-GSJ 700-02 Cast Iron with Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL)

479-483In this study, effects of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) conditions on machinability were investigated in milling operations, which is an important machining method. In this context, nano-sized solid lubricant MoS2 was mixed into MQL and EN-GSJ 700-02 spherical graphite cast iron was milled. Surface roughness and tool wear were examined and effects of nano-MoS2 were investigated. A range of statistical analyses such as Dunnet test was performed to determine Ra results and their relationship with experimental parameters. Positive results were obtained from nano MoS2 that was added to improve lubrication and cooling properties into fluid in MQL system. Lowest Ra value was measured as 0.47 µm in conditions of 5 bar pressure, 160 ml / min flow rate and MQL + 0.5% MoS2 spraying. A 45% improvement was achieved in these conditions. Added nano MoS2 played an alternative role on surface roughness and tool wear

Experimental Investigation on Nano MoS2 Application in Milling of EN-GSJ 700-02 Cast Iron with Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL)

In this study, effects of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) conditions on machinability were investigated in milling operations, which is an important machining method. In this context, nano-sized solid lubricant MoS2 was mixed into MQL and EN-GSJ 700-02 spherical graphite cast iron was milled. Surface roughness and tool wear were examined and effects of nano-MoS2 were investigated. A range of statistical analyses such as Dunnet test was performed to determine Ra results and their relationship with experimental parameters. Positive results were obtained from nano MoS2 that was added to improve lubrication and cooling properties into fluid in MQL system. Lowest Ra value was measured as 0.47 µm in conditions of 5 bar pressure, 160 ml / min flow rate and MQL + 0.5% MoS2 spraying. A 45% improvement was achieved in these conditions. Added nano MoS2 played an alternative role on surface roughness and tool wear

Natural diterpenoid alysine A isolated from Teucrium alyssifolium exerts antidiabetic effect via enhanced glucose uptake and suppressed glucose absorption

Teucrium species have been used in folk medicine as antidiabetic, antiinflammatory, antiulcer, and antibacterial agents. We have explored in vitro antidiabetic impacts of 2 natural diterpenoids, alysine A and alysine B, isolated from Teucrium alyssifolium. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay, glucose uptake test, glucose utilization (glycogen content) test, glucose transport test, glucose absorption (α-glucosidase activity) test, insulin secretion test, RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis assay, qPCR quantification assays, and statistical analyses were carried out in the present study. Alysine A exerted the following effects at non-cytotoxic doses: • Enhanced the glucose uptake, as much as the insulin in the C2C12, HepG2, and 3T3-L1 cells • Increased the glycogen content in the C2C12 and HepG2 liver cells, significantly higher than the insulin and metformin • Suppressed the alpha-glucosidase and the GLUT2 expression levels in the Caco-2 cells • Suppressed the SGLT1 and GLUT1-5 expression levels in the Caco-2 cells • Induced the insulin receptor substrate (IRS)1 and GLUT2 expression levels of the BTC6 pancreatic cells • Induced the insulin receptor (INSR), IRS2, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), GLUT4, and protein kinase (PK) expression levels of the 3T3-L1 and C2C12 cells • Increased glucose transport through the Caco-2 cell layer • Did not influence insulin secretion in the pancreatic BTC6 cells Consequently, these data strongly emphasized the antidiabetic action of alysine A on the particularly critical model mechanisms that assume a part in glucose homeostasis, such as glucose uptake, utilization, and storage. Moreover, the expression level of the essential genes in glucose metabolism and insulin signaling was altered in a way that the results would be antihyperglycemic. A blend of in vitro and in situ tests affirmed the antihyperglycemic action of alysine A and its mechanism. Alysine A has exercised significant and positive results on the glucose homeostasis; thus, it is a natural and pleiotropic antidiabetic agent. Advanced in vivo studies are required to clarify the impact of this compound on glucose homeostasis completelyThis work was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey under TÜBİTAK, under Project No.: 114Z640, and Pamukkale University under Project No.: PAUBAP-2014FBE029

Subcutaneous C.E.R.A. for the Treatment of Chronic Renal Anemia in Predialysis Patients

