11 research outputs found
Integrating 2D Mouse Emulation with 3D Manipulation for Visualizations on a Multi-Touch Table
We present the Rizzo, a multi-touch virtual mouse that has been designed to provide the fine grained interaction for information visualization on a multi-touch table. Our solution enables touch interaction for existing mouse-based visualizations. Previously, this transition to a multi-touch environment was difficult because the mouse emulation of touch surfaces is often insufficient to provide full information visualization functionality. We present a unified design, combining many Rizzos that have been designed not only to provide mouse capabilities but also to act as zoomable lenses that make precise information access feasible. The Rizzos and the information visualizations all exist within a touch-enabled 3D window management system. Our approach permits touch interaction with both the 3D windowing environment as well as with the contents of the individual windows contained therein. We describe an implementation of our technique that augments the VisLink 3D visualization environment to demonstrate how to enable multi-touch capabilities on all visualizations written with the popular prefuse visualization toolkit.
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MyBrush: Brushing and Linking with Personal Agency
We extend the popular brushing and linking technique by incorporating personal agency in the interaction. We map existing research related to brushing and linking into a design space that deconstructs the interaction technique into three components: source (what is being brushed), link (the expression of relationship between source and target), and target (what is revealed as related to the source). Using this design space, we created MyBrush, a unified interface that offers personal agency over brushing and linking by giving people the flexibility to configure the source, link, and target of multiple brushes. The results of three focus groups demonstrate that people with different backgrounds leveraged personal agency in different ways, including performing complex tasks and showing links explicitly. We reflect on these results, paving the way for future research on the role of personal agency in information visualization
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MyBrush: Brushing and Linking with Personal Agency
We extend the popular brushing and linking technique by incorporating personal agency in the interaction. We map existing research related to brushing and linking into a design space that deconstructs the interaction technique into three components: source (what is being brushed), link (the expression of relationship between source and target), and target (what is revealed as related to the source). Using this design space, we created MyBrush, a unified interface that offers personal agency over brushing and linking by giving people the flexibility to configure the source, link, and target of multiple brushes. The results of three focus groups demonstrate that people with different backgrounds leveraged personal agency in different ways, including performing complex tasks and showing links explicitly. We reflect on these results, paving the way for future research on the role of personal agency in information visualization
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COPE: Interactive Exploration of Co-occurrence Patterns in Spatial Time Series.
Spatial time series is a common type of data dealt with in many domains, such as economic statistics and environmental science. There have been many studies focusing on finding and analyzing various kinds of events in time series; the term 'event' refers to significant changes or occurrences of particular patterns formed by consecutive attribute values. We focus on a further step in event analysis: finding and exploring events that frequently co-occurred with a target class of similar events having occurred repeatedly over a period of time. This type of analysis can provide important clues for understanding the formation and spreading mechanisms of events and interdependencies among spatial locations. We propose a visual exploration framework COPE (Co-Occurrence Pattern Exploration), which allows users to extract events of interest from data and detect various co-occurrence patterns among them. Case studies and expert reviews were conducted to verify the effectiveness and scalability of COPE using two real-world datasets
Multi-scale navigation of large trace data: A survey
