20 research outputs found
A common short-term memory retrieval rate may describe many cognitive procedures
We examine the relationship between response speed and the number of items in short-term memory (STM) in four different paradigms and find evidence for a similar high-speed processing rate of about 25â30 items per second (âŒ35â40 ms/item). We propose that the similarity of the processing rates across paradigms reflects the operation of a very basic covert memory process, high-speed retrieval, that is involved in both the search for information in STM and the reactivation or refreshing of information that keeps it in STM. We link this process to a specific pattern of rhythmic, repetitive neural activity in the brain (gamma oscillations). This proposal generates ideas for research and calls for an integrative approach that combines neuroscientific measures with behavioral cognitive techniques
Book Review of Resilient Grandparent Caregivers: A Strengths-Based Perspective
[No need for abstract since it\u27s a book review.
Review of \u3cem\u3eWhy America Lost the War on Poverty-And How to Win It.\u3c/em\u3e Frank Stricker. Reviewed by Mary Ager Caplan.
Book review for Frank Stricker, Why America Lost the War on Poverty - And How to Win It. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2007. 19.95 papercover
Review of \u3cem\u3eThe Battle for Welfare Rights: Politics and Poverty in Modern America.\u3c/em\u3e Felicia Kornbluh. Reviewed by James Midgley.
Book review of Felicia Kornbluh, The Battle for Welfare Rights: Politics and Poverty in Modern America. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007. 24.95 papercover
Automatic physical database design : recommending materialized views
This work discusses physical database design while focusing on the problem of selecting materialized views for improving the performance of a database system. We first address the satisfiability and implication problems for mixed arithmetic constraints. The results are used to support the construction of a search space for view selection problems. We proposed an approach for constructing a search space based on identifying maximum commonalities among queries and on rewriting queries using views. These commonalities are used to define candidate views for materialization from which an optimal or near-optimal set can be chosen as a solution to the view selection problem. Using a search space constructed this way, we address a specific instance of the view selection problem that aims at minimizing the view maintenance cost of multiple materialized views using multi-query optimization techniques. Further, we study this same problem in the context of a commercial database management system in the presence of memory and time restrictions. We also suggest a heuristic approach for maintaining the views while guaranteeing that the restrictions are satisfied. Finally, we consider a dynamic version of the view selection problem where the workload is a sequence of query and update statements. In this case, the views can be created (materialized) and dropped during the execution of the workload. We have implemented our approaches to the dynamic view selection problem and performed extensive experimental testing. Our experiments show that our approaches perform in most cases better than previous ones in terms of effectiveness and efficiency
An Optimal Combination of Diverse Distance Metrics On Multiple Modalities
We research a novel plan of online multi-modal distance metric learning (OMDML), which investigates a brought together two-level web based learning plan: (i) it figures out how to streamline a separation metric on every individual component space; and (ii) then it figures out how to locate the ideal mix of assorted sorts of elements. To additionally diminish the costly cost of DML on high-dimensional component space, we propose a low-rank OMDML algorithm which altogether lessens the computational cost as well as holds exceptionally contending or surprisingly better learning precision.
Virtual library:a technical implementation for a virtual reality library interface
Abstract. Libraries, as traditional information storages, serve an important role in providing free access to civilizationâs knowledge to the public. In the advent of the information society, conventional means of knowledge seeking slowly become obsolete. As technologies advance, libraries shall discover how available inventions could be utilized in enhancing library services and raising public awareness.
The offer to discover Virtual Library project was given to the author by the Center for Ubiquitous Computing in the University of Oulu, with the idea originating from Oulu City Library. The goal of the project was to implement an interactive application that would provide a unique experience for library users and show off capabilities of modern virtual technologies. The requirements for it were elicited and refined in a series of participatory design workshops held in Oulu City Library, and as a result, the content of initial web prototype was utilized in the creation of standalone virtual reality application on Unreal Engine 4. The application works with Oculus Rift headset and Oculus Touch motion controllers and lets the user explore the virtual model of Oulu City Library premises as well as some fictional places, added for diverse experience, and experience several activities.
Virtual Library was evaluated in a series of testing sessions held in the Oulu City Library with a total of 12 participants, which were primarily the libraryâs staff members. Overall, the application was positively acclaimed, providing an interesting and unusual library experience, and presenting capabilities of modern virtual reality technologies.Virtuaalikirjasto : tekninen kuvaus virtuaalitodellisuutta hyödyntĂ€vĂ€lle kirjastopalvelulle. TiivistelmĂ€. Kirjastoilla on perinteisesti tĂ€rkeĂ€ rooli tiedon vĂ€littĂ€jinĂ€ ja tallentajina. Kirjastojen tulee myös mahdollistaa pÀÀsy tiedon ÀÀreen. SiirryttĂ€essĂ€ lĂ€hemmĂ€ksi tietoyhteiskuntaa, perinteiset tavat kĂ€sitellĂ€ ja havainnoida tietoa ovat jÀÀmĂ€ssĂ€ historiaan. Myös kirjastot kehittyvĂ€t ja oppivat kuinka uusia teknologioita on mahdollista hyödyntÀÀ tiedon vĂ€littĂ€misessĂ€ yhteisöille.
Virtuaalikirjasto-projekti lÀhti Oulun kaupungin kirjaston pyynnöstÀ Oulun yliopiston Jokapaikan tietotekniikan tutkimusryhmÀlle. Projektin pÀÀmÀÀrÀnÀ oli toteuttaa interaktiivinen sovellus, joka tarjoaisi kirjaston asiakkaille elÀmyksellistÀ sisÀltöÀ samalla havainnollistaen virtuaalitodellisuuden ja siihen liittyvien teknologioiden mahdollisuuksia. Sovelluksen toteutusta hiottiin Oulun kaupunginkirjastossa sarjalla osallistavan suunnittelun mukaisia työpajoja. Virtuaalitodellisuussovellus toteutettiin Unreal Engine 4 -pelimoottorilla. Se toimii Oculus Rift -virtuaalilaseilla ja Oculus Touch -ohjaimilla. Sovelluksessa on mahdollista kulkea vapaasti virtuaalisessa Oulun kaupunginkirjastossa, sekÀ tilaan liitetyissÀ mielikuvituksellisemmissa maailmoissa.
Virtuaalikirjasto-sovellus evaluoitiin Oulun kaupunginkirjastossa sarjalla kÀyttÀjÀtestejÀ. TestikÀyttÀjiÀ oli kaikkiaan 12 ja he olivat pÀÀosin kirjaston työntekijöitÀ. Sovelluksen vastaanotto oli positiivinen. KÀyttÀjÀt totesivat sen havainnollistavan kÀytettÀvissÀ olevan tekniikan mahdollisuuksia samalla tarjoten mielenkiintoisen ja epÀtavallisen kirjastokokemuksen
What is attentional refreshing in working memory?
Working memory is one of the most important topics of research in cognitive psychology. The cognitive revolution that introduced the computer metaphor to describe human cognitive functioning called for this system in charge of the temporary storage of incoming or retrieved information to permit its processing. In the past decades, one particular mechanism of maintenance, attentional refreshing, has attracted an increasing amount of interest in the field of working memory. However, this mechanism remains rather mysterious, and its functioning is conceived in very different ways across the literature. This article presents an up-to-date review on attentional refreshing through the joint effort of leading researchers in the domain. It highlights points of agreement and delineates future avenues of research
The Chronicle [November 4, 1999]
The Chronicle, November 4, 1999https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/chron/4404/thumbnail.jp