Background: We investigated the efficacy, safety and tolerability of once-monthly administration of C.E.R.A. in erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) naive predialysis patients with CKD for anemia treatment Study Design: Single arm, open label study. Methods: A total of 75 patients (mean (SD) age was 52.8 (16.4) years, 76.0% were female) were included in this study conducted between 12 August 2008 and 30 October 2009 in 9 centers across Turkey. The mean change in Hb concentration (g/dL) between baseline (week 0) and the efficacy evaluation period (EEP) was the primary efficacy parameter evaluated in three consecutive periods including a dose titration period (DTP; with initial 1.2 ?g/kg dose of C.E.R.A., subcutaneously, 28 weeks), EEP (8 weeks) and a long-term safety period (16 weeks). Results: Our analysis revealed an improvement in Hb levels from baseline value of 9.4 (0.4) g/dL to time adjusted average level of 11.4 (0.7) g/dL in EEP in the per protocol (PP) population and from 9.3 (0.5) g/dL to 11.1 (1.0) g/dL in intent-to-treat (ITT) population. Mean (SD) change in Hb levels from baseline to EEP was 2.0 (0.7) g/dl in the PP population (primary endpoint) and 1.7 (1.1) g/dL in the ITT population. The percentage of patients whose Hb concentrations remained within the target range of 10.0-12.0 g/dL throughout the EEP was 43.9% (95% CI: 28.5-60.3%) in the PP population and 38.7% (95% CI: 27.6% to 50.6%) in the ITP population. A total of 206 adverse events (AE) were reported in 77.0% of patients with hypertension (20%) as the most frequent AE. Conclusion: Once-monthly subcutaneous C.E.R.A. administration is effective and safe in the treatment of anemia in pre-dialysis patients with CKD, who are not currently treated with ESAs

Yakıotunun Ksenobiyotik Metabolizması Üzerine Etkilerinin ve İlaç-Diyet Etkileşim Potansiyelinin Proteomik ve Moleküler Yaklaşımlar ile Aydınlatılması

TÜBİTAK TBAG Proje15.05.201

Investigation of aromotase inhibition by several dietary vegetables in human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines

Objective: In this study we have investigated the effect of extracts obtained from well-known vegetable diets consumed commonly in Mediterranean and Aegean regions of Turkey on the expression of aromatase at protein, mRNA and activity levels in human non-small cell lung cancer cells- PC-3 and PC-14 cell lines. Method: For this purpose, cytotoxicity was determined by using crystal violet stain. In vivo and in vitro aromatase activity was determined flourometrically. The expression of aromatase in protein and mRNA levels was detected by Western blotting using anti-hCYP19 and reverse transcriptase- polymerase chain reaction using suitable primers, respectively. Result: Extracts obtained from Laurus nobilis, Mentha piperita, Crocus sativus reduced aromatase activity 32%, 44%, 36% and 42%, 32%, 56% in PC-14 and PC-3 cell lines, respectively, no significant changes were observed in protein and mRNA levels. Whereas extract obtained from Allium porrum decreased aromatase activity and mRNA level only in PC-14 cell lines by 52% and 2,5-fold, respectively, without significant influence on aromatase protein level. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study have shown that Laurus nobilis, Mentha piperita, Crocus sativus and Allium porrum do contain effective aromatase inhibitors. Therefore, further studies investigating the content of these vegetables are necessary to understand the potential role and mechanism of action of these foods in reducing the risk of non-small cell lung carcinomas. © TurkJBiochem.com

İnsan küçük hücreli olmayan akciğer kanser hücrelerinde çeşitli gıdalar tarafından aromataz inhibisyonunun araştırılması

Amaç: Bu çalışmamızda Akdeniz ve Ege bölgemizde yaygın olarak tüketilen, bitkisel gıdalardan elde edilmiş özütlerin akciğer kanserinin bir tipi olan küçük hücreli olmayan insan akciğer kanseri hücrelerinde (PC-3 ve PC-14) protein, mRNA ve aktivite düzeylerinde aromataz ifadesi üzerine etkilerini araştırdık.Yöntem: Bu amaçla sitotoksik etki kristal viyole boyası kullanılarak belirlendi. In vivo ve in vitro aromataz aktivitesi florometrik olarak tayin edildi. Aromataz protein ifadesi antihCYP19 antikorları kullanılarak Western blot ile mRNA ifadesi uygun primerler kullanılarak ters transkriptaz polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu yöntemi ile belirlendi.Bulgular: Laurus nobilis, Mentha piperita, Crocus sativus'dan elde edilen özütler PC14 ve PC-3 hücre hatlarında aromataz aktivitesini sırasıyla %32, %44, %36 ve %42, %32, %56 oranlarında azaltmıştır, protein ve mRNA seviyelerinde anlamlı değişiklikler gözlenmemiştir. Allium porrum'dan elde edilen özüt PC-14 hücrelerinde aromataz aktivitesi ve mRNA ifadesini sırasıyla %52 ve 2,5-kat azaltırken, aromataz protein düzeyinde bir değişiklik yapmamış, PC-3 hücrelerinde herhangi bir etki göstermemiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada elde edilen bulgular, Laurus nobilis, Mentha piperita, Crocus sativus ve Allium porrum etkili aromataz inhibitörü içerdiğini göstermektedir Sonuç olarak, bu gıdaların küçük hücreli olmayan insan akciğer kanseri riskini azaltmada potansiyel rolleri ve etki mekanizmalarını anlamak için bu sebzelerin içeriğini araştıran ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardı