Accurate mass measurements of 26^{26}Ne, 26−30^{26-30}Na, 29−33^{29-33}Mg performed with the {\sc Mistral} spectrometer

The minuteness of the nuclear binding energy requires that mass measurements be highly precise and accurate. Here we report on new measurements $^{29-33}$Mg and $^{26}$Na performed with the {\sc Mistral} mass spectrometer at {\sc Cern}'s {\sc Isolde} facility. Since mass measurements are prone to systematic errors, considerable effort has been devoted to their evaluation and elimination in order to achieve accuracy and not only precision. We have therefore conducted a campaign of measurements for calibration and error evaluation. As a result, we now have a satisfactory description of the {\sc Mistral} calibration laws and error budget. We have applied our new understanding to previous measurements of $^{26}$Ne, $^{26-30}$Na and $^{29,32}$Mg for which re-evaluated values are reported.Comment: submitted to Nuclear Physics

Sterilization Assembly Development Laboratory. Personnel procedures for SADL operations - JPL procedure SADL 201.00

Personnel cleaning and clothing procedures for entry and operations in sterilization assembly development laborator

Sterilization Assembly Development Laboratory - Routine cleaning and decontamination of the SADL facility

Procedures for preparing cleaning and germicidal solutions and cleaning equipment for spacecraft sterilizatio

Protecting Digital Works: Copyright or Contract

Since at least 1586, proponents of copyright have pointed to the tremendous ease with which competitors can copy works of authorship as the central justification for copyright protection. Because such works can be easily copied, a competitor could, in the absence of copyright, copy a work, and thereby avoid a large part of the original author\u27s expense. This copying would allow competitors to undercut the original author\u27s price for the work, and would deprive the original author of a fair wage for the labor and creativity she invested in the work. Faced with the threat of such competition, many would-be authors might forego authorship altogether, leading to an underproduction of such works. At first glance, the advent of rapid, inexpensive, and widely dispersed digital duplication and transmission tools would seem to enhance the copying risks associated with such works, and to suggest a continuing, perhaps enhanced, need for copyright protection as the digital era matures. However, before embracing this first impression, consider that behind the relative 121 ease-of-copying justification for copyright lies a necessary, but often unspoken, assumption: A public law remedy, such as copyright, is necessary only because transaction costs render a private law solution, such as contracts, impracticable. Traditionally, this assumption was left unspoken because of the obvious difficulties involved in reaching a contractual understanding with everyone who purchased or otherwise obtained access to a mass-marketed work. With the Intemet and its likely successors, we cannot accept this assumption as readily. The Internet is not simply a faster, less expensive means of publishing information; it is interactive as well. As a consequence, the transaction costs associated with obtaining each purchaser\u27s consent to the terms of an agreement which would detail the permitted and prohibited uses of a work for the typical consumer (a use agreement ) are likely to fall substantially. By reducing such transaction costs, interactive digital communications will make such use agreements an increasingly practical and effective private law means for protecting works of authorship. As a result, rather than increase the need for copyright protection, as we first thought, the interactive nature of digital communication technologies may well reduce and eventually eliminate the need for copyright, at least as a means for protecting digitally distributed materials. This essay examines these issues, considering whether contract can and should replace copyright as the principal mechanism for protecting creativity found in digital works. Concluding that, despite a few potential stumbling blocks, interactive digital communications will make contracts increasingly available as an effective and desirable form of protection, the question becomes what role copyright should play in this digital future. As more works shift to an interactive distribution medium, private law mechanisms will gradually assume much of copyright\u27s traditional role of protecting the creativity found in works of authorship. If copyright continues to focus on providing a means of protecting such works, it will be increasingly marginalized, relegated to protecting those increasingly rare works distributed outside the Internet, or to serving as an inefficient set of default rules against which contracting can occur. While it may be some time yet before we reach such a point, if copyright is to maintain its relevance and importance in the interactive digital era, we should begin considering now how copyright fits into the new interactive distribution paradigm

Copyright\u27s Excess Revisited

As a starting point for this Essay, in Section I, I will present new data on the musical preferences of Spotify listeners that confirms and reinforces the core findings of Copyright’s Excess. In Section II, I will then move to address some of the concerns and questions that my colleagues have raised. In Section III, I will briefly conclude

Critical thinking and accuracy of nurses' diagnoses. Part II: application of cognitive skills and guidelines for self-development

