464,559 research outputs found
The Rahman polynomials and the Lie algebra sl_3(C)
We interpret the Rahman polynomials in terms of the Lie algebra .
Using the parameters of the polynomials we define two Cartan subalgebras for
, denoted and . We display an antiautomorphism
of that fixes each element of and each element of
. We consider a certain finite-dimensional irreducible
-module consisting of homogeneous polynomials in three variables.
We display a nondegenerate symmetric bilinear form on $V$ such that
$ = $ for all $\beta \in sl_3(C)$
and $\xi,\zeta \in V$. We display two bases for $V$; one diagonalizes $H$ and
the other diagonalizes $\tilde{H}$. Both bases are orthogonal with respect to
. We show that when is applied to a vector in each basis, the result
is a trivial factor times a Rahman polynomial evaluated at an appropriate
argument. Thus for both transition matrices between the bases each entry is
described by a Rahman polynomial. From these results we recover the previously
known orthogonality relation for the Rahman polynomials. We also obtain two
seven-term recurrence relations satisfied by the Rahman polynomials, along with
the corresponding relations satisfied by the dual polynomials. These recurrence
relations show that the Rahman polynomials are bispectral. In our theory the
roles of and are interchangable, and for us this explains the
duality and bispectrality of the Rahman polynomials. We view the action of
and on as a rank 2 generalization of a Leonard pair
A System of Multivariable Krawtchouk Polynomials and a Probabilistic Application
The one variable Krawtchouk polynomials, a special case of the
function did appear in the spectral representation of the transition kernel for
a Markov chain studied a long time ago by M. Hoare and M. Rahman. A
multivariable extension of this Markov chain was considered in a later paper by
these authors where a certain two variable extension of the Appel
function shows up in the spectral analysis of the corresponding transition
kernel. Independently of any probabilistic consideration a certain
multivariable version of the Gelfand-Aomoto hypergeometric function was
considered in papers by H. Mizukawa and H. Tanaka. These authors and others
such as P. Iliev and P. Tertwilliger treat the two-dimensional version of the
Hoare-Rahman work from a Lie-theoretic point of view. P. Iliev then treats the
general -dimensional case. All of these authors proved several properties of
these functions. Here we show that these functions play a crucial role in the
spectral analysis of the transition kernel that comes from pushing the work of
Hoare-Rahman to the multivariable case. The methods employed here to prove this
as well as several properties of these functions are completely different to
those used by the authors mentioned above
Association between antenatal depression and low birthweight in a developing country
Rahman A, Bunn J, Lovel H, Creed F. Association between antenatal depression and low birthweight in a developing country
STREAM Journal, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp 1-21. Jan-March 2007
CONTENTS: Approaches to understanding pond-dike systems in Asia: the POND-LIVE project approach, by Dave Little, Marc Verdegem and Roel Bosma. The contribution of fish ponds to nutrient cycling in integrated farming systems, by P.N. Muendo, J.J. Stoorvogel and Marc Verdegem. Improving the contribution of fishfarming to livelihoods in Northeast Thailand, by Chittra Arjinkit, Roel Bosma, Danai Turongrouang. Benefits of pond-dike systems in Bangladesh, by M.S. Kabir, M.A. Wahab and Marc Verdegem. Common carp increases rohu production in farmers ponds, by Mohammad Mustafizur Rahman, Md. Abdul Wahab and Marc C.J. Verdegem. Improving pond-dike farming systems in the Mekong delta, Vietnam; the Can Tho approach, by Dang Kieu Nhan, Le Thanh Duong, Le Thanh Phong, Roel H. Bosma and Marc C.J. Verdegem. Fuzzy pathways for farm development in Vietnam, by Roel H. Bosma, Le Thanh Phong, and Dang Kieu Nhan
A Simplified Approach to Optimally Controlled Quantum Dynamics
A new formalism for the optimal control of quantum mechanical physical
observables is presented. This approach is based on an analogous classical
control technique reported previously[J. Botina, H. Rabitz and N. Rahman, J.
chem. Phys. Vol. 102, pag. 226 (1995)]. Quantum Lagrange multiplier functions
are used to preserve a chosen subset of the observable dynamics of interest. As
a result, a corresponding small set of Lagrange multipliers needs to be
calculated and they are only a function of time. This is a considerable
simplification over traditional quantum optimal control theory[S. shi and H.
Rabitz, comp. Phys. Comm. Vol. 63, pag. 71 (1991)]. The success of the new
approach is based on taking advantage of the multiplicity of solutions to
virtually any problem of quantum control to meet a physical objective. A family
of such simplified formulations is introduced and numerically tested. Results
are presented for these algorithms and compared with previous reported work on
a model problem for selective unimolecular reaction induced by an external
optical electric field.Comment: Revtex, 29 pages (incl. figures
On the Ionization of Luminous WMAP Sources in the Galaxy : Constraints from He Recombination Line Observations with the GBT
The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) free-free foreground emission
map is used to identify diffuse ionized regions (DIR) in the Galaxy (Rahman &
Murray 2010). It has been found that the 18 most luminous WMAP sources produce
more than half of the total ionizing luminosity of the Galaxy. We observed
radio recombination lines (RRLs) toward the luminous WMAP source G49.75-0.45
with the Green Bank Telescope near 1.4 GHz. Hydrogen RRL is detected toward the
source but no helium line is detected, implying that n_He+/n_H+ < 0.024. This
limit puts severe constraint on the ionizing spectrum. The total ionizing
luminosity of G49 (3.05 x 10^51 s^-1) is ~ 2.8 times the luminosity of all
radio HII regions within this DIR and this is generally the case for other WMAP
sources. Murray & Rahman (2010) propose that the additional ionization is due
to massive clusters (~ 7.5 x10^3 Msun for G49) embedded in the WMAP sources.
Such clusters should produce enough photons with energy \geq 24.6 eV to fully
ionize helium in the DIR. Our observations rule out a simple model with G49
ionized by a massive cluster. We also considered 'leaky' HII region models for
the ionization of the DIR, suggested by Lockman and Anantharamaiah, but these
models also cannot explain our observations. We estimate that the helium
ionizing photons need to be attenuated by > ~10 times to explain the
observations. If selective absorption of He- ionizing photons by dust is
causing this additional attenuation, then the ratio of dust absorption cross
sections for He- and H- ionizing photons should be > ~6.Comment: Accepted for publication in the ApJ; 14 pages, 3 figure
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