Diversity among traditional minority red grape varieties according to their aromatic profile

Free and glycosidically-bound aromatic characterization of 21 minority red grapevine varieties was carried out, along three consecutive vintages, using solid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry methodology (SPME-GC-MS). The two main study aims were to evaluate the possibility of aromatically differentiated varieties based on their origin and to test the aromatic profile for being used as a chemotaxonomic tool. Based on the results obtained in this research, it would be also interesting to verify in future studies if this varietal diversity could translate into a diversification of quality products in the current globalized wine market. A volatile profile was established grouping aroma compounds into thirteen families: acids, alcohols, esters, C6 compounds, thiols, ketones, aldehydes, phenols, terpenes, C13-norisoprenoids, lactones, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and sesquiterpenes. Significant differences were found among varieties for esters, phenols, terpenes, and total compounds in the free fraction and for alcohols, acids, C6 compounds, C13-norisoprenoids, terpenes, sesquiterpenes, and total compounds in the glycosidically-bound fraction. Subtle differentiation between different groups of varieties with common genetic origin was achieved by free aromatic profile (PCA) component analysis. Nevertheless, more in-depth studies are considered necessary to confirm the usefulness of the aromatic profile as a chemotaxonomic tool.Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) – Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España | Ref. BES-2017-082396European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) | Ref. 12/32/408/280318/1

Diffusion Maps for dimensionality reduction and visualization of meteorological data

This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Neurocomputing. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Neurocomputing, VOL 163, (2015) DOI 10.1016/j.neucom.2014.08.090The growing interest in big data problems implies the need for unsupervised methods for data visualization and dimensionality reduction. Diffusion Maps (DM) is a recent technique that can capture the lower dimensional geometric structure underlying the sample patterns in a way which can be made to be independent of the sampling distribution. Moreover, DM allows us to define an embedding whose Euclidean metric relates to the sample's intrinsic one which, in turn, enables a principled application of k-means clustering. In this work we give a self-contained review of DM and discuss two methods to compute the DM embedding coordinates to new out-of-sample data. Then, we will apply them on two meteorological data problems that involve time and spatial compression of numerical weather forecasts and show how DM is capable to, first, greatly reduce the initial dimension while still capturing relevant information in the original data and, also, how the sample-derived DM embedding coordinates can be extended to new patterns.The authors acknowledge partial support from Spain's grant TIN2010-21575-C02-01 and the UAM{ADIC Chair for Machine Learning. The first author is also supported by an FPI{UAM grant and kindly thanks the Applied Mathematics Department of Yale University for receiving her during her visits

In-the-field authentication of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv: Albariño using chlorotype discrimination and a single SNP interrogation by LAMP

Authentication of grapevine cultivars, Vitis vinifera L., is difficult, especially when analytical specimens lack diagnostic ampelographic characters, which prevents the verification of traceability systems aimed at guaranteeing varietal integrity. This issue is problematic when viticultural strategies and regulations associated with high-value wine-producing geographical areas rely on extensive control and monitoring of valuable cultivars. Varietal identification based on grapevine molecular markers is a standardized methodology that requires a specialised laboratory for its application. In contrast, the use of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) allows DNA markers to be characterized quickly and easily, without the need for skilled personnel, allowing implementation in-situ or in-the-field. Simultaneous identification of the chlorotype and the interrogation of a single SNP using a portable device have allowed the first discrimination in-the-field of grafted grapevines, without appreciable ampelographic characters, as belonging to the valuable “Albariño” cultivar. This methodology constitutes a valuable tool for cultivar discrimination and can be efficiently implemented in the traceability of valuable grapevine genetic resources.Xunta de GaliciaMinisterio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio AmbienteAgencia Estatal de InvestigaciónMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónFEADER | Ref. 12/32/408/310322/11FEDE

Testing the Functional Profiles of School Refusal Behavior and Clarifying Their Relationship With School Anxiety

