Portuguese wild mushrooms at the "Pharma-Nutrition" interface: nutritional characterization and antioxidant properties

The search for foods that might improve health or reduce disease risk, has been progressively gaining interest. Mushroom could be examples of these foods, presenting the additional advantage of being recognized as a delicacy. This feature might place mushrooms in the pharma-nutrition interface. Herein, eight different mushroom species were characterized in terms of nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, fat, individual sugars, fatty acids) and bioactive compounds (tocopherols, carotenoids, organic acids and phenolic compounds) with recognized antioxidant properties. These medicinal properties are often related with the antioxidant potential presented by mushroom extracts. Boletus regius was the species with the highest levels of carbohydrates (88.79 g/ 100 g dw) and PUFA (56.55%), bioactive compounds such as tocopherols (763.80 µg/100 g dw), citric acid (3.32 g/ 100 g dw) and phenolic compounds (23.49 mg/ 100 g dw), including two chrysin derivatives, presenting also the highest antioxidant activity. The identified bioactive compounds might be used as nutraceuticals to prevent chronic diseases related with oxidative stress. Furthermore, all tested species are edible, and could be incorporated directly in diet acting as functional foods.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) and COMPETE/QREN/EU for financial support to this work (research project PTDC/AGR-ALI/110062/2009) and to CIMO (strategic project PEst-OE/AGR/UI0690/2011). L. Barros and J.C.M. Barreira also thank to FCT, POPH-QREN and FSE for their grants (SFRH/BPD/4609/2008 and SFRH/BPD/72802/2010, respectively)

Sobre algunas especies interesantes del género Amanita secció Vaginatae en Andalucía (España)

Se aportan datos macro y microscópicos así como taxonómicos de algunas especies rares o críticas del género Amanita sect. Vaginatae recogidas en algunas localidades de Andalucía y del sur de Italia: Amanita lividopallescens, Amanita mairei, Amanita separata y Amanita sinuilans.Description and taxonomic notes on some rare or critical species of Amanita sect. Vaginatae collected from localities in southem Spain and southem Italy: A. lividopallescens, A. mairei, separatza and A. simulans

New records and noteworthy data of plants, algae and fungi in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 14

This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: diatom algae Cyclostephanos invisitatus, Cyclotella meduanae, and Stephanodiscus lacustris, mycorrhizal fungi Alessioporus ichnusanus and Amanita mairei, saprotrophic fungi Diaporthe oncostoma, Stropharia albonitens and Pseudomassaria chondrospora, lichenised fungus Acrocordia subglobosa, stonewort Chara connivens, mosses Buxbaumia viridis, Tortella fasciculata and Tortula protobryoides, monocots Epipactis pontica Gymnadenia frivaldii, and Orchis italica and dicots Callitriche brutia, Callitriche platycarpa and Epilobium nutans are given within SE Europe and adjacent regions

Biomoléculas em cogumelos silvestres do Nordeste de Portugal: função nutricional e medicinal

A procura de alimentos que tenham a capacidade de melhorar a nossa saúde e reduzir o risco de doenças tem vindo, progressivamente, a ganhar interesse. Os cogumelos podem ser um exemplo desses alimentos, apresentando ainda a vantagem de serem reconhecidos como uma iguaria. Esta característica pode colocar os cogumelos na interface farmacologia- nutrição. Neste estudo, foram caracterizadas oito espécies de cogumelos em termos nutricionais (proteínas, glúcidos, lípidos, açúcares individuais e ácidos gordos) e de compostos bioativos (tocoferóis, carotenoides, ácidos orgânicos e compostos fenólicos) com propriedades antioxidantes. As propriedades medicinais são frequentemente relacionadas com o potencial antioxidante apresentado pelos extratos de cogumelos. Boletus regius foi a espécie com maior teor de glúcidos (88,79 g/ 100g dw) e PUFA (56,55 %), compostos bioativos como tocoferóis (736,80 μg/ 100g dw), ácido cítrico (3,32 g/ 100 g dw) e compostos fenólicos (23,49 mg/ 100 g dw), incluindo 2 derivados da crisina, apresentando também elevada atividade antioxidante. Os compostos bioativos identificados poderão ser usados como nutracêuticos para prevenir doenças crónicas relacionadas com o stresse oxidativo. Além disso, todas as espécies testadas são comestíveis e poderão ser incorporadas diretamente na dieta como alimentos funcionais.The search for foods that might improve health or reduce disease risk, has been progressively gaining interest. Mushroom could be examples of these foods, presenting the additional advantage of being recognized as a delicacy. This feature might place mushrooms in the pharma-nutrition interface. Herein, eight different mushroom species were characterized in terms of nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, fat, individual sugars, fatty acids) and bioactive compounds (tocopherols, carotenoids, organic acids and phenolic compounds) with recognized antioxidant properties. The medicinal properties are often related with the antioxidant potential presented by mushroom extracts. Boletus regius was the species with the highest levels of carbohydrates (88.79 g/ 100 g dw) and PUFA (56.55%), bioactive compounds such as tocopherols (763.80 μg/100 g dw), citric acid (3.32 g/ 100 g dw) and phenolic compounds (23.49 mg/ 100 g dw), including two chrysin derivatives, presenting also the highest antioxidant activity. The identified bioactive compounds might be used as nutraceuticals to prevent chronic diseases related with oxidative stress. Furthermore, all tested species are edible, and could be incorporated directly in diet acting as functional foods.Este trabalho insere-se no projeto de investigação PTDC/AGR-ALI/110062/2009, financiado pela Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) e pelo Programa COMPETE/QREN/EU

