155,240 research outputs found
myTea: Connecting the Web to Digital Science on the Desktop
Bioinformaticians regularly access the hundreds of databases and tools that are available to them on the Web. None of these tools communicate with each other, causing the scientist to copy results manually from a Web site into a spreadsheet or word processor. myGrids' Taverna has made it possible to create templates (workflows) that automatically run searches using these databases and tools, cutting down what previously took days of work into hours, and enabling the automated capture of experimental details. What is still missing in the capture process, however, is the details of work done on that material once it moves from the Web to the desktop: if a scientist runs a process on some data, there is nothing to record why that action was taken; it is likewise not easy to publish a record of this process back to the community on the Web. In this paper, we present a novel interaction framework, built on Semantic Web technologies, and grounded in usability design practice, in particular the Making Tea method. Through this work, we introduce a new model of practice designed specifically to (1) support the scientists' interactions with data from the Web to the desktop, (2) provide automatic annotation of process to capture what has previously been lost and (3) associate provenance services automatically with that data in order to enable meaningful interrogation of the process and controlled sharing of the results
Philanthropy of Community Instrument 2: Measuring and Valuation of Assets (PMVA).
This is one of several instruments which have been developed to deepen the practice of grantmakers, using the lens of philanthropy of community (PoC). It is useful for measurement and validation of community assets
Pro-Resume: The Infographic Resume Builder
Scoring an interview is a challenge for any job seeker these days, thus having a unique and well-organized resume is crucial to grab a recruiterâs attention. Online resume builders such as ResumeNow and VisualizeMe have been created to help users build resumes; however, their templates are lacking in quantity, customizability, and in some instances, even legibility. Thus, our team set out to create an infographic online resume builder, a web application that allows its users to build, organize, and beautify their resumes to aid them in their job search. Our system allows for easy integration with their LinkedIn profiles so that their work history can be easily duplicated without typing everything out. There is also a large scope of infographic template options that users can choose from and, most importantly, users will have the ability to further customize their content and organization by using the systemâs editing mode
The Hard Problem: A Quantum Approach
Contents:
1. Introduction: Philosophical Setting
2. Quantum Model of the Mind/Brain
3. Person and Self
4. Meeting Baars's Criteria for Consciousness
5. Qualia
6. Free-WillComment: 28 pages, no figures, latexed, uses math_macros.tex that can be found
on Archive, this paper was submitted in 5/95 and this is a revised version
full postscript available from
http://theor1.lbl.gov/www/theorygroup/papers/37163rev.p
Beyond opening up the black box: Investigating the role of algorithmic systems in Wikipedian organizational culture
Scholars and practitioners across domains are increasingly concerned with
algorithmic transparency and opacity, interrogating the values and assumptions
embedded in automated, black-boxed systems, particularly in user-generated
content platforms. I report from an ethnography of infrastructure in Wikipedia
to discuss an often understudied aspect of this topic: the local, contextual,
learned expertise involved in participating in a highly automated
social-technical environment. Today, the organizational culture of Wikipedia is
deeply intertwined with various data-driven algorithmic systems, which
Wikipedians rely on to help manage and govern the "anyone can edit"
encyclopedia at a massive scale. These bots, scripts, tools, plugins, and
dashboards make Wikipedia more efficient for those who know how to work with
them, but like all organizational culture, newcomers must learn them if they
want to fully participate. I illustrate how cultural and organizational
expertise is enacted around algorithmic agents by discussing two
autoethnographic vignettes, which relate my personal experience as a veteran in
Wikipedia. I present thick descriptions of how governance and gatekeeping
practices are articulated through and in alignment with these automated
infrastructures. Over the past 15 years, Wikipedian veterans and administrators
have made specific decisions to support administrative and editorial workflows
with automation in particular ways and not others. I use these cases of
Wikipedia's bot-supported bureaucracy to discuss several issues in the fields
of critical algorithms studies, critical data studies, and fairness,
accountability, and transparency in machine learning -- most principally
arguing that scholarship and practice must go beyond trying to "open up the
black box" of such systems and also examine sociocultural processes like
newcomer socialization.Comment: 14 pages, typo fixed in v
An automated ETL for online datasets
While using online datasets for machine learning is commonplace today, the quality of these datasets impacts on the performance
of prediction algorithms. One method for improving the semantics of new data sources is to map these sources to a common
data model or ontology. While semantic and structural heterogeneities must still be resolved, this provides a well established
approach to providing clean datasets, suitable for machine learning and analysis. However, when there is a requirement for a
close to real time usage of online data, a method for dynamic Extract-Transform-Load of new sources data must be developed.