Dynamic analysis through execution traces is frequently used to analyze the runtime behavior of software systems. However, tracing long running executions generates voluminous data, which are complicated to analyze and manage. Extracting interesting performance or correctness characteristics out of large traces of data from several processes and threads is a challenging task. Trace abstraction and visualization are potential solutions to alleviate this challenge. Several efforts have been made over the years in many subfields of computer science for trace data collection, maintenance, analysis, and visualization. Many analyses start with an inspection of an overview of the trace, before digging deeper and studying more focused and detailed data. These techniques are common and well supported in geographical information systems, automatically adjusting the level of details depending on the scale. However, most trace visualization tools operate at a single level of representation, which are not adequate to support multilevel analysis. Sophisticated techniques and heuristics are needed to address this problem. Multi-scale (multilevel) visualization with support for zoom and focus operations is an effective way to enable this kind of analysis. Considerable research and several surveys are proposed in the literature in the field of trace visualization. However, multi-scale visualization has yet received little attention. In this paper, we provide a survey and methodological structure for categorizing tools and techniques aiming at multi-scale abstraction and visualization of execution trace data and discuss the requirements and challenges faced to be able to meet evolving user demands
Assistierte Informationsanzeige in Smart Meeting Rooms
Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, Konzepte fĂŒr eine assistierte Informationsanzeige in Smart Meeting Rooms bereitzustellen. DafĂŒr werden 3 Modelle erarbeitet. Hierauf basierend wird das Austauschen von Inhalten zwischen mehreren GerĂ€ten und das automatische Verteilen und Anordnen von Views auf unterschiedlichen Displays adressiert. Ein Ansatz zur interaktiven, bedarfsgerechten Erzeugung von neuen Darstellungen wird vorgestellt. Manuelles Anpassen der Anzeige und die Suche nach semantisch passenden Inhalten wird durch Hilfsmittel unterstĂŒtzt. Eine situationsangepasste Assistenz wird beschrieben
Multi-Level Trace Abstraction, Linking and Display
RĂSUMĂ
Certains types de problĂšmes logiciels et de bogues ne peuvent ĂȘtre identifiĂ©es et rĂ©solus que lors de l'analyse de l'exĂ©cution des applications. L'analyse d'exĂ©cution (et le dĂ©bogage) des systĂšmes parallĂšles et distribuĂ©s est trĂšs difficile en utilisant uniquement le code source et les
autres artefacts logiciels statiques. L'analyse dynamique par trace d'exécution est de plus en plus utilisée pour étudier le comportement d'un systÚme. Les traces d'exécution contiennent généralement une grande quantité d'information sur l'exécution du systÚme, par exemple quel
processus/module interagit avec quels autres processus/modules, ou encore quel fichier est touchĂ© par celui-ci, et ainsi de suite. Les traces au niveau du systĂšme d'exploitation sont un des types de donnĂ©es des plus utiles et efficaces qui peuvent ĂȘtre utilisĂ©s pour dĂ©tecter des problĂšmes d'exĂ©cution complexes. En effet, ils contiennent gĂ©nĂ©ralement des informations dĂ©taillĂ©es sur la communication inter-processus, sur l'utilisation de la mĂ©moire, le systĂšme de fichiers, les appels systĂšme, la couche rĂ©seau, les blocs de disque, etc. Cette information
peut ĂȘtre utilisĂ©e pour raisonner sur le comportement
d'exécution du systÚme et investiguer les bogues ainsi que les problÚmes d'exécution.
D'un autre cÎté, les traces d'exécution peuvent rapidement avoir une trÚs grande taille en peu de temps à cause de la grande quantité d'information qu'elles contiennent. De plus, les traces contiennent généralement des données de bas niveau (appels systÚme, interruptions, etc ) pour lesquelles l'analyse et la compréhension du contexte requiÚrent des connaissances poussées dans le domaine des systÚmes d'exploitation. TrÚs souvent, les administrateurs systÚme et analystes préfÚrent des données de plus haut niveau pour avoir une idée plus générale du comportement du systÚme, contrairement aux traces noyau dont le niveau d'abstraction est trÚs bas. Pour pouvoir générer efficacement des analyses de plus haut niveau, il est nécessaire de développer des algorithmes et des outils efficaces pour analyser les traces noyau et mettre en évidence les événements les plus pertinents.
Le caractÚre expressif des événements de trace permet aux analystes de raisonner sur l'exécution du systÚme à des niveaux plus élevés, pour découvrir le sens de l'exécution différents endroits, et détecter les comportements problématiques et inattendus. Toutefois, pour permettre une telle analyse, un outil de visualisation supplémentaire est nécessaire pour afficher les événements abstraits à de plus hauts niveaux d'abstraction. Cet outil peut permettre aux utilisateurs de voir une liste des problÚmes détectés, de les suivre dans les couches de plus bas niveau (ex. directement dans la trace détaillée) et éventuellement de
découvrir les raisons des problÚmes détectés.
