2,857 research outputs found
Using Java for distributed computing in the Gaia satellite data processing
In recent years Java has matured to a stable easy-to-use language with the
flexibility of an interpreter (for reflection etc.) but the performance and
type checking of a compiled language. When we started using Java for
astronomical applications around 1999 they were the first of their kind in
astronomy. Now a great deal of astronomy software is written in Java as are
many business applications.
We discuss the current environment and trends concerning the language and
present an actual example of scientific use of Java for high-performance
distributed computing: ESA's mission Gaia. The Gaia scanning satellite will
perform a galactic census of about 1000 million objects in our galaxy. The Gaia
community has chosen to write its processing software in Java. We explore the
manifold reasons for choosing Java for this large science collaboration.
Gaia processing is numerically complex but highly distributable, some parts
being embarrassingly parallel. We describe the Gaia processing architecture and
its realisation in Java. We delve into the astrometric solution which is the
most advanced and most complex part of the processing. The Gaia simulator is
also written in Java and is the most mature code in the system. This has been
successfully running since about 2005 on the supercomputer "Marenostrum" in
Barcelona. We relate experiences of using Java on a large shared machine.
Finally we discuss Java, including some of its problems, for scientific
computing.Comment: Experimental Astronomy, August 201
The North American and Pelican Nebulae I. IRAC Observations
We present a 9 deg^2 map of the North American and Pelican Nebulae regions
obtained in all four IRAC channels with the Spitzer Space Telescope. The
resulting photometry is merged with that at JHKs from 2MASS and a more
spatially limited survey from previous ground-based work. We use a
mixture of color- color diagrams to select a minimally contaminated set of more
than 1600 objects that we claim are young stellar objects (YSOs) associated
with the star forming region. Because our selection technique uses IR excess as
a requirement, our sample is strongly biased against inclusion of Class III
YSOs. The distribution of IRAC spectral slopes for our YSOs indicates that most
of these objects are Class II, with a peak towards steeper spectral slopes but
a substantial contribution from a tail of flat spectrum and Class I type
objects. By studying the small fraction of the sample that is optically
visible, we infer a typical age of a few Myr for the low mass population. The
young stars are clustered, with about a third of them located in eight clusters
that are located within or near the LDN 935 dark cloud. Half of the YSOs are
located in regions with surface densities higher than 1000 YSOs / deg^2. The
Class I objects are more clustered than the Class II stars.Comment: 16 pages, 12 figures, ApJ In pres
ESA Science Programme Missions: Contributions and Exploitation -- Herschel Observing Time Proposals
After an introduction to the ESA Herschel Space Observatory including a
mission overview, science objectives, results and productivity we examine the
process and outcomes of the announcements of observing opportunities (AOs). For
Herschel, in common with other ESA observatories, there were no rules, quotas,
or guidelines for the allocation of observing time based on the geographical
location of the lead proposer's institute, gender, or seniority (academic age);
scientific excellence was the most important single factor. We investigate
whether and how success rates vary with these (other) parameters. Due to the
relatively short operational duration of Herschel -- compared to XMM-Newton and
INTEGRAL -- in addition to the pre-launch AO in 2007 there was just two further
AOs, in 2010 and 2011. In order to extend the time-frame we compare results
with those from the ESA Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) whose time allocation
took place approximately 15 years earlier.Comment: To be submitted to Springer for publication in the ISSI Scientific
Reports serie
Cosmos, culture and landscape : documenting, learning and sharing Aboriginal astronomical knowledge in contemporary society
Contemporary Australian Aboriginal astronomical knowledge, its documentation, sharing and communication is investigated, primarily from three Western Australian locations (1) Murchison region (associated with Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory), (2) East Kimberley (Wolfe Creek Meteorite Crater) and (3) the South West of Western Australia. Astronomical knowledge is examined via three surveys and in-depth interviews with 27 participants. Digital imaging (360° & timelapse) is applied to create new and original Aboriginal astronomy resources (virtual tour and exhibition videos)
SciTech News Volume 71, No. 3 (2017)
Columns and Reports
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