Wireless event-recording device with identification codes

A wireless recording device can be interrogated to determine its identity and its state. The state indicates whether a particular physical or chemical event has taken place. In effect, the physical or chemical event is recorded by the device. The identity of the device allows it to be distinguished from a number of similar devices. Thus the sensor device may be used in an array of devices that can be probed by a wireless interrogation unit. The device tells the interrogator who it is and what state it is in. The interrogator can thus easily identify particular items in an array that have reached a particular condition

Efficient Implementation and Design of A New Single-Channel Electrooculography-based Human-Machine Interface System

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Early recovery of frontal EEG slow wave activity during propofol sedation predicts outcome after cardiac arrest

Aim of the study: EEG slow wave activity (SWA) has shown prognostic potential in post-resuscitation care. In this prospective study, we investigated the accuracy of continuously measured early SWA for prediction of the outcome in comatose cardiac arrest (CA) survivors. Methods: We recorded EEG with a disposable self-adhesive frontal electrode and wireless device continuously starting from ICU admission until 48 h from return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in comatose CA survivors sedated with propofol. We determined SWA by offline calculation of C-Trend (R) Index describing SWA as a score ranging from 0 to 100. The functional outcome was defined based on Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) at 6 months after the CA to either good (CPC 1-2) or poor (CPC 3-5). Results: Outcome at six months was good in 67 of the 93 patients. During the first 12 h after ROSC, the median C-Trend Index value was 38.8 (interquartile range 28.0-56.1) in patients with good outcome and 6.49 (3.01-18.2) in those with poor outcome showing significant difference (p < 0.001) at every hour between the groups. The index values of the first 12h predicted poor outcome with an area under curve of 0.86 (95% CI0.61-0.99). With a cutoff value of 20, the sensitivity was 83.3% (69.6%-92.3%) and specificity 94.7% (83.4%-99.7%) for categorization of outcome. Conclusion: EEG SWA measured with C-Trend Index during propofol sedation offers a promising practical approach for early bedside evaluation of recovery of brain function and prediction of outcome after CA.Peer reviewe

Handcrafted Microwire Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interfaces with Wireless Neural Recording and Stimulation Capabilities

A scalable microwire peripheral nerve interface was developed, which interacted with regenerated peripheral nerves in microchannel scaffolds. Neural interface technologies are envisioned to facilitate direct connections between the nervous system and external technologies such as limb prosthetics or data acquisition systems for further processing. Presented here is an animal study using a handcrafted microwire regenerative peripheral nerve interface, a novel neural interface device for communicating with peripheral nerves. The neural interface studies using animal models are crucial in the evaluation of efficacy and safety of implantable medical devices before their use in clinical studies. 16- electrode microwire microchannel scaffolds were developed for both peripheral nerve regeneration and peripheral nerve interfacing. The microchannels were used for nerve regeneration pathways as a scaffolding material and the embedded microwires were used as a recording electrode to capture neural signals from the regenerated peripheral nerves. Wireless stimulation and recording capabilities were also incorporated to the developed peripheral nerve interface which gave the freedom of the complex experimental setting of wired data acquisition systems and minimized the potential infection of the animals from the wire connections. A commercially available wireless recording system was efficiently adopted to the peripheral nerve interface. The 32-channel wireless recording system covered 16-electrode microwires in the peripheral nerve interface, two cuff electrodes, and two electromyography electrodes. The 2-channel wireless stimulation system was connected to a cuff electrode on the sciatic nerve branch and was used to make evoked signals which went through the regenerated peripheral nerves and were captured by the wireless recording system at a different location. The successful wireless communication was demonstrated in the result section and the future goals of a wireless neural interface for chronic implants and clinical trials were discussed together

Of mice and motion : Behavioural-EEG phenotyping of Alzheimer’s disease mouse models

This work was supported by the Alzheimer’s Society [project grant number AS-PG-14-039] to BP and GR.Peer reviewedPostprin

