Carbohydrate gel ingestion significantly improves the intermittent endurance capacity, but not sprint performance, of adolescent team games players during a simulated team games protocol

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of ingesting a carbohydrate (CHO) gel on the intermittent endurance capacity and sprint performance of adolescent team games players. Eleven participants [mean age 13.5 ± 0.7 years, height 1.72 ± 0.08 m, body mass (BM) 62.1 ± 9.4 kg] performed two trials separated by 3–7 days. In each trial, they completed four 15 min periods of part A of the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test (LIST), followed by an intermittent run to exhaustion (part B). In the 5 min pre-exercise, participants consumed 0.818 mL kg−1 BM of a CHO or a non-CHO placebo gel, and a further 0.327 mL kg−1 BM every 15 min during part A of the LIST (38.0 ± 5.5 g CHO h−1 in the CHO trial). Intermittent endurance capacity was increased by 21.1% during part B when the CHO gel was ingested (4.6 ± 2.0 vs. 3.8 ± 2.4 min, P < 0.05, r = 0.67), with distance covered in part B significantly greater in the CHO trial (787 ± 319 vs. 669 ± 424 m, P < 0.05, r = 0.57). Gel ingestion did not significantly influence mean 15 m sprint time (P = 0.34), peak sprint time (P = 0.81), or heart rate (P = 0.66). Ingestion of a CHO gel significantly increases the intermittent endurance capacity of adolescent team games players during a simulated team games protocol

Looking for Rational Bubbles in Agricultural Commodity Markets

In this paper, we use a bootstrap methodology to helps us to compute the finite sample probability distribution of the asymptotic tests recently proposed in Phillips et al. (2009b) and Phillips and Yu (2009c). Simulation shows that the bootstrap methodology works well and allows us to identify explosive processes and collapsing bubbles. We apply the bootstrap procedure to the wheat and rough rice commodity prices. We find some evidence of price exuberance for both prices in the 2007-2008 period.Rational Speculative Bubbles, Bootstrap, Unit Root Tests, Commodity Prices., Marketing, G14, Q14, C12, C15,

Resituating the Influence of Relevant Alternatives on Attributions

Phillips et al. (2015) provide what looks like compelling evidence in favor of explaining the impact of broadly moral evaluations on a range of attributions in terms of the relevance of alternative possibilities. In a series of manipulation studies, they found that asking participants to describe what an agent could have done differently in neutral cases (cases in which information about broadly moral considerations was removed) showed a similar effect to varying the morality of the agent’s action. Phillips et al. take this to show that broadly moral evaluations impact the alternative possibilities people see as relevant, which in turn impact their attributions. These studies leave open the possibility that the manipulation impacts people’s broadly moral evaluations which in turn impact their attributions, however, rather than directly impacting their attributions. But this alternative model conflicts with Phillips et al.’s account, while being compatible with competing explanations. These two models are tested for causal attributions using the same manipulation method. Against Phillips et al.’s model, the results suggest that the influence of relevant alternative possibilities on causal attributions works primarily through people’s broadly moral evaluations

Improving efficiency in generating submissions and consistency of outcomes for Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) based assessments

The prevalence of fishery certification schemes and associated ecolabels has grown over the last ten years with numerous ecolabels now in the marketplace e.g. Friends of the Sea, Naturland, SAI Global Trust (Parkes et al. 2010, Washington and Ababouch 2011, Ward and Phillips 2013). However, one of the most prominent and well regarded, particularly by eNGOs, is the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) (Gutiérrez et al. 2012, Ponte 2012, Bush et al. 2013, Ward and Phillips 2013) which accounts for greater than 10 % of annual global harvest of wild capture fisheries (MSC 2014b)

The final candidate from the JVAS/CLASS search for 6 arcsec to 15 arcsec image separation lensing

A search for 6 arcsec to 15 arcsec image separation lensing in the Jodrell Bank-Very Large Array Astrometric Survey (JVAS) and the Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey (CLASS) by Phillips et al. found thirteen group and cluster gravitational lens candidates. Through radio and optical imaging and spectroscopy, Phillips et al. ruled out the lensing hypothesis for twelve of the candidates. In this paper, new optical imaging and spectroscopy of J0122+427, the final lens candidate from the JVAS/CLASS 6 arcsec to 15 arcsec image separation lens search, are presented. This system is found not to be a gravitational lens, but is just two radio-loud active galactic nuclei that are separated by ~10 arcsec on the sky and are at different redshifts. Therefore, it is concluded that there are no gravitational lenses in the JVAS and CLASS surveys with image separations between 6 arcsec to 15 arcsec. This result is consistent with the expectation that group- and cluster-scale dark matter haloes are inefficient lenses due to their relatively flat inner density profiles.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRA

Bubbles in House Prices and their Impact on Consumption: Evidence for the US

This paper provides evidence that some aggregate and regional U.S. real house price indices exhibited a bubble in the last few years according to the Phillips et al. (2007) unit root test. We subsequently investigate whether house price acceleration (deceleration) had a signi.cant impact on consumption in an error correction mechanism implied by a wide class of optimizing models. Our results support the argument that real house prices have their major effect on consumption only during the bubble period

Selection of the Informative Base in ARMA-GARCH Models

In this paper we consider the selection of the information set in ARMA-GARCH models using the methodology proposed in Muñoz et al. (2001) based on ideas of Phillips (1996). To that end, we analyse the performance of some selection criteria asymptotically equivalent to the Bayes factor and propose a method to build approximated Bayesian forecast intervals.ARMA, GARCH, Prediction , Model Selection, Information Set Selection