Students with school attendance problems are a diverse and heterogeneous group whose patterns of symptomatology can change over time. This study aims to identify different school refusal behavior profiles and to determine whether these profiles differ from each other based on four situational factors and three response systems of school anxiety across gender. The participants were 1,685 Spanish students (49% female) aged 15–18 years (M = 16.28; SD =0.97). The School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised (SRAS-R) and the School Anxiety Inventory (SAI) were administered. Latent profile analysis revealed five school refusal behavior profiles: Non-School Refusal Behavior, Mixed School Refusal Behavior, School Refusal Behavior by Positive Reinforcement, Low School Refusal Behavior, and High School Refusal Behavior. The results indicated that High School Refusal Behavior and Mixed School Refusal Behavior groups were the most maladaptive profiles since it obtained the highest mean scores on school anxiety. In contrast, Non-School Refusal and School Refusal Behavior by Positive Reinforcement groups revealed the lowest scores in school anxiety. Non-significant gender-based differences were found, only girls were more represented in the mixed school refusal behavior profile in comparison with boys but with a small effect size. Findings are discussed in relation to the importance of promoting good mental health to prevent school attendance problems in adolescents and younger ages.This research was funded by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and Fondos FEDER with the grant number RTI2018-098197-B-I00 awarded to JG-F and the project GV/2019/075 awarded to CG

Relationship between suicidal thinking, anxiety, depression and stress in university students who are victims of cyberbullying

The objective of this study is to analyze the predictive capacity of cybervictimization with regards to suicidal thinking and anxiety, depression and stress in university students. The European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 and the Suicidality Scale were administered to a sample of 1282 university students (594 men and 688 women) aged between 18 and 46 (M = 21.65; SD = 4.25). The results suggest that being a cybervictim increases the probability of suicidal thinking and presenting high levels of anxiety, depression and stress. This study highlights the high prevalence rates of cyberbullying in the university environment and how this issue is associated with emotional problems and suicidal thinking. The identification of these relationships may allow for the development of effective preventive intervention measures to respond to this problem

The Sustainability of Public Social Services: A Qualitative Study

[EN] The 2008 global economic crisis heightened social inequality and drastically reduced equal opportunities for many people. It had negative consequences for social regulation in many European countries, which have dismantled their public social policies. The objective of the study was to describe social workers’ perceptions of their lived experiences in di erent areas of the public social services system. A qualitative study was developed, based on a hermeneutic approach. Six in-depth interviews and two focus groups were conducted with 20 social workers employed by community social services and the Andalusian public health service (Spain). The professionals agreed that the public social services system has been eroded, that the lack of resources has consequences for workers and the general public alike, and that the public authorities and the administration are responsible for this situation. Social services have become distributors of scarce resources rather than a social protection system that empowers and accompanies the most vulnerable. The system must provide the necessary resources and structures so that they can escape the situation of poverty, exclusion and social injustice.S

Diffusion maps and local models for wind power prediction

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33266-1_70Proceedings of 22nd International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, Lausanne, Switzerland, September 11-14, 2012In this work we will apply Diffusion Maps (DM), a recent technique for dimensionality reduction and clustering, to build local models for wind energy forecasting. We will compare ridge regression models for K–means clusters obtained over DM features, against the models obtained for clusters constructed over the original meteorological data or principal components, and also against a global model. We will see that a combination of the DM model for the low wind power region and the global model elsewhere outperforms other options.With partial support from grant TIN2010-21575-C02-01 of Spain’s Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and the UAM–ADIC Chair for Machine Learning in Modelling and Prediction. The first author is also supported by an FPI-UAM grant and kindly thanks the Applied Mathematics Department of Yale University for receiving her during a visit. The second author is supported by the FPU-MEC grant AP2008-00167. We also thank Red Eléctrica de España, Spain’s TSO, for providing historic wind energy dat

Affective Profiles and Anxiety or Non-Anxiety-Related Reasons for School Refusal Behavior: Latent Profile Analysis in Spanish Adolescents