Alzheimer's hand gestures and speech disorders in spoken and sung modalities

International audienceIn Alzheimer's disease (AD), studies on bimodal language production like that of Carlomagno et al. (2005) do not treat aspects of speech and hand gestures in a concomitant way. We propose an original protocol to evaluate the correlation between hand gestures and articulatory gestures in speech and singing of 4 persons diagnosed with AD by our hospital partner and paired with 4 control participants. Participants were asked to repeat 8 nursery rhymes created for this protocol: 4 nursery rhymes were spoken while the other 4 were sung. In each sung or spoken modality, 2 nursery rhymes were completed with four iconic and two deictic hand gestures. The protocol was completed with several clinical tests. Speech apraxia was evaluated by means of the MT86 clinical protocol (Joanette et al., 1998) and manual praxis by the Mahieux's battery (Mahieux-Laurent et al., 2009). The MBLF software was adapted to test the bucco-linguo-facial motor skills (Gatignol& Lannadère, 2011). Each participant was recorded at home using a camcorder and a lapel microphone. The speech productions were annotated and analyzed via Praat©, and the hand gestures via ELAN©. We did not evidence any manual or speech apraxia in our patient population. However, significant differences were observed on productions of hand gestures and speech between the patients and the control participants. Regarding patients, the movement, configuration and orientation of hand gestures were slightly altered. This alteration seemed to depend on the gesture value but not on the modality (speech or singing). The requirement to produce specific hand gestures affected speech production: patients produced more errors with connected hand gestures. Speech productions were influenced at different degrees by spoken and sung modalities. Patients made more errors in singing, and the more with connected hand gestures, showing a double task effect likely due to an attention deficiency typical of AD (Siéroff & Piquard, 2004)

Structural and functional MRI abnormalities of cerebellar cortex and nuclei in SCA3, SCA6 and Friedreich\u27s ataxia

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 and Friedreich\u27s ataxia are common hereditary ataxias. Different patterns of atrophy of the cerebellar cortex are well known. Data on cerebellar nuclei are sparse. Whereas cerebellar nuclei have long been thought to be preserved in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6, histology shows marked atrophy of the nuclei in Friedreich\u27s ataxia and spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. In the present study susceptibility weighted imaging was used to assess atrophy of the cerebellar nuclei in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (n = 12, age range 41-76 years, five female), Friedreich\u27s ataxia (n = 12, age range 21-55 years, seven female), spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (n = 10, age range 34-67 years, three female), and age-and gender-matched controls (total n = 23, age range 22-75 years, 10 female). T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were used to calculate the volume of the cerebellum. In addition, ultra-high field functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed with optimized normalization methods to assess function of the cerebellar cortex and nuclei during simple hand movements. As expected, the volume of the cerebellum was markedly reduced in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6, preserved in Friedreich\u27s ataxia, and mildy reduced in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. The volume of the cerebellar nuclei was reduced in the three patient groups compared to matched controls (P-values \u3c 0.05; two-sample t-tests). Atrophy of the cerebellar nuclei was most pronounced in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6. On a functional level, hand-movement-related cerebellar activation was altered in all three disorders. Within the cerebellar cortex, functional magnetic resonance imaging signal was significantly reduced in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 and Friedreich\u27s ataxia compared to matched controls (P-values \u3c 0.001, bootstrap-corrected cluster-size threshold; two-sample t-tests). The difference missed significance in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. Within the cerebellar nuclei, reductions were significant when comparing spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 and Friedreich\u27s ataxia to matched controls (P \u3c 0.01, bootstrap-corrected cluster-size threshold; two-sample t-tests). Susceptibility weighted imaging allowed depiction of atrophy of the cerebellar nuclei in patients with Friedreich\u27s ataxia and spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. In spinocerebellar ataxia type 6, pathology was not restricted to the cerebellar cortex but also involved the cerebellar nuclei. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data, on the other hand, revealed that pathology in Friedreich\u27s ataxia and spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 is not restricted to the cerebellar nuclei. There was functional involvement of the cerebellar cortex despite no or little structural changes