Dans cette thÚse, un cadre d'application est présenté pour relever ces défis : réduire la taille d'une trace ainsi que sa complexité, générer plusieurs niveaux d'événements abstraits pour les organiser d'une facon hiérarchique et les visualiser à de multiples niveaux, et enfin permettre aux utilisateurs d'effectuer une analyse verticale et à plusieurs niveaux d'abstraction, conduisant à une meilleure connaissance et compréhension de l'exécution du systÚme.
Le cadre d'application proposé est étudié en deux grandes parties : d'abord plusieurs niveaux d'abstraction de trace, et ensuite l'organisation de la trace à plusieurs niveaux et
sa visualisation. La premiĂšre partie traite des techniques utilisĂ©es pour les donnĂ©es de trace abstraites en utilisant soit les traces des Ă©vĂ©nements contenus, un ensemble prĂ©dĂ©fini de paramĂštres et de mesures, ou une structure basĂ©e l'abstraction pour extraire les ressources impliquĂ©es dans le systĂšme. La deuxiĂšme partie, en revanche, indique l'organisation hiĂ©rarchique des Ă©vĂ©nements abstraits gĂ©nĂ©rĂ©s, l'Ă©tablissement de liens entre les Ă©vĂ©nements connexes, et enfin la visualisation en utilisant une vue de la chronologie avec Ă©chelle ajustable. Cette vue affiche les Ă©vĂ©nements Ă diffĂ©rents niveaux de granularitĂ©, et permet une navigation hiĂ©rarchique Ă travers diffĂ©rentes couches d'Ă©vĂ©nements de trace, en soutenant la mise a l'Ă©chelle sĂ©mantique. GrĂące Ă cet outil, les utilisateurs peuvent tout d'abord avoir un aperçu de l'exĂ©cution, contenant un ensemble de comportements de haut niveau, puis peuvent se dĂ©placer dans la vue et se concentrer sur une zone d'intĂ©rĂȘt pour obtenir plus de dĂ©tails sur celle-ci.
L'outil proposé synchronise et coordonne les différents niveaux de la vue en établissant des liens entre les données, structurellement ou sémantiquement. La liaison structurelle utilise la délimitation par estampilles de temps des événements pour lier les données, tandis que le
second utilise une prĂ©-analyse des Ă©vĂ©nements de trace pour trouver la pertinence entre eux ainsi que pour les lier. Lier les Ă©vĂ©nements relie les informations de diffĂ©rentes couches qui appartiennent thĂ©oriquement Ă la mĂȘme procĂ©dure ou spĂ©cifient le mĂȘme comportement. Avec l'utilisation de la liaison de la correspondance, des Ă©vĂ©nements dans une couche peuvent ĂȘtre analysĂ©s par rapport aux Ă©vĂ©nements et aux informations disponibles dans d'autres couches, ce qui conduit Ă une analyse Ă plusieurs niveaux et la comprĂ©hension de l'exĂ©cution du systĂšme sous-jacent.
Les exemples et les résultats expérimentaux des techniques d'abstraction et de visualisation proposés sont présentes dans cette thÚse qui prouve l'efficacité de l'approche. Dans ce projet, toutes les évaluations et les expériences ont été menées sur la base des événements de trace au niveau du systÚme d'exploitation recueillies par le traceur Linux Trace Toolkit Next Generation ( LTTng ). LTTng est un outil libre, léger et à faible impact qui fournit des informations d'exécution détaillées à partir des différents modules du systÚme sous-jacent, tant au niveau du noyau Linux que de l'espace utilisateur. LTTng fonctionne en instrumentant le noyau et les applications utilisateur en insérant quelques points de traces à des endroits
différents.----------ABSTRACT
Some problems and bugs can only be identified and resolved using runtime application behavior analysis. Runtime analysis of multi-threaded and distributed systems is very difficult, almost impossible, by only analyzing the source code and other static software artifacts. Therefore, dynamic analysis through execution traces is increasingly used to study system runtime behavior. Execution traces usually contain large amounts of valuable information
about the system execution, e.g., which process/module interacts with which other processes/modules, which file is touched by which process/module, which function is called by which process/module/function and so on. Operating system level traces are among the most useful and effective information sources that can be used to detect complex bugs and problems. Indeed, they contain detailed information about inter-process communication, memory usage, file system, system calls, networking, disk blocks, etc. This information can be used to understand the system runtime behavior, and to identify a large class of bugs, problems, and misbehavior.
