Kinetic Model for Photocatalytic Degradation of Alizarin Red-S by Polypropylene coated nano-TiO2

The aim of this study is optimize and clarify the total mechanism of adsorption/ visible-photodegradation of Alizarin Red S polypropylene coated nano-TiO2 Degussa P-25 and TiO2 Anatase as photocatalysts. The characterization of Alizarin Red S and its chemical interaction with TiO2 surface has been studied. The acid dissociation constants of Alizarin Red S are determined. Adsorption and photodegradation steps were simultaneously studied in order to propose a simple kinetic model which can describe the process in an adequate way. The results obtained from this kinetics model are in good agreement with experimental data

Removal Efficiency of Textile Dyes from Aqueous Solutions Using Calcined Waste of Eggshells as Eco-friendly Adsorbent: Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies

This research investigates the removal of textile dyes (Rhodamine B and Alizarin Red S) from aqueous solution by a low-cost adsorbent prepared from eggshell waste. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted in order to determine the effect of different parameters such as pH, dye concentration, contact time, adsorbent dosage, particle size, and temperature. The best correlation was found by Langmuir model, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 175.58 mg g–1 for Rhodamine B and 156.56 mg g–1 for Alizarin Red S. Thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption of Rhodamine B and Alizarin Red S were feasible, spontaneous, and exothermic in nature. Regeneration study conducted to test the reusability (five cycles) and comparison of adsorption capacities of Rhodamine B and Alizarin Red S showed that calcined eggshell adsorbent could potentially be used for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Morphological studies in modern teratological investigations

Despite the variety of modern molecular techniques available, examination of foetal anatomy is still a fundamental part of teratological studies in evaluating the developmental toxicity of xenobiotics or other non-chemical factors. The article presents contemporary methods of embryotoxicity and foetotoxicity assessment. A single alizarin red S and double alcian blue followed by alizarin red S staining, as well as various methods of soft tissue examination are discussed

Synthesis of Mesoporous Methyl-Silica Hybrid for Adsorption of Alizarin Red-s

ABSTRACT Mesoporous methyl-silica hybrid has been synthesized through sol-gel process, by using tetraethylorthosilicate and methyltriethoxysilane as precursors and tart~ric acid as a template. The adsorbent was applied to study the adsorption 6f alizarin red-SoThe preparation of methyl-silica hybrid was carried out at various mol ratios of precursors and tartaric acid concentration. The methyJ-"silicahybrid result was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and surface area analyzer.Adsorption experiment was conducted to study the effect of pH and Alizarin Red-S concentration on the adsorption capacity of tbe adsorbent. The adsorbed Alizarin Red-S was calculated from different of Alizarin Red-S concentrationbefore and after adsorption based on the analysis with UV-Vis method. characterization with Infrared pectroscopyshowed that methyl-silica hybrid has been successfully synthesized as indicated by appearance of characteristic functional group vibrations i.e Si-C, silanol (Si-OH) and siloksan (Si-O-Si). The X-ray diffraction data showed amorphousstructure of methyl-silica Hybrid. The Surface Area Analyzer analysis data showed that the pore diameter and surface area of methyl-silica hybrid tended to increase as the template concentration increases. Adsorption study of methyl-silica hybrid showed that the adsorption decreased as the pH was increased. The optimum adsorption was optained at pH=2.0 with the concentration of Alizarin Red-S of 70 mg/L Keywords: Sol-gel, Tartaric acid template, Mesoporous, Adsorptio

DFT ispitivanje antioksidativne aktivnosti alizarina Red S

Density functional theory calculations were performed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of alizarin red S molecule. The conformational behavior of molecule were analysed at the M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) method. The most stable conformer of alizarin red S has two IHBs. The expected antioxidant activity of alizarin red S was justified from ionization potential (IPs) and homolytic O-H bond dissociation enthalpy (BDEs) values. Heterolytic O-H bond cleavages (proton dissociation enthalpies, PDEs) were also computed. Calculated IP, BDE, and PA values suggested that one-step H atom transfer (HAT), rather than SPLET or SET-PT, would be the most favored mechanism for explaining the antioxidant activity of alizarin red S in gas phase. In aqueous solution all of three mechanisms were competitive.Upotrebom DFT metode vršena su izračunavanja u cilju određivanja antioksidativne aktivnosti alizarina red S. Konformaciona priroda molekula analizirana ispitana je primenom M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) metoda. Najstabilniji konformer alizarina red S ima dve unutrašnje vodonične veze. Očekivana antioksidativna aktivnost alizarina red S određena je izračunavanjem vrednosti jonizacionih potencijala (IP) i i vrednosti entalpija homolitičkog raskidanja O-H veza (BDE). Vrednosti entalpije heterolitičkog raskidanja O-H veza (entalpije disocijacije protona, PDE), su takođe izračunate. Izračunate IP, BDE i PA vrednosti ukazuju na to da je jednostepeni transfer H-atoma (HAT), pre nego SPLET ili SET-PT mehanizam, favorizovan u pogledu antioksidativne aktivnosti alizarina red S u gasnoj fazi. U vodenom rastvoru, sva tri mehanizma su konkurentna

