Vaccination in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis – Part I

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It is a chronic disease, and in the evaluation of all other health and vital processes, decisions should be made by considering the disease process and the drugs used by the patient. Since vaccination can be performed at every stage of life, from childhood to adulthood, immune system activity, except where it is characteristic of the vaccine, should be reviewed in patients with MS. In this review, the applications of different vaccines in individuals with MS are discussed in two separate sections

The Reducing Effect of Agomelatine on Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Convulsions

Introduction: Agomelatine is a potent MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptor agonist and a 5-HT2C serotonin receptor antagonist. The purpose of this study was to show the convulsion-reducing effect of agomelatine, in both clinical and electrophysiological terms, in a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced experimental epilepsy model in rats. Methods: The anticonvulsant activity of agomelatine (25 and 50 mg/kg) was evaluated in rat models of PTZ (35 and 70 mg/kg) and compared with the control groups. Results: Agomelatine administration at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg resulted in a statistically significant decrease in convulsion scores and time to onset of myoclonic jerks compared to the control groups. In addition, comparison of the two doses employed showed that high-dose agomelatine (50 mg/kg) was significantly more effective than the lower dose. In addition to previous studies, we investigated the anticonvulsant effect of agomelatine using electroencephalogram (EEG). Administration of agomelatine at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg in PTZ-induced seizures caused a significant decrease in the percentage of peak at EEG. Discussion: Our results suggest that agomelatine has anticonvulsant activity shown in PTZ-induced seizure model. The results also give some evidences that agomelatine can use on epileptic seizures, but more studies are needed

The comparison of physical activity status, exercise perception and quality of life between clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis patients

WOS: 000320972700004Remisyon dönemindeki yeni tanı almış klinik izole sendrom (KİS) ve multipl skleroz (MS) hastalarında fiziksel aktivite düzeyi, egzersiz algısı, yaşam kalitesi ve yorgunluk düzeyini saptamak ve karşılaştırmaktır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 12 KİS ve 9 MS hastasının demografik ve klinik özellikleri kaydedildi. Yetiyitimi (EDSS), ağrı (Görsel Analog Skala-GAS), yürüme kısıtlılıkları (MS Yürüme Skalası-MSYS-12), yorgunluk (Yorgunluk Etki Skalası-YES), yaşam kalitesi (MS International Quality of Life-MUSIQOL), semptomların/ kısıtlılıkların sonuçları (MS Impact Scale-MSIS-29), egzersiz algısı (Egzersizin Yararları/Engelleri Ölçeği-EYEÖ) ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyi (Fiziksel Aktivite ve Disabilite Anketi-FADA ve tek soruyla) değerlendirildi. Bulgular: KİS ve MS hastalarının EDSS ve GAS puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (sırasıyla, p=0,503, p=0,066). Her iki grubun MSYS-12 (p=0,405), MSIS-29 (p=0,226), MUSIQOL (p=0,117), YES-tot (p=0,302), YES-kog (p=0,801), YES-fzk (p=0,298) ve YES-sos (p=0,163), FADA (p=0.085) ortalamaları arasındaki fark anlamlı değildi. Ayrıca, tüm katılımcılar, tanıdan sonra aktivite düzeylerini azalttıklarını ve aktivite korkusu geliştirdiklerini rapor ettiler. EYEÖ-total, EYEÖ-Yarar ve EYEÖ-Engel puanlarına göre her iki grubun ortalamaları arasındaki fark anlamlı değildi (sırasıyla, p=0,374, p=0,569, p=0,255). Ayrıca, MUSIQOL ile YES-total (p=0,039); MUSIQOL ile MSIS-29 arasında (p<0,001) ve MSYS-12 ile MSIS-29 arasında (p=0,010) istatistiksel olarak olumlu ve anlamlı korelasyon saptandı. Sonuç: Yeni tanı alan ve remisyon dönemindeki KİS ve MS hastalarının erken dönemde aktivite düzeylerini ve egzersiz katılımlarını benzer düzeyde azalttıkları ve aktivite korkusu geliştirdikleri, yaşam kalitesi ve yorgunluğun da olumsuz yönde etkilendiği bulundu. Bu sonuçların, hastalığın sanılandan da erken döneminde ortaya çıkan fiziksel aktivite düzeyindeki hızlı değişikliklerin ve olumsuz etkilerin azaltılmasında yeni stratejiler oluşturması için rehabilitasyon ekibine yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir.Background: To determine and to compare the activity status, quality of life, exercise perception and fatigue in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and multiple sclerosis (MS), both in remission. Method: Demographic and medical statuses of 12 CIS and 9 MS patients, who were included in the study, were recorded. Disability [The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)], pain [Visual Analog Scale (VAS)], walking difficulties [The 12-Item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS-12)] fatigue [The Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS)], quality of life [The MS International Quality of Life questionnaire (MUSIQoL)], results of symptoms/limitations [The MS Impact Scale (MSIS-29)], exercise participation [The Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale (EBBS)] and physical activity status [The Physical Activity and Disability Survey (PADS), - with one question)] were evaluated. Results: There was no any significant differences between MS and CIS patients according to EDSS and VAS scores (p=0.503, p=0.066, respectively). The differences in mean scores of MSWS-12(p=0.405), MSIS-29(p=0.226), MUSIQoL(p=0.117), FIS-tot(p=0.302),FIS-cog (p=0.801),FIS-phy (p=0.298),FIS-soc (p=0.163) and PADS (p=0.085) between the groups were not statistically significant Additionally, all subjects reported activity avoidance and lower activity status after the diagnoses. The differences in mean scores of EBBS-total, EBBS-benefit and the EBBS-barrier between the groups were not statistically significant (p=0.374, p=0.569, p=0.255, respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between the MUSIQoL and FIS-total (p=0.039); MUSIQoL and MSIS-29 (p=0.001); MSWS-12 and MSIS-29 (p=0.010). Conclusion: It was found that the patients with newly diagnosed CIS and MS,both in remission have diminished their activity status and exercise participation in the same way. Besides, they developed activity avoidance with negatively influenced quality of life and fatigue. The possible and rapid alterations in physical activity level in these patients may be useful for rehabilitation teams to develop new strategies for reducing these negative effects