In this work, we present a framework for integrating online and enterprise data sources, in close to real time, to provide
datasets for machine learning and predictive algorithms. An exhaustive evaluation compares a human built data transformation
process with our systemâs machine generated ETL process, with very favourable results, illustrating the value and impact of
an automated approach
Scientism on Steroids: A Review of Freedom Evolves by Daniel Dennett (2003) (review revised 2019)
``People say again and again that philosophy doesn´t really progress, that we are still occupied with the same philosophical problems as were the Greeks. But the people who say this don´t understand why it has to be so. It is because our language has remained the same and keeps seducing us into asking the same questions. As long as there continues to be a verb ´to be´ that looks as if it functions in the same way as ´to eat and to drink´, as long as we still have the adjectives ´identical´, ´true´, ´false´, ´possible´, as long as we continue to talk of a river of time, of an expanse of space, etc., etc., people will keep stumbling over the same puzzling difficulties and find themselves staring at something which no explanation seems capable of clearing up. And what´s more, this satisfies a longing for the transcendent, because, insofar as people think they can see the âlimits of human understanding´, they believe of course that they can see beyond these.``
This quote is from Ludwig Wittgenstein who redefined philosophy some 70 years ago (but most people have yet to find this out). Dennett, though he has been a philosopher for some 40 years, is one of them. It is also curious that both he and his prime antagonist, John Searle, studied under famous Wittgensteinians (Searle with John Austin, Dennett with Gilbert Ryle) but Searle more or less got the point and Dennett did not, (though it is stretching things to call Searle or Ryle Wittgensteinians). Dennett is a hard determinist (though he tries to sneak reality in the back door), and perhaps this is due to Ryle, whose famous book ´The Concept of Mind´(1949) continues to be reprinted. That book did a great job of exorcising the ghost, but it left the machine.
Dennett enjoys making the mistakes Wittgenstein, Ryle (and many others since) have exposed in detail. Our use of the words consciousness, choice, freedom, intention, particle, thinking, determines, wave, cause, happened, event (and so on endlessly) are rarely a source of confusion, but as soon as we leave normal life and enter philosophy (and any discussion detached from the environment in which language evolvedâi.e., the exact context in which the words had meaning) chaos reigns. Like most, Dennett lacks a coherent framework - which Searle has called the logical structure of rationality. I have expanded on this considerably since I wrote this review and my recent articles show in detail what is wrong with Dennett's approach to philosophy, which one might call Scientism on steroids. Let me end with another quote from Wittgenstein--´Ambition is the death of thought´.
Those wishing a comprehensive up to date framework for human behavior from the modern two systems view may consult my book âThe Logical Structure of Philosophy, Psychology, Mind and Language in Ludwig Wittgenstein and John Searleâ 2nd ed (2019). Those interested in more of my writings may see âTalking Monkeys--Philosophy, Psychology, Science, Religion and Politics on a Doomed Planet--Articles and Reviews 2006-2019 3rd ed (2019), The Logical Structure of Human Behavior (2019), and Suicidal Utopian Delusions in the 21st Century 4th ed (2019
Confinement Effects on the Crystalline Features of Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene)
Typical device architectures in polymer-based optoelectronic devices, such as
field effect transistors organic light emitting diodes and photovoltaic cells
include sub-100 nm semiconducting polymer thin-film active layers, whose
microstructure is likely to be subject to finite-size effects. The aim of this
study was to investigate effect of the two-dimensional spatial confinement on
the internal structure of the semiconducting polymer poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene)
(PFO). PFO melts were confined inside the cylindrical nanopores of anodic
aluminium oxide (AAO) templates and crystallized via two crystallization
strategies, namely, in the presence or in the absence of a surface bulk
reservoir located at the template surface. We show that highly textured
semiconducting nanowires with tuneable crystal orientation can be thus
produced. Moreover, our results indicate that employing the appropriate
crystallization conditions extended-chain crystals can be formed in
confinement. The results presented here demonstrate the simple fabrication and
crystal engineering of ordered arrays of PFO nanowires; a system with potential
applications in devices where anisotropic optical properties are required, such
as polarized electroluminescence, waveguiding, optical switching, lasing, etc
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