A novel solidified floating organic drop microextraction method for preconcentration and determination of copper ions by flow injection flame atomic absorption spectrometry in water samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive solidified floating organic drop microextraction (SFODME) and flow injection flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination (FI-FAAS) method for copper was developed. 3-amino-7-dimethylamino-2-methylphenazine (Neutral red, NR) was used as the complexing agent. Several factors affecting the microextraction efficiency, such as, pH, NR and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) concentration, extraction time, stirring rate, and temperature were investigated and optimized. Under optimized experimental conditions an enrichment factor of 541 was obtained for 100 mL of sample solution. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 0.5 – 20.0 ng mL–1 and the limit of detection (3s) was 0.18 ng mL–1, the limit of quantification (10s) was 0.58 ng mL–1. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for 10 replicate measurements of 10 ng mL–1 copper was 2.7%. The developed method was successfully applied to the extraction and determination of copper in different certified reference materials (Estuarine water, Slew 3 and fortified water, TM 23.2) and real water samples and satisfactory results were obtained

An Application of Coacervate-Based Extraction for The Separation and Preconcentration of Cadmium, Lead, and Nickel Ions Prior To Their Determination By Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in Various Water Samples

Scopu

New therapeutic system based on hydrogels for vaginal candidiasis management: Formulation-characterization andin vitroevaluation based on vaginal irritation and direct contact test

The objective of the present research was to examine the possible usage of terbinafine loaded hydrogels for vaginal application as part of vaginal candidiasis treatment. Vaginal candidiasis belongs to the most frequent gynecological disorders. Various antifungal drugs are used for its treatment, with Terbinafine being one of them. In this study, new gel formulations were prepared for Terbinafine vaginal delivery. Natural polymers such as chitosan, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and Carbopol were used for the development of Terbinafine vaginal gels. The developed gels were examined for their viscosity and spreadability, pH and mechanical properties. The most optimal formulations were further evaluated for theirin vitrorelease behavior and antifungal activities. In further, the cytotoxicity and irritation inducing capacity of optimum gel formulations were evaluated.In vitrodrug release studies demonstrated that terbinafine release was prolonged whereas anti-candida activity in several species showed the superiority of the gels compared to the marketed product. G-5 and G-8 gels did not cause lysis, hemorrhage and coagulation, therefore, classified as non-irritant. The optimal formulations were also studied for their stability, demonstrating that they were stable for 3 months