6 research outputs found
Image Restoration for Remote Sensing: Overview and Toolbox
Remote sensing provides valuable information about objects or areas from a
distance in either active (e.g., RADAR and LiDAR) or passive (e.g.,
multispectral and hyperspectral) modes. The quality of data acquired by
remotely sensed imaging sensors (both active and passive) is often degraded by
a variety of noise types and artifacts. Image restoration, which is a vibrant
field of research in the remote sensing community, is the task of recovering
the true unknown image from the degraded observed image. Each imaging sensor
induces unique noise types and artifacts into the observed image. This fact has
led to the expansion of restoration techniques in different paths according to
each sensor type. This review paper brings together the advances of image
restoration techniques with particular focuses on synthetic aperture radar and
hyperspectral images as the most active sub-fields of image restoration in the
remote sensing community. We, therefore, provide a comprehensive,
discipline-specific starting point for researchers at different levels (i.e.,
students, researchers, and senior researchers) willing to investigate the
vibrant topic of data restoration by supplying sufficient detail and
references. Additionally, this review paper accompanies a toolbox to provide a
platform to encourage interested students and researchers in the field to
further explore the restoration techniques and fast-forward the community. The
toolboxes are provided in https://github.com/ImageRestorationToolbox.Comment: This paper is under review in GRS
Deep learning-based diagnostic system for malignant liver detection
Cancer is the second most common cause of death of human beings, whereas liver cancer is the fifth most
common cause of mortality. The prevention of deadly diseases in living beings requires timely, independent,
accurate, and robust detection of ailment by a computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) system. Executing such intelligent CAD requires some preliminary steps, including preprocessing, attribute analysis, and identification.
In recent studies, conventional techniques have been used to develop computer-aided diagnosis algorithms.
However, such traditional methods could immensely affect the structural properties of processed images with
inconsistent performance due to variable shape and size of region-of-interest. Moreover, the unavailability of sufficient datasets makes the performance of the proposed methods doubtful for commercial use.
To address these limitations, I propose novel methodologies in this dissertation. First, I modified a
generative adversarial network to perform deblurring and contrast adjustment on computed tomography
(CT) scans. Second, I designed a deep neural network with a novel loss function for fully automatic precise
segmentation of liver and lesions from CT scans. Third, I developed a multi-modal deep neural network
to integrate pathological data with imaging data to perform computer-aided diagnosis for malignant liver
detection.
The dissertation starts with background information that discusses the proposed study objectives and the workflow. Afterward, Chapter 2 reviews a general schematic for developing a computer-aided algorithm, including image acquisition techniques, preprocessing steps, feature extraction approaches, and machine learning-based prediction methods.
The first study proposed in Chapter 3 discusses blurred images and their possible effects on classification.
A novel multi-scale GAN network with residual image learning is proposed to deblur images. The second
method in Chapter 4 addresses the issue of low-contrast CT scan images. A multi-level GAN is utilized
to enhance images with well-contrast regions. Thus, the enhanced images improve the cancer diagnosis
performance. Chapter 5 proposes a deep neural network for the segmentation of liver and lesions from
abdominal CT scan images. A modified Unet with a novel loss function can precisely segment minute lesions.
Similarly, Chapter 6 introduces a multi-modal approach for liver cancer variants diagnosis. The pathological data are integrated with CT scan images to diagnose liver cancer variants.
In summary, this dissertation presents novel algorithms for preprocessing and disease detection. Furthermore,
the comparative analysis validates the effectiveness of proposed methods in computer-aided diagnosis
Image and Video Forensics
Nowadays, images and videos have become the main modalities of information being exchanged in everyday life, and their pervasiveness has led the image forensics community to question their reliability, integrity, confidentiality, and security. Multimedia contents are generated in many different ways through the use of consumer electronics and high-quality digital imaging devices, such as smartphones, digital cameras, tablets, and wearable and IoT devices. The ever-increasing convenience of image acquisition has facilitated instant distribution and sharing of digital images on digital social platforms, determining a great amount of exchange data. Moreover, the pervasiveness of powerful image editing tools has allowed the manipulation of digital images for malicious or criminal ends, up to the creation of synthesized images and videos with the use of deep learning techniques. In response to these threats, the multimedia forensics community has produced major research efforts regarding the identification of the source and the detection of manipulation. In all cases (e.g., forensic investigations, fake news debunking, information warfare, and cyberattacks) where images and videos serve as critical evidence, forensic technologies that help to determine the origin, authenticity, and integrity of multimedia content can become essential tools. This book aims to collect a diverse and complementary set of articles that demonstrate new developments and applications in image and video forensics to tackle new and serious challenges to ensure media authenticity