Comparison of beam generation techniques using a phase only spatial light modulator

Whether in art or for QR codes, images have proven to be both powerful and efficient carriers of information. Spatial light modulators allow an unprecedented level of control over the generation of optical fields by using digital holograms. There is no unique way of obtaining a desired light pattern however, leaving many competing methods for hologram generation. In this paper, we test six hologram generation techniques in the creation of a variety of modes as well as a photographic image: rating the methods according to obtained mode quality and power. All techniques compensate for a non-uniform mode profile of the input laser and incorporate amplitude scaling. We find that all methods perform well and stress the importance of appropriate spatial filtering. We expect these results to be of interest to those working in the contexts of microscopy, optical trapping or quantum image creation

Digital Holography and 3D Imaging: introduction to the joint feature issue in Applied Optics and Journal of the Optical Society of America A.

This feature issue is a continuation of a tradition, since 2007, to follow the conclusion of the OSA Topical Meeting on Digital Holography and 3D Imaging (DH+3D). It addresses current research topics in digital holography (DH) and 3D imaging that are also in line with the topics of Applied Optics (AO) and the Journal of the Optical Society of America A (JOSA A)

Holography

Holography - Basic Principles and Contemporary Applications is a collection of fifteen chapters, describing the basic principles of holography and some recent innovative developments in the field. The book is divided into three sections. The first, Understanding Holography, presents the principles of hologram recording illustrated with practical examples. A comprehensive review of diffraction in volume gratings and holograms is also presented. The second section, Contemporary Holographic Applications, is concerned with advanced applications of holography including sensors, holographic gratings, white-light viewable holographic stereograms. The third section of the book Digital Holography is devoted to digital hologram coding and digital holographic microscopy

Comparison of beam generation techniques using a phase only spatial light modulator

Whether in art or for QR codes, images have proven to be both powerful and efficient carriers of information. Spatial light modulators allow an unprecedented level of control over the generation of optical fields by using digital holograms. There is no unique way of obtaining a desired light pattern however, leaving many competing methods for hologram generation. In this paper, we test six hologram generation techniques in the creation of a variety of modes as well as a photographic image: rating the methods according to obtained mode quality and power. All techniques compensate for a non-uniform mode profile of the input laser and incorporate amplitude scaling. We find that all methods perform well and stress the importance of appropriate spatial filtering. We expect these results to be of interest to those working in the contexts of microscopy, optical trapping or quantum image creation

Dissipative Materials Enabled Subwavelength Nanophotonics

Properly structuring materials at subwavelength scale allows for strong light-matter interaction, thereby enhancing near-field effects and engineering far-field scattering through intermodal interference. A majority of such effects are associated with plasmonics where electromagnetic waves created in the vicinity of metallic nanostructures is able to give rise to a variety of novel phenomena and fascinating applications. In the recent years, dielectric nanoparticles with high refractive index based on optically induced electric and magnetic Mie resonances attract a plethora of attention. In this rapidly developing field, dissipative loss in optical materials is considered one of the major challenges. Here, in this dissertation, we show that, counter-intuitively, it contributes positively to sub-wavelength scale light enhancement and confinement, and also improves scattering efficiency in the far field. In the first part of this dissertation, near field enhancement in dissipative dielectric antennas is demonstrated to be orders of magnitude higher than their lossless dielectric counterparts, which is particularly favorable in deep UV applications where metals are plasmonically inactive and transparent dielectrics always have low index. The loss facilitated field enhancement is the result of large material permittivity contrast and electric field discontinuity. These dissipative dielectric nanostructures can be easily achieved with a great variety of dielectrics at their Lorentz oscillation frequencies, thus having the potential to build a completely new material platform boosting light-matter interaction over broader frequency ranges, with advantages such as bio-compatibility, CMOS compatibility and harsh environment endurance. Additionally, manipulation of ultra-violet light through metasurface in the far field utilizing the silicon loss is then presented. We experimentally demonstrate Si metasurfaces working effectively over a broad band down to 290nm, with efficiencies comparable to plasmonic metasurface performance in the infrared regime. And for the first time, we show photolithography enabled by metasurface-generated ultraviolet holograms. We attribute such performance enhancement to the large scattering cross-sections of Si antennas in the ultraviolet range, which is adequately modeled via a circuit model. Our new platform will deepen our understanding of the role of material dissipation and introduce even more material options to broadband metaphotonic applications, including those in integrated photonics and holographic lithography technologies.Dynamically tunable far field with subwavlength nanostructures is always desired for practical applications. In the last section of this dissertation, we introduce a lithography free and field-programmable photonic metacanvas. Previous attempts of realizing such idea used micro-mechanical metamaterials or amorphous-crystalline phase transition materials, which are limited in terms of the functionalities, efficiency, cost, and high working temperature (> 600oC). It is much desired to reconfigure photonic devices in a fast, large-scale, cost-effective, reliable, and free-style way at or near room temperature. Here, we present a completely rewritable meta-canvas on which arbitrary photonic devices can be rapidly written, erased and rewritten. The writing is with a low-power (1 mW) continuous laser and the entire process stays below ~ 90oC. Using these devices we demonstrate dynamical manipulation of optical waves for light propagation, reconstruction and polarization. Such meta-canvas supports physical (re)compilation of photonic operators akin to that of FPGA, opening up possibilities where a single photonic element can be field-programmed to deliver complex, system-level functionalities

Digital watermarking and novel security devices

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