Pembangunan Sistem Layanan Statistik Online Menggunakan Metode Waterfall pada Pelayanan Statistik Terpadu

Salah satu tanggung jawab Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) adalah pelayanan statistik kepada pengguna data. Layanan statistik dapat diperoleh pada setiap satuan kerja BPS Pusat maupun BPS daerah. Pelayanan statistik di daerah masih lebih banyak dilakukan secara offline, termasuk di BPS Kabupaten Kepahiang. Untuk itu, dalam penelitian ini kami memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dalam mendukung peningkatan pelayanan statistik. Sistem layanan statistik online berbasis Android yang kami kembangkan diharapkan dapat memberikan kemudahan kepada pengguna data dalam memperoleh layanan yang terdiri dari layanan publikasi, layanan indikator, dan layanan konsultasi. Pengembangan aplikasi ini menggunakan pendekatan metode waterfall.  Melalui aplikasi ini, pengguna data dapat berinteraksi dengan pelayanan statistik terpadu menggunakan perangkat mobile smartphone. Pengguna data akan memperoleh layanan statistik dengan lebih mudah dan lebih cepat. Pengujian terhadap aplikasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat performa sistem. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi dapat memenuhi kebutuhan sistem layanan statistik online di BPS Kabupaten Kepahiang

Comparison of musculoskeletal networks of the primate forelimb

Anatomical network analysis is a framework for quantitatively characterizing the topological organization of anatomical structures, thus providing a way to compare structural integration and modularity among species. Here we apply this approach to study the macroevolution of the forelimb in primates, a structure whose proportions and functions vary widely within this group. We analyzed musculoskeletal network models in 22 genera, including members of all major extant primate groups and three outgroup taxa, after an extensive literature survey and dissections. The modules of the proximal limb are largely similar among taxa, but those of the distal limb show substantial variation. Some network parameters are similar within phylogenetic groups (e.g., non-primates, strepsirrhines, New World monkeys, and hominoids). Reorganization of the modules in the hominoid hand compared to other primates may relate to functional changes such as coordination of individual digit movements, increased pronation/supination, and knuckle-walking. Surprisingly, humans are one of the few taxa we studied in which the thumb musculoskeletal structures do not form an independent anatomical module. This difference may be caused by the loss in humans of some intrinsic muscles associated with the digits or the acquisition of additional muscles that integrate the thumb more closely with surrounding structures

First anatomical network analysis of fore- and hindlimb musculoskeletal modularity in bonobos, common chimpanzees, and humans

Studies of morphological integration and modularity, and of anatomical complexity in human evolution typically focus on skeletal tissues. Here we provide the first network analysis of the musculoskeletal anatomy of both the fore- and hindlimbs of the two species of chimpanzee and humans. Contra long-accepted ideas, network analysis reveals that the hindlimb displays a pattern opposite to that of the forelimb: Pan big toe is typically seen as more independently mobile, but humans are actually the ones that have a separate module exclusively related to its movements. Different fore- vs hindlimb patterns are also seen for anatomical network complexity (i.e., complexity in the arrangement of bones and muscles). For instance, the human hindlimb is as complex as that of chimpanzees but the human forelimb is less complex than in Pan. Importantly, in contrast to the analysis of morphological integration using morphometric approaches, network analyses do not support the prediction that forelimb and hindlimb are more dissimilar in species with functionally divergent limbs such as bipedal humans

Surgery of Left Temporal Region Arachnoid Cyst with Neuroendoscopy: A Case Report

Introduction: Today, the development of minimally invasive neurosurgery technique, has become a choice of treatment for many neurosurgical disease.  Dr.Suyoto Hospital, Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Indonesia and Indonesian Airforce Hospital Dr. Esnawan Antariksa, Halim Perdanakusuma, Jakarta, Indonesia, has responsibility in public health services for military and civilian community. This paper has an objective to share experience in giving treatment with intracranial neuroendoscopy technique for patient with left temporal region arachnoid cyst. Case Report: Case Report 1 : Girl, 17 years old, with headache. There was no neurological deficit, and from brain CT Scan, there was a cystic lesion at the left temporal region. The diagnosis was arachnoid cyst. She performed neuroendoscopic cystotomy and insertion of Omaya reservoir. After surgery, she had no headache, and there were no post-operative complications. Histopatology finding was arachnoid cyst. From follow up of brain CT Scan, there was improvement. We used intracranial neuroendoscopy device from B-Braun Aesculap, Germany, 2015. Case Report 2 : Boy, 8 years old, with seizure and headache. There was no neurological deficit, and from brain CT Scan, there was a cystic lesion at the left temporal region. The diagnosis was arachnoid cyst. He performed neuroendoscopic cystotomy and insertion of Omaya reservoir. Dicussion: After surgery, he had no headache and also had no seizure, and there were no post-operative complications. Histopatology finding was arachnoid cyst. From follow up of brain CT Scan, there was improvement. We used intracranial neuroendoscopy device from B-Braun Aesculap, Germany, 2015. Conclusion: Intracranial neuroendoscopy technique can be applied for the treatment of many special and selective neurosurgical diseases, including arachnoid cyst. In this patient, intracranial neuroendoscopy had good result. We still need more many of cases for determine the success rate of this intracranial neuroendoscopy technique statisticall