Museum Preservation of Skeleton of Fetus & Small Vertebrates

Transparency technique to demonstrate cartilage and skeleton has been used from years. It is superior to the method of obtaining fetal skeleton by boiling and burying, consisting basically of muscle digestion and staining of cartilage and skeleton. The process involves maceration of soft tissues in 1% KOH and staining of specimen using Alcian Blue 8GX and Alizarin Red S allowing detection of morphology of whole vertebral column and single vertebra, long bones and primary ossification centers. Keywords: Maceration, Alcian Blue, Alizarin Red S, KOH, Primary ossification centre, Fetal skeleton, Small vertebrat

Visible light photoactivity of Polypropylene coated Nano-TiO2 for dyes degradation in water

The use of Polypropylene as support material for nano-TiO2 photocatalyst in the photodegradation of Alizarin Red S in water solutions under the action of visible light was investigated. The optimization of TiO2 pastes preparation using two commercial TiO2, Aeroxide P-25 and Anatase, was performed and a green low-cost dip-coating procedure was developed. Scanning electron microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy and X-Ray Diffraction analysis were used in order to obtain morphological and structural information of as-prepared TiO2 on support material. Equilibrium and kinetics aspects in the adsorption and successive photodegradation of Alizarin Red S, as reference dye, are described using polypropylene-TiO2 films in the Visible/TiO2/water reactor showing efficient dyes degradation

Study of embryotoxicity of mentha piperita l. during organogenesis in balb/c mice

Mentha piperita (Labiatae), commonly known as peppermint is a native Iranian herb which is used in folk medicine for various purposes. This study was carried out to reveal the teratogenic effect of Mentha piperita on mice fetuses. In this experimental study, pregnant Balb/c mice divided to four groups. Case group received 600 (treatment I) and 1200 (treatment II) mg/kg/day the hydroalcoholic extract of Mentha piperita during 6-15 of gestational days and one control group received normal saline during GD6-GD15 by gavages and other control group did not receive any matter during 6-15 of gestational days. Mice sacrificed at GD18 and embryos were collected. Macroscopic observation was done by stereomicroscope. 20 fetuses of each group were stained by Alizarin red-S and Alcian blue staining method. The Mean weight of fetuses decreased in treatment groups rather than control (P<0.05) but CRL there was no significant difference between treatments and controls groups. In the treatment I (600 mg/kg/day) and treatment II (1200 mg/kg/day), normal saline and control group, no gross congenital malformations were observed in fetuses. Treated fetuses also had no delayed bone ossification as determined by Alizarin red-S and Alcian blue staining method. This study showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Mentha piperita (600 and 1200 mg/ kg/day) has no teratogenic effect in mice fetuses if used continuously during embryonic period

In vivo staining with alizarin for ageing studies on chondrichthyan fishes

Age determination for stock assessments and conservation of cartilaginous fishes is mainly obtained by counting the annual growth bands in vertebrae. Recent studies show numerous inconsistencies and the need for systematic validation. We assessed the effectiveness of the fluorochrome alizarin red S, a common skeleton vital marker used as a time stamp for teleost fishes, on chondrichthyan. Twenty-five captive small-spotted catsharks (Scyliorhinus canicula) were marked by alizarin red S intraperitoneal injections. The fluorochrome produced a wide fluorescent mark on sectioned vertebral centra of all injected fish. Alizarin red S did not have a deleterious effect on growth during three months monitoring. The marks obtained remained stable in vivo for more than four years after injections and were resistant to fading during the observation under the microscope excitation light. Our results suggest that alizarin red S is an effective tool for long time vital marking of chondrichthyans

Optimal Conditions for Electrodeposition of Copper (II) in Presence of Alizarin Red’s by Physicochemical Methods

The comprehensive physical properties of the aqueous  solutions of (alizarin red S - copper(II) chloride) were studied in this research with fixing the conditions (pH – concentration – temperature), then the optimal conditions for the formation of the complex Copper(II) – Alizarin Red S (ARS – Cu II) were appointed by several ways: (the pH measurement method - electrical conductivity measurement method – UV/Vis spectral method), and then the stoichiometry of the reaction of the complex formation was determined by three reference methods. It found that the complex formed when each concentrations greater than a certain limit (10-5 M). In addition, the complex could formed at higher concentrations by adjusting the (pH) at a suitable value (4.2 → 5.8). Finally, the complex remains stable with the time keeping at suitable conditions (a way from the sun light and a way from a high temperature). Also, the electrodeposition of copper(II) was studied to determine the appropriate operating conditions and the thicknesses of the coating layer. It was obtained a good properties (brightness - surface covering: distribution of atoms - thickness ....... etc.). of deposit without using of any other additives by applying the conditions (pH = 5, i = 2 mA/cm2, t = 5 min, C = 0.1 M  d = 1.756×10-5 cm). Keywords: Alizarin red S - (ARS – Cu II) complex - electrodeposition of Cu (II)