Pengambilan Data secara Bergerak pada Automatic Meter Reading Bertopologi Mesh

Proses rekapitulasi informasi mengenai kuantitas pemakaian listrik, air, dan gas dari pelanggan perusahaan penyedia utilitas umumnya tersedia melalui proses pengumpulan data secara berkala. Proses pengumpulan/pencatatan data tersebut dilakukan oleh petugas yang berkunjung ke setiap rumah-rumah pelanggan secara periodik. Banyaknya rumah yang dikunjungi menyebabkan pekerjaan mencatat data menjadi berat dan memungkinkan terjadi kesalahan pencatatan. Data yang tidak akurat berkorelasi terhadap kerugian finansial yang ditanggung perusahaan penyedia utilitas. Berbagai teknologi untuk memudahkan pencatatan seperti (Automatic Meter Reading) AMR telah diterapkan, tetapi masih memiliki permasalahan dalam proses pengiriman data dari perangkat pencatat ke pusat basis data. Penelitian ini mengusulkan pengembangan teknologi AMR dengan menerapkan mekanisme pengambilan data secara bergerak dan nirkabel dengan topologi jaringan mesh. Setiap perangkat AMR diasumsikan sebagai perangkat statis yang terhubung secara topologi jaringan mesh dengan perangkat AMR lain yang saling berdekatan dan dapat bertindak sebagai relay untuk kemudian mengirimkan data ke perangkat pencatat bergerak yang digunakan oleh petugas atau disebut perangkat Mobile Data Gathering(MDG). Perangkat pencatat MDG dapat mengumpulkan data secara bergerak mendekati salah satu perangkat AMR untuk mengumpulkan data dari seluruh perangkat AMR yang saling berdekatan. Kecepatan bergerak perangkat pencatat AMR berpengaruh dalam akurasi pencatatan dan jumlah data yang dapat dikumpulkan. Berdasarkan hasil uji simulasi dapat diketahui bahwa sistem pengumpulan data dengan mekanisme bergerak mampu mengumpulkan data dengan kecepatan terbaik 30 km/jam dengan jumlah data sebanyak 86% dari semua jumlah perangkat AMR.AbstractRecapitulation process information on the amount of electricity, water and gas from a utility provider of enterprise customers are generally available through periodic data gathering processes. The data gathering process mostly performed by officers who periodically visit each customers' house. The more number of houses to be visited, the heavier the workload for data recording and the recording errors may occur. Inaccurate data correlate with financial losses borne by utilities. Various techniques to facilitate the recording such as Automatic Meter Ready (AMR) have been applied, but the problem during data transmission of data from the recording device to the central database still exists. This research proposes the development of AMR technology by applying the mechanism of wireless data transfer with mesh network topology. Each AMR device is assumed static devices in a network topology connected to other AMR devices side by side and can act as a relay than the data sent to a mobile agent recording device. The AMR wireless recording device can collect data that moves closer to one of the AMR devices to collect data from all neighboring AMR devices. The speed of movement of the AMR recording device affects the accuracy of the recording and the amount of data that can be collected. The evaluation results show that the data gathering system with a movement mechanism suitable for data collection at the best speeds of 30 km/h with the successful data gathering around 86% of all AMR device

Wireless Neurosensor for Full-Spectrum Electrophysiology Recordings during Free Behavior

SummaryBrain recordings in large animal models and humans typically rely on a tethered connection, which has restricted the spectrum of accessible experimental and clinical applications. To overcome this limitation, we have engineered a compact, lightweight, high data rate wireless neurosensor capable of recording the full spectrum of electrophysiological signals from the cortex of mobile subjects. The wireless communication system exploits a spatially distributed network of synchronized receivers that is scalable to hundreds of channels and vast environments. To demonstrate the versatility of our wireless neurosensor, we monitored cortical neuron populations in freely behaving nonhuman primates during natural locomotion and sleep-wake transitions in ecologically equivalent settings. The interface is electrically safe and compatible with the majority of existing neural probes, which may support previously inaccessible experimental and clinical research

Swallowing detection for game control: using skin-like electronics to support people with dysphagia

In this paper, we explore the feasibility of developing a sensor-driven rehabilitation game for people suffering from dysphagia. This study utilizes the skin-like electronics for unobtrusive, comfortable, continuous recording of surface electromyograms (EMG) during swallowing and use them for driving game-based, user-controlled feedback. The experimental study includes the development and evaluation of a real-time swallow detection algorithm using skin-like sensors and a game-based human-computer interaction. The user evaluations support the ease of use of the skin-like electronics as a motivational tool for people with dysphagia