Why are our toes so tiny? Walking, running and the evolution of a short forefoot in the genus Homo

Humans have an extremely short forefoot relative to total foot length. The derived pedal proportions of humans are thought to have evolved in the context of committed bipedalism, but the benefits of shorter toes for walking and/or running have not previously been tested. Short toes are typically associated with cursorial digitigrade mammals, where they improve the ability of the digital flexor apparatus – the muscles, tendons and ligaments that collectively flex and resist extension of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints – to support the body and generate propulsion at the end of stance. We tested the hypothesis that in humans a shorter forefoot similarly improves locomotor performance by decreasing the force, power and work outputs of the digital flexor apparatus (DFA) during late stance, especially in running, when only one foot provides support and propulsion against high ground reaction forces. Kinematic, force and plantar pressure data were collected from a sample representing normal variation in toe length (n=12). Hindlimb kinematics, DFA force, power and work outputs were compared during barefoot walking and running in subjects with short, average and long forefeet in relation to body mass. Results suggest that individuals with relatively longer forefeet experience higher MTP joint moments, and their DFA generates more force, power and work than subjects with shorter forefeet, at both walking and running speeds. Contrary to our prediction, however, the difference between groups in DFA performance is not greater at running speeds. Implications for the evolution of endurance running in the genus Homo are discussed.AnthropologyHuman Evolutionary Biolog

Why are our toes so tiny? Walking, running and the evolution of a short forefoot in the genus Homo

Humans have an extremely short forefoot relative to total foot length. The derived pedal proportions of humans are thought to have evolved in the context of committed bipedalism, but the benefits of shorter toes for walking and/or running have not previously been tested. Short toes are typically associated with cursorial digitigrade mammals, where they improve the ability of the digital flexor apparatus – the muscles, tendons and ligaments that collectively flex and resist extensions of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints – to support the body and generate propulsion at the end of stance. We tested the hypothesis that in humans a shorter forefoot similarly improves locomotor performance by decreasing the force, power and work outputs of the digital flexor apparatus (DFA) during late stance, especially in running, when only one foot provides support and propulsion against high ground reaction forces. Kinematic, force and plantar pressure data were collected from a sample representing normal variation in tow length (n=12). Hindlimb kinematics, DFA force, power and work outputs were compared during barefoot walking and running in subjects with short, average and long forefeet in relation to body mass. Results suggest that individuals with relatively longer forefeet experience higher MPT joint moments, and their DFA generates more force, power and work than subjects with shorter forefeet, at both walking and running speeds. Contrary to our prediction, however, the difference between groups in DFA performance is not greater at running speeds. Implications for the evolution of endurance running in the genus Homo are discussed.AnthropologyHuman Evolutionary Biolog

A Na\u3csup\u3e+\u3c/sup\u3e/K\u3csup\u3e+\u3c/sup\u3e ATPase Pump Regulates Chondrocyte Differentiation and Bone Length Variation in Mice

The genetic and developmental mechanisms involved in limb formation are relatively well documented, but how these mechanisms are modulated by changes in chondrocyte physiology to produce differences in limb bone length remains unclear. Here, we used high throughput RNA sequencing (RNAseq) to probe the developmental genetic basis of variation in limb bone length in Longshanks, a mouse model of experimental evolution. We find that increased tibia length in Longshanks is associated with altered expression of a few key endochondral ossification genes such as Npr3, Dlk1, Sox9, and Sfrp1, as well reduced expression of Fxyd2, a facultative subunit of the cell membrane-bound Na+/K+ ATPase pump (NKA). Next, using murine tibia and cell cultures, we show a dynamic role for NKA in chondrocyte differentiation and in bone length regulation. Specifically, we show that pharmacological inhibition of NKA disrupts chondrocyte differentiation, by upregulating expression of mesenchymal stem cell markers (Prrx1, Serpina3n), downregulation of chondrogenesis marker Sox9, and altered expression of extracellular matrix genes (e.g., collagens) associated with proliferative and hypertrophic chondrocytes. Together, Longshanks and in vitro data suggest a broader developmental and evolutionary role of NKA in regulating limb length diversity

The hand of Homo naledi

A nearly complete right hand of an adult hominin was recovered from the Rising Star cave system, South Africa. Based on associated hominin material, the bones of this hand are attributed to Homo naledi. This hand reveals a long, robust thumb and derived wrist morphology that is shared with Neandertals and modern humans, and considered adaptive for intensified manual manipulation. However, the finger bones are longer and more curved than in most australopiths, indicating frequent use of the hand during life for strong grasping during locomotor climbing and suspension. These markedly curved digits in combination with an otherwise human-like wrist and palm indicate a significant degree of climbing, despite the derived nature of many aspects of the hand and other regions of the postcranial skeleton in H. naledi