11 research outputs found

    Redrawing borders, reshaping orders : Russia’s quest for dominance in the Black Sea region

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    Since Russia’s annexation of Crimea in March 2014, severe limitations have been placed on Ukraine’s coastal state rights and navigational freedoms in the Black and Azov Seas and the Kerch Strait. The "Kerch Strait clash" in November 2018, which resulted in the Russian capture of three Ukrainian naval vessels in international waters south of the strait, can be seen as the temporary culmination of tensions that have been building up over a longer period. In violation of international law and bilateral agreements, Russia has in recent years pursued an increasingly assertive and revisionist policy in the region and sought to turn the maritime spaces on the country’s southwestern flank into a "Russian lake". This policy is affecting not only the security and economy of neighbouring states such as Ukraine and Georgia, but also the strategic balance in the southeastern corner of Europe. Drawing on empirical evidence derived from Russian, Ukrainian and Western sources, as well as insights from neoclassical realist theory, this article discusses legal, economic and security aspects of Russia’s ongoing quest for a dominant position in the Black Sea region

    Review of The fast-changing Arctic: rethinking security for a warmer world, edited by Barry Scott Zellen

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    How will the changes currently taking place in the Arctic affect the future nature of interstate relations in the region? To what extent, and how, will the decline in summer and winter sea ice in the Polar Basin lead to changes in the pattern of human activity in the Arctic? How do the Arctic states approach the region and each other, and to what extent are their Arctic strategies compatible? Will the Arctic become an arena of jurisdictional disputes and heightened military tension, or will it become a region of cooperation and prosperity? These are among the core questions addressed in The fast-changing Arctic: rethinking security for a warmer world, edited by Barry Scott Zellen.(Published: 19 February 2014)Citation: Polar Research 2014, 33, 23951, http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/polar.v33.23951

    Overvåkingsprogram og kompetansehevingstiltak knyttet til vannkvalitet og fiskehelse i marine yngel- og settefiskanlegg (MarinVest)

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    Prosjektet «Overvåkingsprogram og kompetansehevingstiltak knyttet til vannkvalitet og fiskehelse i marine yngel- og settefiskanlegg (MarinVest)».har blitt utført i samarbeid med industrideltagerne Sterling White Halibut (SWH) med anleggene på Rørvik (Rørv) og Imsland (Imsl), Nordic Halibut (NH) med anleggene Norsk Kveite (NK) og Halibut (Hal), Atlantic Cod Farms (ACF) med anlegget Atlantic Cod Juveniles (ACJ), Marine Harvest Labrus (MHL), Fjord Gadus (FG), Sande Seafarm Productions (SSP) og Skretting, samt FoU-partnerne Norsk institutt for vannforskning og Universitetet i Bergen, Institutt for biologi ved avdeling for marin mikrobiologi. Vestlandsprogrammet for nye oppdrettsarter, Vestlandsrådet har finansiert prosjektet sammen med egeninnsats fra de deltagende bedriftene og økonomisk støtte fra NIVA. Hovedmålet for prosjektet har vært å øke forutsigbarheten og optimalisere driften av marine yngel- og settefiskanlegg gjennom å gi oppdretterne verktøy til å etablere et godt vannmiljø. Prosjektarbeidet har vært delt inn i fire deler: 1) Et overvåkingsprogram av inntaksvann, etter vannbehandling og i de ulike stadiene av produksjonen (klekkeri, plommesekkstadiet, startfòring (levendefôr), startfòring (tørrfôr) og settefisk). 2) Kurs i prøvetaking og vannanalyse. 3) Individuelle vurderinger av anleggenes drift basert på overvåkingsprogrammet og anonymiserte resultat. 4) Generelle retningslinjer for sikker drift med bakgrunn i overnevnte, utformet som en håndbok i marin yngelproduksjon

    Military Muscle-Flexing as Interstate Communication : Russian NOTAM Warnings off the Coast of Norway, 2015–2021

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    When, where, and why does Russia issue warnings about missile launches and other potentially dangerous military activities in international waters and airspace west and north of Norway? Drawing on information derived from a series of Russian “Notices to Airmen” (NOTAMs), this article examines the pattern of Russia’s live-fire air and naval exercises in and over the Norwegian and Barents Seas between January 2015 and December 2021. It discusses factors that may explain the extent and nature of Russia’s military muscle-flexing in the region. The study suggests that a number of the Russian exercises and missile launches, particularly in areas adjacent to Norway’s west coast, were primarily meant to obstruct Norwegian/NATO exercises such as the Trident Juncture exercise of 2018. On a number of occasions, Russia’s NOTAM warnings appear to have been tailored for the purpose of intimidating Norway and its allies and communicating Russia’s displeasure with the occasional presence of United States and other NATO forces on or outside Norway’s territory

    Monitoring and training program related to water quality and fish health in marine juvenile facilities

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    Prosjektet «Overvåkingsprogram og kompetansehevingstiltak knyttet til vannkvalitet og fiskehelse i marine yngel- og settefiskanlegg (MarinVest)».har blitt utført i samarbeid med industrideltagerne Sterling White Halibut (SWH) med anleggene på Rørvik (Rørv) og Imsland (Imsl), Nordic Halibut (NH) med anleggene Norsk Kveite (NK) og Halibut (Hal), Atlantic Cod Farms (ACF) med anlegget Atlantic Cod Juveniles (ACJ), Marine Harvest Labrus (MHL), Fjord Gadus (FG), Sande Seafarm Productions (SSP) og Skretting, samt FoU-partnerne Norsk institutt for vannforskning og Universitetet i Bergen, Institutt for biologi ved avdeling for marin mikrobiologi. Vestlandsprogrammet for nye oppdrettsarter, Vestlandsrådet har finansiert prosjektet sammen med egeninnsats fra de deltagende bedriftene og økonomisk støtte fra NIVA. Hovedmålet for prosjektet har vært å øke forutsigbarheten og optimalisere driften av marine yngel- og settefiskanlegg gjennom å gi oppdretterne verktøy til å etablere et godt vannmiljø. Prosjektarbeidet har vært delt inn i fire deler: 1) Et overvåkingsprogram av inntaksvann, etter vannbehandling og i de ulike stadiene av produksjonen (klekkeri, plommesekkstadiet, startfòring (levendefôr), startfòring (tørrfôr) og settefisk). 2) Kurs i prøvetaking og vannanalyse. 3) Individuelle vurderinger av anleggenes drift basert på overvåkingsprogrammet og anonymiserte resultat. 4) Generelle retningslinjer for sikker drift med bakgrunn i overnevnte, utformet som en håndbok i marin yngelproduksjon.Fluctuating and unstable production of fry is a well-known problem for many marine fry producers. This limits the development of new marine species and strikes individual farmers hard. Suboptimal operation, fish diseases and poor growth can have serious consequences both in the juvenile stage and in the subsequent grow-out phase. There is generally little scientific literature on production of marine fry although some species has been farmed for a long time. It is important to obtain this kind of experience and knowledge through systematic mapping and sound scientific research. Such documentation and experience must be transferred to the farmers in order to strengthen the development and commercialization of marine species. In this way it is possible to improve decision-making and raise the competence of the individual farmer. Adverse water quality is mentioned frequently as a limiting factor and a source of suboptimal operation.Vestlandsrådet, Vestlandsprogrammet for nye oppdrettsarte
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