Directional deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease: results of an international crossover study with randomized, double-blind primary endpoint

Objective: Published reports on directional deep brain stimulation (DBS) have been limited to small, single-center investigations. Therapeutic window (TW) is used to describe the range of stimulation amplitudes achieving symptom relief without side effects. This crossover study performed a randomized double-blind assessment of TW for directional and omnidirectional DBS in a large cohort of patients implanted with a DBS system in the subthalamic nucleus for Parkinson’s disease. Materials and Methods: Participants received omnidirectional stimulation for the first three months after initial study pro gramming, followed by directional DBS for the following three months. The primary endpoint was a double-blind, randomized evaluation of TW for directional vs omnidirectional stimulation at three months after initial study programming. Additional data recorded at three- and six-month follow-ups included stimulation preference, therapeutic current strength, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part III motor score, and quality of life. Results: The study enrolled 234 subjects (62 ± 8 years, 33% female). TW was wider using directional stimulation in 183 of 202 subjects (90.6%). The mean increase in TW with directional stimulation was 41% (2.98 ± 1.38 mA, compared to 2.11 ± 1.33 mA for omnidirectional). UPDRS part III motor score on medication improved 42.4% at three months (after three months of omnidi rectional stimulation) and 43.3% at six months (after three months of directional stimulation) with stimulation on, compared to stimulation off. After six months, 52.8% of subjects blinded to stimulation type (102/193) preferred the period with directional stimulation, and 25.9% (50/193) preferred the omnidirectional period. The directional period was preferred by 58.5% of clinicians (113/193) vs 21.2% (41/193) who preferred the omnidirectional period. Conclusion: Directional stimulation yielded a wider TW compared to omnidirectional stimulation and was preferred by blinded subjects and clinicians

Diferencias del autoconcepto físico en practicantes y no practicantes de actividad física en estudiantes universitarios

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivos identificar las diferenciasdel autoconcepto físico en practicantes regulares y no practicantesde actividad física en estudiantes universitarios. Participaron 208 estudiantesuniversitarios entre 18 y 31 años de los cuales el 49% realizan actividadfísica regular y el 51% no practican de forma regular o no realizan ningunaactividad física y se les aplicó el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Físico (CAF)de Moreno y Cervelló (2005). En todas las dimensiones del autoconceptofísico, así como en las escalas generales de autoconcepto físico y autoconceptogeneral, se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas alobtener p-valores debajo de α=.05, esto indica que las autopercepciones físicasy las autopercepciones generales están medidas por la actividad física,por lo que se sustenta la importancia que tiene la actividad física en losuniversitarios

Proyecto de emprendimiento para la venta de artesanía textil mexicana

En este trabajo se presenta un modelo de negocios para comercializar textiles artesanales mexicanos en el mercado europeo a través de una plataforma web de comercio electrónico. Para la creación de este proyecto, se realizó un análisis de la industria textil y de la comercialización de artesanías, un estudio de mercado, del mercado meta y de las tendencias. De igual forma, se muestra el plan estratégico de acción mediante el cual se pretende implementar y darle seguimiento al negocio

Primer reporte de cryptosporidium parvum en terneros holstein (bos taurus) de manizales, caldas, colombia

El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar especies o genotipos del parásito Cryptosporidium presentes en heces colectadas de terneros Holstein del municipio de Manizales, Departamento de Caldas, Colombia. El ADN fue extraído a 80 muestras de materia fecal, de las cuales 11 fueron diagnosticadas positivas para Cryptosporidium spp., por el método de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). El análisis PCR-RFLP del locus 18S ADNr, identificó la presencia de Cryptosporidium parvum en todas las muestras positivas analizadas. Este hallazgo sugiere que el ganado puede ser una fuente potencial de infección en humanos por Cryptosporidium, y se constituye en el primer reporte publicado de Cryptosporidium parvum en bovinos de Manizales, Caldas

Liquen aureus zosteriforme. Caso clínico pediátrico

Lichen aureus is a rare pigmented purpuric dermatosis. We present an unusual case because of the pediatric age and the great number of lesions with zosteriform distribution. He is a 10-yearold boy, with a brownish, smaller than 1 cm, sharp edges, lichenified surface, asymptomatic macule, over the inner aspect of the left leg with a zosteriform distribution. The histology showed a band-like inflammatory infiltrate in the superficial dermis, composed of lymphocytes, histiocytes, erythrocytes and haemosiderin. He was diagnosed with zosteriform lichen aureus and was treated with topical mometasone furoate during 3 weeks resulting in partial lightening of the macules. Lesions have remained 2 years later, and new ones have appeared in the ipsilateral ankle. We must consider differential diagnosis with other pigmented purpuric dermatitis and pigmented purpuric mycosis fungoides. There are many therapeutic options and it tends to disappear spontaneously, so new studies are necessary

Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: the multimodal approach of the spanish ICU pneumonia zero program.