Contribución al estudio de la flora micológica del desert de les palmes (Castelló) II

En esta segunda aportación se citan 88 especies y 3 variedades de hongos que fructifican en el Desierto de las Palmas, Castellón, España: 3 Hongos Anamórficos, 2 Mixomicetes, 7 Ascomicetes y 79 Basidiomicetes, recolectados entre el 19-11-2000 y el 17-10-2002. Entre las especies citadas cabe destacar: Clitocybe vibecina, Marasmius corbariensis, Melanoleuca congregata, M. oreina, Psathyrella marcescibilis, Suillus bellinii var. lutea, Cortinarius ayanamii, Lycoperdon marginanan, Acanthophysium dextrinoideocerussatum yLactarius ilicis.Second contribution to the study of fungi in the Les Palmes Desert of Castelló, Spain. In this second contribution the author reports 88 species and 3 varieties of fungi from the Desert de Les Palmes, Castelló, Spain: 3 Anamorphic fungi, 2 Myxomycetes, 7 Ascomycetes and 79 Basidiomycetes. They were collected from 19-11-2000 to 17-10-2002. Some species are highlighted: Clitocybe vibecina, Marasmius corbariensis, Melanoleuca congregata, M. oreina, Psathyrella marcescibilis, Suillus bellinii var. hect, Cortinarius ayanamii, Lycoperdon marginatum, Acanthophysium dextrinoideocerussatum and Lactarius ilicis

Primera contribució al coneixement dels macromicets del Massís de les Cadiretes (la Selva)

A checklist of the Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes collected in the Massis de les Cadiretes is given. The habitat of each species and the main temporal aspects of the carpophore apparition are described

Contribución al estudio de la flora micológica del desert de les palmes (Castelló) II

En esta segunda aportación se citan 88 especies y 3 variedades de hongos que fructifican en el Desierto de las Palmas, Castellón, España: 3 Hongos Anamórficos, 2 Mixomicetes, 7 Ascomicetes y 79 Basidiomicetes, recolectados entre el 19-11-2000 y el 17-10-2002. Entre las especies citadas cabe destacar: Clitocybe vibecina, Marasmius corbariensis, Melanoleuca congregata, M. oreina, Psathyrella marcescibilis, Suillus bellinii var. lutea, Cortinarius ayanamii, Lycoperdon marginanan, Acanthophysium dextrinoideocerussatum yLactarius ilicis.Second contribution to the study of fungi in the Les Palmes Desert of Castelló, Spain. In this second contribution the author reports 88 species and 3 varieties of fungi from the Desert de Les Palmes, Castelló, Spain: 3 Anamorphic fungi, 2 Myxomycetes, 7 Ascomycetes and 79 Basidiomycetes. They were collected from 19-11-2000 to 17-10-2002. Some species are highlighted: Clitocybe vibecina, Marasmius corbariensis, Melanoleuca congregata, M. oreina, Psathyrella marcescibilis, Suillus bellinii var. hect, Cortinarius ayanamii, Lycoperdon marginatum, Acanthophysium dextrinoideocerussatum and Lactarius ilicis

