Water footprint of protein yield of field crop species based on evapotranspiration patterns

Water availability is one of the major physiological factors influencing plant growth and development.  An assessment study has been done at the Szent István University, Gödöllő to evaluate and identify the water footprint of protein yield of field crop species. Six field crop species (sugar beet Beta vulgaris, winter barley Hordeum vulgare, winter wheat Triticum aestivum, maize Zea mays, potato Solanum tuberosum, and alfalfa Medicago sativa) were involved in the study. Evapotranspiration patterns of the crops studied have been identified and physiologically reliable protein ranges within crop yields were evaluated. The results obtained suggest, that water footprint of cereals proved to be the lowest, however maize values were highly affected by the high variability of protein yield. Alfalfa, potato and sugar beet water footprints were in accordance with their evapotranspiration patterns. &nbsp

Impact of nitrogen topdressing on the performance of wheat yield and grain protein

Yield samples of winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. varieties taken from the Nagygombos experimental site of the Szent István University in two different crop years have been evaluated. Impact of N topdressing on the performance of yield and protein was studied. In case of five high quality wheat varieties yield and protein values were examined. The results suggest that ascending doses of N topdressing, and split applications had a beneficial effect on the yield figures, the amount of protein content as well as the total protein yield of the wheat varieties examined

Quality and quantity of winter wheat varieties in 22 years’ time range

The Nagygombos experiments of the Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary have always been a testing area for various agronomic technologies as well as a research site for evaluating the performance of crop varieties. The present paper is intended to give an overview of 18 winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. varieties tested during the time range between 1996 and 2018. All of the varieties were studied under similar agronomic conditions, each of them for min 3 years in a series of a polyfactorial replicated field trial. The 120 kg/ha N plant nutrition applications of the respective crop years were processed in the evaluation. Amount of grain yield, protein %, wet gluten content and farinographic values of the varieties examined were compared. The results obtained suggest, that most of the varieties had a rather high variation concerning yield figures, however protein and farinographic indicators proved to be more stable characteristics. Wet gluten content was influenced mainly by the crop year. The study may support a conclusion that certain varieties have shown a higher stability in technological quality manifestation regardless to the amount of their grain yield. Alföld 90, Yubileynaya 50, Mv Magdaléna and Mv Toldi varieties proved to be the best quality varieties in this research series

Control of active B and L cathepsins in tissues of colorectal cancer using cystatins isolated from chicken egg proteins: in vitro studies

The activity of cysteine peptidases (cathepsins B and L) was estimated in homogenates of tissues sampled during surgery from 60 patients operated due to colorectal tumors. The results were compared to those obtained using tissues in which histopathology disclosed no tumorous cells, obtained from 20 patients of the same group, treated as a control. Activity of the enzymes was inhibited using cysteine peptidase inhibitors isolated from chicken egg proteins. Application of the inhibitors was found to inhibit activity of the enzymes which play a key role in tumor development. It is suggested that in future the inhibitors may provide a component of new generation drugs in the so-called inhibitor therapy. (Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 2011; Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 670–676

The role of temperature on the germination activity of leguminous crops exposed to saline conditions

Germination is an important starting point of plant life. Abiotic stresses during the germination stage in seeds can threaten the development process of a plant species. Abiotic factors such as temperature and salt concentration influence the germination process of various crop seeds, including leguminous species. The aim of this study is to determine the germination rate and seedling growth of leguminous cover crops under two different temperatures and four levels of salt stress. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), red clover (Trifolium pratense), and chickpea (Cicer arietinum) were studied in this in vitro trial. The study results showed that the increase in sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration suppressed the growth of the germinated seedlings. At the same time, the increase in temperature reduced the germination rate of red clover and chickpea at higher salt concentrations. The data also showed a significant relationship between salt concentration and temperature on shoot and radicle growth in all three leguminous species. These data may benefit farmers and growers trying to cultivate these crops in unfavorable conditions