Memantin’ in sepsis indükte kritik hastalık polinöropatisindeki terapötik etkilerinin incelenmesi

İstanbul Bilim Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi.Objectives: The purpose of our study is to investigate the effects of the different dosage of memantine for the treatment of Critical Illness Polyneuropathy (CIP) in rats that have surgically induced sepsis, by using electromyography (EMG) signs, such as amplitude and duration of compound muscle action potentials (CMAP), distal latency, and by using levels of plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and lipid peroxides (malondialdehyde, (MDA)).Çalışmamızın amacı, sıçanlarda cerrahi olarak geliştirilen sepsis indükte kritik hastalık polinöropatisindeki memantinin farklı dozdaki etkilerini, elektromiyografi (EMG) bulgularından birleşik kas aksiyon potansiyelleri (BKAP), distal latans gibi EMG bulguları ve plazma tümör nekrotizan faktör –α (TNF-α) ve malonedialdehit (MDA, plazma lipit peroksidaz göstergesi) seviyeleri eşliğinde incelemektir

Evaluation of the Relationship between Silent Cerebral Lesions and Triglyceride/HDL-Cholesterol in Patients with First Stroke Attack

im: Triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio is defined as theserum atherogenicity index. High TG/HDL-C ratio is related with vascular diseases, insulinresistance and metabolic syndrome. The TG/HDL-C ratio in cerebrovascular diseases,especially in silent cerebral lesions hasn’t been well studied. The aim of this study was toevaluate the frequency of silent cerebral ischemia (SCI) and leukoaraiosis (LA), and itsrelationship with TG/HDL-C ratio in patients admitted with the first ischemic stroke attack.Material and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 200 patients who admitted to BulentEcevit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology with the diagnosis of acutefirst ischemic stroke. Silent cerebral lesions were defined as LA and SCI with magneticresonance imaging. TG/HDL-C ratio was calculated by dividing TG levels by HDL-C levels.Results: Silent cerebral lesions were detected 124 (83.2%) of 149 patients. LA severity wasevaluated according to Fazekas score, 22 (14.8%) of patients were grade 0, 49 (32.9%) of themwere grade 1, and 78 (52.3%) of them were advanced periventricular white matterhyperintensity (adv-PWMH) group. TG/HDL-C ratio in SCI group was higher than the groupwithout SCI, but it wasn’t statistically significant (p=0.091). A significant increase wasobserved in the TG/HDL-C ratio, as LA severity increased. TG/HDL-C ratio was significantlyhigher in adv-PWMH group (p=0.050).Conclusion: High serum atherogenicity index is associated with atherosclerosis and vascularendothelial dysfunction. With this simple, inexpensive and effective test method, high-riskgroup of LA and SCI could be identified

Evaluation of the Relationship between Silent Cerebral Lesions and Triglyceride/HDL-Cholesterol in Patients with First Stroke Attack

im: Triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio is defined as theserum atherogenicity index. High TG/HDL-C ratio is related with vascular diseases, insulinresistance and metabolic syndrome. The TG/HDL-C ratio in cerebrovascular diseases,especially in silent cerebral lesions hasn’t been well studied. The aim of this study was toevaluate the frequency of silent cerebral ischemia (SCI) and leukoaraiosis (LA), and itsrelationship with TG/HDL-C ratio in patients admitted with the first ischemic stroke attack.Material and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 200 patients who admitted to BulentEcevit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology with the diagnosis of acutefirst ischemic stroke. Silent cerebral lesions were defined as LA and SCI with magneticresonance imaging. TG/HDL-C ratio was calculated by dividing TG levels by HDL-C levels.Results: Silent cerebral lesions were detected 124 (83.2%) of 149 patients. LA severity wasevaluated according to Fazekas score, 22 (14.8%) of patients were grade 0, 49 (32.9%) of themwere grade 1, and 78 (52.3%) of them were advanced periventricular white matterhyperintensity (adv-PWMH) group. TG/HDL-C ratio in SCI group was higher than the groupwithout SCI, but it wasn’t statistically significant (p=0.091). A significant increase wasobserved in the TG/HDL-C ratio, as LA severity increased. TG/HDL-C ratio was significantlyhigher in adv-PWMH group (p=0.050).Conclusion: High serum atherogenicity index is associated with atherosclerosis and vascularendothelial dysfunction. With this simple, inexpensive and effective test method, high-riskgroup of LA and SCI could be identified

Vaccination in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis – Part II

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It is a chronic disease, and in the evaluation of all other health and vital processes, decisions about vaccination should be made considering the disease process and the medications used by the patient. Since vaccination can be performed at any stage of life, immune system activity should be reviewed in patients with MS except where it is characteristic of the vaccine. In this review, the applications of different vaccines in patients with MS are discussed in two separate sections (part 1 was published in the previous issue). © 2023 by the Turkish Neurological Society

Vaccination in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis – Part II Multipl Skleroz Tanılı Bireylerde Aşılama – Bölüm II

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It is a chronic disease, and in the evaluation of all other health and vital processes, decisions about vaccination should be made considering the disease process and the medications used by the patient. Since vaccination can be performed at any stage of life, immune system activity should be reviewed in patients with MS except where it is characteristic of the vaccine. In this review, the applications of different vaccines in patients with MS are discussed in two separate sections (part 1 was published in the previous issue)