Aceitabilidade das metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem entre discentes de odontologia

The study has two complementary objectives: to present the Active Teaching-Learning Methodologies (MAEA) applied, guided by constructivist-interactionist educational processes, in a odontology undergrad course of a federal university; and anylise the student acceptability and these methodologies. The research constitutes itself of an observational study with a transversal delimitation. MAEA has been experienced by 175 students who attended two mandatory theoretical disciplines, being 91 of the first (freshmen) and 84 of the last year(veterans). 161 students (92,4%) answered the questionnaire, evaluating the discipline content acceptability, presential and preparatory activities, the professor's didactic, the student/professor empathy and the student commitment. A high student acceptability to the andragogic activities was identified in the evaluated domains: theoretical content (92.4%), presential activities (82.0%) and preparatory activities (69.9%). It was concluded that there was excellent acceptability of the active methodologies by the students who participated of the research, being higher and less didactic-dependents among the veteran students. it was Legitimized the educational paradigm assumptions innovator/active and its introduction since the initial years of undergrad.El estudio tiene dos objetivos complementarios: presentar las Metodologías Activas de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje (MAEA) aplicadas, pautadas en procesos educacionales constructivistas-interaccionistas, en una carrera de grado en odontología de una universidad federal; y analizar la aceptabilidad discente a estas metodologías. La investigación se constituye de estudio observacional con delimitación trasversal. Vivenciaron las MAEA 175 estudiantes que cursaron dos asignaturas teóricas obligatorias, siendo 91 del primero (ingresantes) y 84 del último año (concluyentes). Contestaron al cuestionario 161 discentes (92,0%), evaluando aceptabilidad al contenido de la asignatura, las actividades presenciales y preparatorias, la didáctica del docente, la empatía discente/docente y el comprometimiento discente. Se identificó elevada aceptabilidad de los discentes a las actividades andragógicas en los dominios evaluados: contenido teórico (92,4%), actividades presenciales (82,0%) y actividades preparatorias (69,9%). Se concluye que hubo excelente aceptabilidad de las metodologías activas por los discentes estudiados, siendo mayor y menos didáctico-dependientes entre los estudiantes concluyentes. Legitimó los supuestos del paradigma educacional innovador/activo y su introducción desde los años iniciales de la graducación.O estudo tem dois objetivos complementares: apresentar as Metodologias Ativas de Ensino-Aprendizagem (MAEA) aplicadas, pautadas em processos educacionais construtivistas-interacionistas, em um curso de graduação em odontologia de uma universidade federal; e analisar a aceitabilidade discente a essas metodologias. A pesquisa se constitui de estudo observacional com delimitação transversal. Vivenciaram as MAEA 175 discentes que cursaram duas disciplinas teóricas obrigatórias, sendo 91 do primeiro (ingressantes) e 84 do último ano (concluintes). Responderam ao questionário 161 discentes (92,0%), avaliando aceitabilidade ao conteúdo da disciplina, as atividades presenciais e preparatórias, a didática do docente, a empatia discente/docente e o comprometimento discente. Identificou-se elevada aceitabilidade dos discentes às atividades andragógicas nos domínios avaliados: conteúdo teórico (92,4%), atividades presenciais (82,0%) e atividades preparatórias (69,9%). Conclui-se que houve excelente aceitabilidade das metodologias ativas pelos discentes estudados, sendo maior e menos didático-dependentes entre os estudantes concluintes. Legitimou os pressupostos do paradigma educacional inovador/ativo e sua introdução desde os anos iniciais da graduação

Oral health self-perception for transgender people: a controlled cross-sectional study

This article aims to verify the use of dental services, oral health self-perception, and the impacts of oral health on the daily lives of transgender people. A controlled cross-sectional study was conducted in which transvestites, transsexuals, and transgender people were compared to cisgender people. For data collection, the oral health self-perception questionnaire was applied to 90 people, from which 45 were cisgender and 45 were transgender. There were no differences regarding access to dental services. The data analysis revealed that transgender people perceive their teeth to cause nervousness (p=0.002) and shame (p=0.033), respectively 3.8 and 5.0 times higher than that observed for cisgender people. Although differences in access were not observed, there was a difference in the perception of the need for treatment and the impacts of oral health. Therefore, it is important to consider that comprehensive care for the transgender population should go beyond the treatment of oral diseases and include aesthetic expectations as well

Odontogenic Keratocyst: A Case Report Emphasizing on Root Canal Treatment after Surgical Intervention

