Verifying Unified Modeling Language-based Interaction Using Coloured Petri Nets

Interaksi mempelajari perilaku komponen di dalam sistem. Dalam sebuah sistem interaktif, karakteristik komponen mempengaruhi kinerja sistem. Dalam riset ini, metode untuk melakukan verifikasi interaksi dikenalkan menggunakan Coloured Petri Nets (CPN). Pertama, interaksi dimodelkan menggunakan diagram sekuen Unified Modeling Language (UML). Kemudian, diagram tersebut ditransformasikan menjadi model CPN. Untuk melakukannya, aturan transformasi dikenalkan. Interaksi di model CPN diverifikasi menggunakan teknik yang tersedia. Teknik tersebut antara lain: analisis state space , properti liveness, dan properti fairness. Selain itu, teknik dikenalkan untuk mengidentifikasi kesalahan dalam state space. Luaran dari riset ini adalah sebuah metode. Metode tersebut mempunyai tiga bagian penting. Bagian pertama adalah semantik formal dari diagram use case dan diagram sekuen. Semantik di definisikan dalam graf menggunakan gaya penulisan semantik denotasional. Bagian kedua adalah aturan transformasi yang mengubah diagram sekuen menjadi model CPN. Bagian ketiga adalah verifikasi model CPN. Verifikasi ini akan menunjukkan ada tidaknya kesalahan, yaitu kesalahan inisialisasi, kesalahan pascatugas, dan kesalahan urutan. Metode diterapkan pada studi kasus mesin penjaja coklat. Mesin ini merupakan contoh sistem interaktif yang kaya interaksi antara manusia dan mesin

Multilayer Network of Language: a Unified Framework for Structural Analysis of Linguistic Subsystems

Recently, the focus of complex networks research has shifted from the analysis of isolated properties of a system toward a more realistic modeling of multiple phenomena - multilayer networks. Motivated by the prosperity of multilayer approach in social, transport or trade systems, we propose the introduction of multilayer networks for language. The multilayer network of language is a unified framework for modeling linguistic subsystems and their structural properties enabling the exploration of their mutual interactions. Various aspects of natural language systems can be represented as complex networks, whose vertices depict linguistic units, while links model their relations. The multilayer network of language is defined by three aspects: the network construction principle, the linguistic subsystem and the language of interest. More precisely, we construct a word-level (syntax, co-occurrence and its shuffled counterpart) and a subword level (syllables and graphemes) network layers, from five variations of original text (in the modeled language). The obtained results suggest that there are substantial differences between the networks structures of different language subsystems, which are hidden during the exploration of an isolated layer. The word-level layers share structural properties regardless of the language (e.g. Croatian or English), while the syllabic subword level expresses more language dependent structural properties. The preserved weighted overlap quantifies the similarity of word-level layers in weighted and directed networks. Moreover, the analysis of motifs reveals a close topological structure of the syntactic and syllabic layers for both languages. The findings corroborate that the multilayer network framework is a powerful, consistent and systematic approach to model several linguistic subsystems simultaneously and hence to provide a more unified view on language

Clafer: Lightweight Modeling of Structure, Behaviour, and Variability

Embedded software is growing fast in size and complexity, leading to intimate mixture of complex architectures and complex control. Consequently, software specification requires modeling both structures and behaviour of systems. Unfortunately, existing languages do not integrate these aspects well, usually prioritizing one of them. It is common to develop a separate language for each of these facets. In this paper, we contribute Clafer: a small language that attempts to tackle this challenge. It combines rich structural modeling with state of the art behavioural formalisms. We are not aware of any other modeling language that seamlessly combines these facets common to system and software modeling. We show how Clafer, in a single unified syntax and semantics, allows capturing feature models (variability), component models, discrete control models (automata) and variability encompassing all these aspects. The language is built on top of first order logic with quantifiers over basic entities (for modeling structures) combined with linear temporal logic (for modeling behaviour). On top of this semantic foundation we build a simple but expressive syntax, enriched with carefully selected syntactic expansions that cover hierarchical modeling, associations, automata, scenarios, and Dwyer's property patterns. We evaluate Clafer using a power window case study, and comparing it against other notations that substantially overlap with its scope (SysML, AADL, Temporal OCL and Live Sequence Charts), discussing benefits and perils of using a single notation for the purpose