Objectives: The “Pneumonia Zero” project is a nationwide multimodal intervention based on the simultaneous implementation of a comprehensive evidence-based bundle measures to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU. Design: Prospective, interventional, and multicenter study. Setting: A total of 181 ICUs throughout Spain. Patients: All patients admitted for more than 24 hours to the participating ICUs between April 1, 2011, and December 31, 2012. Intervention: Ten ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention measures were implemented (seven were mandatory and three highly recommended). The database of the National ICU-Acquired Infections Surveillance Study (Estudio Nacional de Vigilancia de Infecciones Nosocomiales [ENVIN]) was used for data collection. Ventilator-associated pneumonia rate was expressed as incidence density per 1,000 ventilator days. Ventilator-associated pneumonia rates from the incorporation of the ICUs to the project, every 3 months, were compared with data of the ENVIN registry (April–June 2010) as the baseline period. Ventilator-associated pneumonia rates were adjusted by characteristics of the hospital, including size, type (public or private), and teaching (postgraduate) or university-affiliated (undergraduate) status. Measurements and Main Results: The 181 participating ICUs accounted for 75% of all ICUs in Spain. In a total of 171,237 ICU admissions, an artificial airway was present on 505,802 days (50.0% of days of stay in the ICU). A total of 3,474 ventilator-associated pneumonia episodes were diagnosed in 3,186 patients. The adjusted ventilator-associated pneumonia incidence density rate decreased from 9.83 (95% CI, 8.42–11.48) per 1,000 ventilator days in the baseline period to 4.34 (95% CI, 3.22–5.84) after 19–21 months of participation. Conclusions: Implementation of the bundle measures included in the “Pneumonia Zero” project resulted in a significant reduction of more than 50% of the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in Spanish ICUs. This reduction was sustained 21 months after implementation

Transferencia suelo-planta de elementos potencialmente tóxicos en el sector SO de la provincia de Ciudad Real

Depto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEpu

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in children attending school in cartagena, colombia

Objective Determining nasal carriers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and associated risk factors for nasal colonisation in a school-aged population in the seaside city of Cartagena, Colombia. Methods A cross-sectional, analytical study was carried out on 100 healthy schoolchildren to determine MRSA nasal carriage and its association with risk factors. Bacteria were identified using conventional methods. Antibiotic sensitivity was determined by the Kirby Bauer method. Results A total of 36 isolates of S. aureus were identified in the school children. 25 % of the strains were oxacillin-resistant, 66.7 % oxacillin-sensitive and 8.3 % had intermediate susceptibility. 67 % of the MRSA strains isolated were sensitive to all antibiotics tested. One strain (MRSA-Ant4) showed resistance to antibiotics having different mechanisms of action. Conclusions This is the first study in Cartagena which determined the frequency of S. aureus and MRSA strains nasal carriers in a school population (33 % and 9 %, respectively). All S. aureus oxacillin-resistant strains were cephoxitin-resistant, thereby leading to the presence of the mecA gene being suspected. Having used beta-lactam antibiotics during the last three months increased the likelihood of being an MRSA nasal carrier by around five times (OR=4.72; 0.96-23.98 95 %CL; pObjetivo Determinar portadores nasales de Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina (SARM) y factores de riesgo asociados a esta colonización, en una población escolar de Cartagena de Indias.  Métodos Se realizó un estudio analítico  transversal en 100 niños escolares sanos, para la búsqueda de portadores nasales de cepas SARM y su asociación con factores de riesgo. Para la identificación bacteriana se utilizaron métodos convencionales. A todos los aislamientos se les determinó la sensibilidad a antibióticos por el método de Kirby-Bauer. Resultados De la población escolar, se identificaron 36 cepas de S. aureus; 25 %, oxacilino-resistentes; 66,7 %, oxacilino-sensibles y 8,3 %, con sensibilidad intermedia. El 67 % de cepas SARM aisladas fueron sensibles a todos los antibióticos probados. Una cepa (SARM-Ant4) presentó resistencia a tres antibióticos con mecanismos de acción diferentes. Conclusiones Este es el primer estudio realizado en Cartagena, que determinó las frecuencias de portadores nasales de S. aureus y cepas SARM en una población escolar, registrándose un 33 % y 9 %, respectivamente. Todas las cepas de S. aureus oxacilino-resistente, fueron también cefoxitino-resistente, lo que hace sospechar la presencia del gen mecA.  El uso de antibióticos betalactámicos en los últimos tres meses, incrementa aproximadamente cinco veces más el riesgo de ser portador nasal de cepas SARM (aOR=4,72 [IC95%=0,96-23,98]