However, execution traces may become large, even within a few seconds or minutes of execution, making the analysis difficult. Moreover, traces are often filled with low-level data (system calls, interrupts, etc.) so that people need a complete understanding of the domain knowledge to analyze these data.
It is often preferable for analysts to look at relatively abstract and high-level events, which are more readable and representative than the original trace data, and reveal the same behavior but at higher levels of granularity. However, to achieve such high-level data, effective algorithms and tools must be developed to process trace events, remove less important ones, highlight only necessary data, generalize trace events, and finally aggregate and group similar and related events.
The expressive nature of the synthetic events allows analysts to reason about system execution at higher levels, to uncover execution behavior in different areas, and detect its problematic and unexpected aspects. However, to allow such analysis, an additional visualization tool may be required to display abstract events at different levels and explore them easily. This tool may enable users to see a list of detected problems, follow the problems
in the detailed levels (e.g., within the raw trace events), analyze, and possibly discover the reasons for the detected problems.
In this thesis, a framework is presented to address those challenges: to reduce the execution trace size and complexity, to generate several levels of abstract events, to organize the data in a hierarchy, to visualize them at multiple levels, and finally to enable users to perform
a top-down and multiscale analysis over trace data, leading to a better understanding and comprehension of underlying system execution.
The proposed framework is studied in two major parts: multi-level trace abstraction, and multi-level trace organization and visualization. The first part discusses the techniques used to abstract out trace data using either the trace events content, a predefined set of metrics and measures, or structure-based abstraction to extract the resources involved in the system execution. The second part determines the hierarchical organization of the generated
abstract events, establishes links between the related events, and finally visualizes events using a zoomable timeline view. This view displays the events at different granularity levels, and enables a hierarchical navigation through different layers of trace events by supporting
the semantic zooming. Using this tool, users can first see an overview of the execution, and then can pan around the view, and focus and zoom on any area of interest for more details and insight.
The proposed view synchronizes and coordinates the different view levels by establishing links between data, structurally or semantically. The structural linking uses bounding times-tamps of the events to link the data, while the latter uses a pre-analysis of the trace events to find their relevance, and to link them together. Establishing Links connects the information that are conceptually related together ( e.g., events belong to the same process or specify the same behavior), so that events in one layer can be analyzed with respect to events and information in other layers, leading to a multi-level analysis and a better comprehension of the underlying system execution.
In this project, all evaluations and experiments were conducted on operating system level traces obtained with the Linux Trace Toolkit Next Generation (LTTng). LTTng is a
lightweight and low-impact open source tracing tool that provides valuable runtime information from the various modules of the underlying system at both the Linux kernel and user-space levels. LTTng works by instrumenting the (kernel and user-space) applications, with statically inserted tracepoints, and by generating log entries at runtime each time a tracepoint is hit
Smart views in smart meeting rooms
Ziel der Dissertation ist es, eine Problemlösung zu entwickeln fĂŒr die Generierung und Anzeige von InformationsreprĂ€sentationen und die Interaktion mit diesen InformationsreprĂ€sentationen in Smart Meeting Rooms, unter BerĂŒcksichtigung der HeterogenitĂ€t und Dynamik der Umgebung. FĂŒr die PrĂ€sentation von Informationen in Smart Meeting Rooms wird das Konzept des Smart View Managements und fĂŒr die Interaktion wird das Konzept des Smart Interaction Managements vorgestellt. Auf Basis dieser beiden Konzepte werden Methoden zur interaktiven Manipulation der InformationsreprĂ€sentationen vorgestellt