Action semantics of unified modeling language

The Uni ed Modeling Language or UML, as a visual and general purpose modeling language, has been around for more than a decade, gaining increasingly wide application and becoming the de-facto industrial standard for modeling software systems. However, the dynamic semantics of UML behaviours are only described in natural languages. Speci cation in natural languages inevitably involves vagueness, lacks reasonability and discourages mechanical language implementation. Such semi-formality of UML causes wide concern for researchers, including us. The formal semantics of UML demands more readability and extensibility due to its fast evolution and a wider range of users. Therefore we adopt Action Semantics (AS), mainly created by Peter Mosses, to formalize the dynamic semantics of UML, because AS can satisfy these needs advantageously compared to other frameworks. Instead of de ning UML directly, we design an action language, called ALx, and use it as the intermediary between a typical executable UML and its action semantics. ALx is highly heterogeneous, combining the features of Object Oriented Programming Languages, Object Query Languages, Model Description Languages and more complex behaviours like state machines. Adopting AS to formalize such a heterogeneous language is in turn of signi cance in exploring the adequacy and applicability of AS. In order to give assurance of the validity of the action semantics of ALx, a prototype ALx-to-Java translator is implemented, underpinned by our formal semantic description of the action language and using the Model Driven Approach (MDA). We argue that MDA is a feasible way of implementing this source-to-source language translator because the cornerstone of MDA, UML, is adequate to specify the static aspect of programming languages, and MDA provides executable transformation languages to model mapping rules between languages. We also construct a translator using a commonly-used conventional approach, in i which a tool is employed to generate the lexical scanner and the parser, and then other components including the type checker, symbol table constructor, intermediate representation producer and code generator, are coded manually. Then we compare the conventional approach with the MDA. The result shows that MDA has advantages over the conventional method in the aspect of code quality but is inferior to the latter in terms of system performance

Foundations of the Unified Modeling Language.

Object-oriented analysis and design is an increasingly popular software development method. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) has recently been proposed as a standard language for expressing object-oriented designs. Unfortunately, in its present form the UML lacks precisely defined semantics. This means that it is difficult to determine whether a design is consistent, whether a design modification is correct and whether a program correctly implements a design. Formal methods provide the rigor which is lacking in object-oriented design notations. This provision is often at the expense of clarity of exposition for the non-expert. Formal methods aim to use mathematical techniques in order to allow software development activities to be precisely defined, checked and ultimately automated. This paper aims to present an overview of work being undertaken to provide (a sub-set of) the UML with formal semantics. The semantics will facilitate the use of the UML in the software development process by allowing development steps to be defined and checked

Declarative Process Modeling with Business Vocabulary and Business Rules

In the literature, there exist already many languages for declarative process modeling. Each language addresses only one specific business concern. In our work, we define a unified framework for declarative process modeling, consisting of a unified vocabulary, execution model, and business rule types [1]. It can be used both as an expressive informal language for documenting business concerns, and as an ontological foundation to compare and develop declarative languages

Pembangunan Perangkat Lunak Sistem Retribusi Pangkalan Hasil Perkebunan Dinas Perkebunan Kabupaten Musi Rawas

Agriculture Department is a government that has not been recently issued regulations on the results of retribution. Retributions principal task of the employee records of the types of crops, the amount of revenue levy record, edit the data if there is a change, and create reports on the on-demand retribution superiors. To assist in the running is the principal task designed a software to help process the task of the employees of the plantation is retribution. Development of the device, software by using the methods of Rational Unified Process (RUP), with Unified Modeling Language (UML). language permodelan Unified Modeling Language (UML). At the implementation stage used web-based device programming PHP and using the MySQL database engine. Software that can help produce tasks basic employee retribution