Contribució al coneixement micològic de les Illes Balears (Espanya). XVIII

Contribució al coneixement micològic de les Illes Balears (Espanya). XVIII. Se citen vint-i-dos tàxons, dels quals catorze són nova citació per a les Illes Balears: Neodasyscypha cerina (Pers.) Spooner, Amanita dryophila Consiglio & Contu, Armillaria mellea f. sabulicola A. Ortega & G. Moreno, Cortinarius parasuaveolens (Bon & Trescol) Bidaud, Moënne-Loc. & Reumaux, Cortinarius rioussetorum Bidaud, Moënne-Loc. & Reumaux, Dermoloma atrocinereum (Pers.) P.D. Orton, Gautieria graveolens Vittad., Hygrophorus agathosmus (Fr.) Fr., Hymenogaster populetorum Tul. & C. Tul, Mycena arcangeliana Bres., M. juniperina Aronsen, Volvariella bombycina (Schaeff.: Fr.) Singer, Fomitopsis iberica Melo & Ryvarden, Gloeoporus dichrous (Fr.) Bres., i nous a l'illa de Mallorca els cinc següents: Geoglossum cookeianum Nannf., Mycocalicium llimonae Hladun & Muñiz, Campanella caesia Romagn., Cortinarius variiformis Malençon, Hyphodontia radula (Pers.) Langer & Vesterh. A més, dels més rellevants, se n'ofereixen descripcions, juntament amb dades corològiques, ecològiques i comentaris taxonòmics.Contribution to the knowledge of the fungal flora of the Balearic Islands (Spain). XVIII. Twenty-two taxa of fungi found in the Balearic Islands are commented. After the information avalaible to us, fourteen of them seems to be new records for the mycological flora of the Balearic Islands: Neodasyscypha cerina (Pers.) Spooner, Amanita dryophila Consiglio & Contu, Armillaria mellea f. sabulicola A. Ortega & G. Moreno, Cortinarius parasuaveolens (Bon & Trescol) Bidaud, Moënne-Loc. & Reumaux, Cortinarius rioussetorum Bidaud, Moënne-Loc. & Reumaux, Dermoloma atrocinereum (Pers.) P.D. Orton, Gautieria graveolens Vittad., Hygrophorus agathosmus (Fr.) Fr., Hymenogaster populetorum Tul. & C. Tul, Mycena arcangeliana Bres., M. juniperina Aronsen, Volvariella bombycina (Schaeff.: Fr.) Singer, Fomitopsis iberica Melo & Ryvarden, Gloeoporus dichrous (Fr.) Bres., and the following five seems to be new records for the mycological flora of the Majorca Island: Geoglossum cookeianum Nannf., Mycocalicium llimonae Hladun & Muñiz, Campanella caesia Romagn., Cortinarius variiformis Malençon, Hyphodontia radula (Pers.) Langer & Vesterh. Taxonomy, ecology and chorology notes are also afforded.Contribución al conocimiento micológico de las Islas Baleares (España). XVIII. Se citan veintidós taxones, de los cuales los catorce siguientes son novedades para las Islas Baleares: Neodasyscypha cerina (Pers.) Spooner, Amanita dryophila Consiglio & Contu, Armillaria mellea f. sabulicola A. Ortega & G. Moreno, Cortinarius parasuaveolens (Bon & Trescol) Bidaud, Moënne- Loc. & Reumaux, Cortinarius rioussetorum Bidaud, Moënne-Loc. & Reumaux, Dermoloma atrocinereum (Pers.) P.D. Orton, Gautieria graveolens Vittad., Hygrophorus agathosmus (Fr.) Fr., Hymenogaster populetorum Tul. & C. Tul, Mycena arcangeliana Bres., M. juniperina Aronsen, Volvariella bombycina (Schaeff.: Fr.) Singer, Fomitopsis iberica Melo & Ryvarden, Gloeoporus dichrous (Fr.) Bres. Los cinco siguientes son nuevas citas para la isla de Mallorca: Geoglossum cookeianum Nannf., Mycocalicium llimonae Hladun & Muñiz, Campanella caesia Romagn., Cortinarius variiformis Malençon, Hyphodontia radula (Pers.) Langer & Vesterh. De los más interesantes, se incluyen descripciones, junto con datos corológicos, ecológicos y taxonómicos