Little has been studied on the relationship between affect and school problems related with attendance. This study aims to identify different affective profiles and to determine whether these profiles differ from each other based on the four functional conditions of school refusal behavior. Participants comprised 1,816 Spanish adolescents aged 15–18 years (M = 16.39; SD = 1.05). The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children-Short Form and the School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised for Children (SRAS-R-C) were administered. Latent profile analysis revealed five affective profiles: low affective profile, self-fulfilling profile, low positive affect profile, self-destructive profile, and high affective profile. The self-destructive profile revealed the highest average scores in the first three factors of the SRAS-R-C, whereas the high affective profile reached the highest average score in the fourth factor. On the contrary, the self-fulfilling profile obtained the lowest average scores in the first two factors of the SRAS-R-C, whereas the low affective profile revealed the lowest average scores in the last two factors. Findings suggest the relevance of developing more adaptative affective profiles, such as the self-fulfilling profile, which would contribute to diminishing school attendance problems.This research was funded by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and Fondos FEDER with grant number RTI2018-098197-B-I00 awarded to José M. García-Fernández and Project GV/2019/075 awarded to CG

Bibliometric review in Asperger Syndrome: impact in the field of psychology and education

La productividad científica en Síndrome de Asperger (SA) se ha incrementado considerablemente en los últimos años desde distintos campos de la Educación y la Psicología. Incluido dentro de los Trastornos del Espectro del Autismo según el DSM-5, el SA se caracteriza por una alteración en las capacidades de relación social, comunicación y flexibilidad mental. Es objeto del presente estudio ofrecer una revisión del estado actual de la investigación en dicho ámbito e identificar las principales aportaciones científicas. La unidad de análisis se compuso por 1741 documentos extraídos de la Social Science Citation Index y revisados minuciosamente. Los resultados evidenciaron un incremento de la productividad temporal y el interés científico en las áreas de caracterización del SA, comorbilidad y tratamiento. Además, se observó una tendencia a realizar los trabajos en colaboración y un número considerable de autores clasificados como grandes productores por sus niveles de productividad superiores a los diez trabajos. La funcionalidad de esta revisión se encuentra en su valor como material de referencia para futuras líneas de investigación en tanto que abarca la identificación y análisis de los principales campos de estudio en este ámbito.The scientific productivity about Asperger Syndrome has increased dramatically in recent years from various fields of Education and Psychology. Included within the Autism Spectrum Disorder according to the DSM-5, SA is characterized by alterations in social interaction skills, communication, and mental flexibility. The aim of this study is to provide a review of the current state of research in this area and identify major scientific contributions. The unit of analysis was composed of 1741 documents taken from the Social Science Citation Index and thoroughly reviewed. The results showed an increase in temporary productivity and scientific interest in the areas of characterization of Asperger Syndrome, comorbidity and treatment. In addition, a tendency was observed to perform the investigations in collaboration and a considerable number of authors classified as big producers due to their high levels of productivity with more than ten articles. The functionality of this review is its value as a reference for future researches as long as cover the identification and analysis of the main research topics in this field

Screening of Galician grapevine varieties by SNPs, phenotypic traits, and phytopathology

The genetic erosion of the European grapevine diversity in the last century has promoted the conservation of varieties in germplasm banks to prevent their disappearance. The study of these varieties is necessary as it would allow the diversification of the wine market, as well as provide a source of genes to face new pathogens or climate constraints. In this work, the grapevine varieties preserved in the “Estación de Viticultura e Enoloxía de Galicia” (EVEGA) Germplasm Bank (Ourense, Spain) were widely characterized, combining ampelography, ampelometry, agronomy, and phytopathology. Moreover, genetic characterization was carried out through the analysis of 48 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A Bayesian analysis based on the SNP data was carried out to define the genetic structure of the EVEGA Germplasm Bank, which allowed the differentiation of two main reconstructed panmictic populations (RPPs), confirming previous results obtained based on microsatellite markers (SSRs). A great diversity between varieties was found for almost every parameter evaluated for ampelography, ampelometry, phytopatology, phenology, and berry quality. A principal component analysis (PCA) performed with these phenotypical data allowed discrimination among some groups of varieties included in different genetic populations. This study allowed us to evaluate the grapevine diversity maintained in the EVEGA Germplasm Bank and characterize varieties of potential value for breeding programs of interest for the Galician viticulture