Na Parte I deste artigo, o autor explicou as dificuldades em alcançar a acurácia dos diagnósticos de enfermagem, a relevância do pensamento crítico no alcance dessa acurácia e as mais novas perspectivas desse pensamento. Na Parte II, as dimensões do pensamento crítico identificadas como importantes para a prática de enfermagem são aplicadas em um estudo de caso de uma menina de 16 anos com Diabetes do tipo 1. A aplicação das sete habilidades cognitivas e das dez formas de pensar ilustram a importância do uso do pensamento crítico para a acurácia dos diagnósticos de enfermagem. Dez estratégias são propostas para o auto-desenvolvimento de habilidades para o pensamento crítico.En la I Parte del artículo, el autor explicó las dificultades para alcanzar la precisión de los diagnósticos de enfermería, la relevancia del pensamiento crítico en el logro de esa precisión y las nuevas perspectivas de ese pensamiento. En la II Parte las dimensiones del pensamiento crítico, consideradas como importantes para la práctica de enfermería, son aplicadas en el estudio de caso de una joven de 16 años con Diabetes de tipo 1. La aplicación de las siete habilidades cognitivas y de las diez formas de pensar, ilustra la importancia del uso del pensamiento crítico para la precisión de los diagnósticos de enfermería. Se proponen diez estratégias para el auto-desarrollo de habilidades volcadas al pensamiento crítico.Part I of this article, the author explained the difficulties of achieving accuracy of nurses' diagnoses, the relevance of critical thinking to the achievement of accuracy, and newer views of critical thinking. In Part II, the critical thinking dimensions identified as important for nursing practice are applied in the diagnostic process using a case study of a 16 year old girl with type 1 diabetes. Application of seven cognitive skills and ten habits of mind illustrate the importance of using critical thinking for accuracy of nurses' diagnoses. Ten strategies are proposed for self-development of critical thinking abilities

Copyright Lost

In this essay, I revisit my 2001 article, The Death of Copyright, for the Franklin Pierce Center for Intellectual Property’s Redux Conference. In The Death of Copyright, I worried that copyright, as a law that serves “to promote the Progress of Science,” had died. Instead, with the enactment of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, I feared that copyright had returned to a system of guild privileges that served only to maximize the rents of copyright owners. At the time I wrote the article, file sharing had just begun. Yet, the content industries were already proclaiming that the sky was falling. In their view, file sharing would destroy the incentives necessary to author and distribute high quality works of authorship. In The Death of Copyright, I carefully explained why that was not true. Although file sharing might reduce revenue, I argued that it would not reduce creative output. In revisiting that article today, I am proud to say that I was right. Using evidence from the U.S. recording industry that I have gathered and presented in my recently published book, Copyright’s Excess: Money and Music in the U.S. Recording Industry, I show that in the recording industry over the last fifty years, more money for copyright owners has meant less music. Rather than provide an incentive for more works at the margins, a strong and effective sound recording copyright overpaid our non-marginal superstars. It overpaid them to such an extent that they worked less. As a result, strong and effective copyright did not increase creative output. It reduced it. Copyright, in the sense of a law that serves a public, rather than merely a private, interest has been lost

Cities, Nature, Justice: a zoologist's perspective

Cities and nature may seem mutually exclusive, but the animal inhabitants, both native and introduced, from pets to pests, are a major component of city life. Using Sydney as an example, this paper takes a critical look at cities and nature, more narrowly zoology, with a long-term view, i.e. one with intergenerational equity in mind. In the rapid conversion of bush to farmland, then suburbs and industrial areas, flora and fauna have not been given a strong voice. We need a new ethic for this new urban ecosystem, one which encompasses dealing with exotic species, pests and vermin on the one hand, and relic native animal populations on the other. Plans for sustainability in environment, economics and society need to recognise that these are interrelated subjects, not separate entities. I argue that knowing the natural history of Sydney is integral to understanding the city, its history, and its sustainability

A Good Idea Gone Bad, or Just a Bad Idea? - the Establishment of the Solicitors' Fidelity Guarantee Fund

This article examines the historical development of the Solicitors' Fidelity Guarantee Fund in New Zealand. It traces the series of defalcations from solicitors' trust accounts that occurred during the 1920s and how these events led to some District Law Societies proposing the establishment of a compensation fund. The article also examines the conflicts that occurred between District Law Societies in deciding whether to support the proposal. The author concludes that these historical origins must be considered before any decision regarding abolition of the fidelity fund is made