This article presents a case of odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) located in the mandible, involving teeth 36 to 45, with significant loss of alveolar bone and aseptic pulp necrosis, emphasizing on root canal treatment after surgical intervention. Orthopantomogram and computed tomography examinations revealed an extensive, well-defined, and multilocular radiolucent lesion. Histopathological examination after incisional biopsy confirmed OKC, which was removed completely with enucleation and curettage, followed by the endodontic treatments of teeth 36 to 45 using reciprocating nickel-titanium files (Reciproc) in a single session. Afterwards, teeth 33 to 36 underwent apical surgery to create an appropriate bone development. Panoramic radiographic images showed bone formation and no sign of recurrence after one-year follow-up. In conclusion, this surgical approach, combined with the endodontic treatments of the teeth involved in the lesion, was effective for the management of OKC, promoting injury regression and preservation of the natural teeth.Keywords: Dental Pulp Necrosis; Enucleation; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Keratocyst; Root Canal Therap

Suicide ideation and psychotropic recreational drug use by adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Adolescence is characterized by complex and dynamic changes, often involving experimentation, including the use of psychotropic substances. Although it is well-established that recreational psychotropic drugs are associated with suicide ideation in adults, evidence of this association in adolescents remains limited. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between suicide ideation and psychotropic recreational drug use among adolescents. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review with meta-analysis developed at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) and Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil. METHODS: A search across eight electronic databases for observational studies, without language or publication year restrictions, was conducted. The Joanna Briggs Institute tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Random-effects meta-analyses and odds ratios were used to measure the effects. RESULTS: The search yielded 19,732 studies, of which 78 were included in the qualitative synthesis and 32 in the meta-analysis. The findings indicated that suicidal ideation was 1.96 times more likely (95% confidence interval, CI = 1.47; 2.61) for adolescents who used some drug recurrently and 3.32 times more likely (95%CI = 1.86; 5.93) among those who abused drugs. Additionally, adolescents who used cannabis were 1.57 times more likely (95%CI = 1.34; 1.84) to experience suicide ideation compared with non-users, while cocaine users had 2.57 times higher odds (95%CI = 1.47; 4.50). CONCLUSIONS: Psychotropic recreational drug use is associated with suicidal ideation among adolescents regardless of current or previous use, abuse, or type of substance used. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: Registered in the PROSPERO database under the identification number CRD42021232360. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021232360

Ampliação do acesso e mudança de modelo: experiência a partir do Programa Mais Médicos

Em resposta às demandas da população e de prefeitos municipais por ampliação do acesso à atenção médica, o Governo Federal lançou no ano de 2013 o Programa Mais Médicos. Entre outros objetivos estruturantes, esse programa promoveu a provisão emergencial de médicos. Este artigo, ao apresentar a experiência de um município com o atendimento dessa demanda emergente de médicos, discute a sustentabilidade da expansão da cobertura de Atenção Básica e o provimento de médicos para esses serviços; as potencialidades do programa para induzir a mudança no modelo de atenção em saúde; e os fatores habitualmente ligados à atração e à fixação de profissionais de saúde

Practice-based analysis of direct posterior dental restorations performed in a public health service: Retrospective long-term survival in Brazil.

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the survival and associated factors for the longevity of direct posterior restorations and to verify whether the geographic location of public health units could influence the long-term survival of such restorations. Data were extracted from electronic patient files of the Brazilian public oral health services. The sample comprised 2,405 class I and II restorations performed 4 to 24 years ago (mean, 8.9 years) in 351 patients (6.8 teeth/patient) across 12 public health units located in different city regions (42 professionals-55 restorations). The restoration was considered successful if it had not been repaired or replaced at the time of evaluation; failure was defined as replacement of the restoration, the need for endodontic treatment, tooth/restoration fracture or tooth extraction. Data were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier test for restoration survival and Cox regression to evaluate the factors associated with failure. The majority of the restorations involved the use of amalgam (85%), involved a single face (70%), and were without pulp/dentin capping (85%). The overall survival rate was 95%, and the mean observation time was 8.9 years. The restoration survival was 79% (95% CI: 60.6-89.5) over 24 years, and the mean survival time was 22.2 years (95% CI: 21.9-22.6 years). The annual failure rate up to 24 years was 0.9%. After the adjustment, only the number of restored faces and the geographic location where the restoration was performed remained associated with failure of the restoration. The direct posterior restorations performed at the evaluated public health service units presented high survival rates. The restorations of people with lower access to POHS had lower survival rates. Class I restorations presented higher survival rates than class II restorations with two or more faces, regardless of the restorative material used